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Biomedical subjects

A Bonneau

Publications and source records attributed to A Bonneau.

14 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Innovative working schedule: introducing one short nap during the night shift.

In order to test the possible long-term effects of the implementation of a short nap during night shifts, an experiment was conducted over a period of 1 year with 12 volunteer shiftworkers operating in an industrial plant. They were authorized, under certain conditions, to use individual sleeping areas, for a maximum of 1 hour, between 23h30 and 3h30. The participants were asked to fill in a short questionnaire every day during the entire study. The questions concerned the schedule of the main sleep period, the afternoon nap and the night-time nap, if any, as well as the evaluation of mood and the quality of work. This daily questionnaire was supplemented by an extensive questionnaire applied every 2 months in order to assess the main changes introduced in the life of the participants by this new working schedule. Results showed that this new organization introduced a general satisfaction about the quality and the easiness of the work at night. The vigilance level was considered to be higher during the hours following the nap. The efficacy of the nap time progressively increased for most subjects. The general quality of life improved for most subjects. While a few of them considered that falling asleep was less easy on the following morning at home, the statistical analysis did not show any detrimental effect of the short rest period on the length of the immediately consecutive main sleep period. However, different statistical analyses allow us to reveal significant differences between the main sleep durations following the night shift compared with those following both the afternoon shift and the resting period. The main sleep duration following the night shift was not statistically different from that of the morning shift. These results are very encouraging. A short nap during the night shift can be considered as a positive way to counteract the low level of vigilance that normally occurs during the late part of the night.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Perception of the place of articulation of French stop bursts.

This paper deals with the perception of French natural stop bursts and with the role played by the following vowel in this perception. The first experiment verified the ability of listeners to identify long stimuli containing the burst and part of the subsequent vowel. The second and third experiments investigated the identification of stop bursts with and without a priori knowledge of the following vowel. In order to determine the discriminating power of spectral characteristics of the burst, these experiments used fixed-length burst stimuli of 25-ms duration with all traces of vocalic segment cut off. The bursts of initial voiceless stops were extracted from CVC isolated words. The burst provided very reliable information about stop place since listeners identified correctly 87% of the stops, without a priori knowledge of the following vowel. Performance however was context-dependent. Knowing the identity of the vowel led to a slight but statistically significant improvement in stop identification. Nevertheless, the effects of this knowledge were selective and varied with context. Finally, the first experiment proved that a near perfect identification of stops can be achieved only when all main cues (burst spectrum, burst duration, and onset of vocalic formant transitions) were present simultaneously.

France↗
PubMed1995

Implementation of napping in industry and the problem of sleep inertia.

It seems reasonable to believe that in specific situations napping at the work place would be possible and used if authorized and encouraged. Very short naps could have very positive long-term effects on biological functions. Training someone to sleep for short periods appears feasible if there is a high motivation to do so. Sleep inertia can be considered as one of the main limiting factors in napping strategy. Sleep inertia depends on different factors such as sleep stage preceding the awakening, temporal placement of the nap, duration of nap and wakefulness preceding it, etc. The effects of sleep inertia might be different depending on the type of task, and a reactivation technique applied immediately after awakening may remove it. Despite the fact that its implementation in industry raises some practical issues, napping can be considered as a possible strategy to increase the vigilance level of night workers.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1989

Electrocardiographic aspects of skin diving.

Electrocardiographic (ECG) aspects of skin diving were monitored by means of continuous ECG recording in a pool 15 m deep. Ten regularly trained divers with different levels of experience divid a minimum of three consecutive times, holding their beath, reaching depths of 6 m, 9 m, and 12 or 15 m. The water temperature was 28 degrees C. During the ascending part of these dives, bradycardia was observed in all skin-divers. Minimal heart rate correlated negatively with the diver's experience (number of dives previously performed). In six divers cardiac arrhythmia was observed. Atrial arrhythmias were sometimes isolated occurrences, but more frequently they were multiple. Ventricular arrhythmias tended to be bigeminal. Apparently, forced expiration through the snorkel when surfacing precipitated these rhythmic disorders.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Arrhythmia and vago-sympathetic equilibrium in athletic divers].

Two series of electrocardiographic recordings by the Holter method were performed in 16 athletic divers : the first series in a man-made tank 15 m deep and containing water at 28 degrees C, with only exercises in apnoea ; the second series in a natural environment, with exercises in both apnoea and aqualung. Bradycardia was recorded in the second part of the apnoea. It was more marked and long-lasting in the artificial environment than in the natural one, and its degree correlated with the degree of experience of the driver (r = 0.90 ; p less than 0.001) . In 70 p. 100 of the cases, bradycardia was associated with atrial and/or ventricular extrasystoles in the artificial environment. In the natural environment, tachycardia was globally predominant and could reach maximum heart rate during exercises in the aqualung. The authors discuss the shift observe in vasosympathetic balance and its electrophysiological consequences when diving.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[A swollen leg disclosing a popliteal cyst. Apropos of a misleading case].

A patient was admitted with a clinical suspicion of left sural thrombophlebitis. Analysis of the clinical features and the results of rheoplethysmography, phlebography, arteriography and, most importantly, ultrasonography led to the diagnosis of popliteal synovial cyst and demonstrated the vascular repercussions of this lesions responsible for the swollen leg. A review of the literature confirms the frequently misleading clinical features of popliteal cysts. The authors present a strategy for the investigation of these cases, based on vascular functional investigations and in particular ultrasonography.

Angiography↗
PubMed1984

[Angiodysplasia of the ileum and cardiomyopathy].

A patient aged 73 had repeated episodes of melaena and a systolic murmur suggesting mitral insufficiency. An obstructive cardiomyopathy was diagnosed on echocardiography, while the gastro-intestinal tract investigations proved negative (gastro-duodenal endoscopy, barium meal and follow-through), until ileal vascular tumours were diagnosed by selective mesenteric arteriography. Diagnosis could only be confirmed on exploratory laparotomy, and definitive treatment was undertaken at the same time. The authors discuss the practical and theoretical consequences, including the need for thorough gastro-intestinal investigations in patients with repeated intestinal haemorrhage, particularly in the presence of a systolic murmur which is not necessarily the sign of aortic stenosis.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

[Treatment of atrial fibrillation with fenoxedil hydrochloride. Apropos of 112 cases].

One hundred and twelve patients with atrial fibrillation of different causes were treated with fenoxedil chlorhydrate. Sinus rhythm was restored in 81 cases (72.3 p. 100). The best results were obtained in the following conditions: hypertensive heart disease (77.6 p. 100), ischemic heart disease (75 p. 100), idiopathic atrial fibrillation (76.4 p. 100), senile lone fibrillation (78.2 p. 100). The results were average in valvular heart disease (57.1 p. 100) and in hyperthyroidism (40%). Age did not appear to be a deciding factor, the overall results being comparable in patients under 70 years of age (70.8 p. 100) and over 70 years of age (73.4 p. 100). Although recent atrial fibrillation was reduced more easily (83.3 p. 100), the results were satisfactory in chronic arrhythmias (over 3 years) (77.7 p. 100). The success rate was 76.3 p. 100 when the cardiothoracic index was over 0.60, and 66.6 p. 100 when less than 0.60. The antiarrhythmic effect of fenoxedil chlorhydrate is related to its electrophysiological properties as it depresses sinus node activity and atrioventricular conduction. No arrhythmic or conduction complications were observed during a short period (maximum 5 days) of close monitoring. However, lengthening of the QT and PR intervals was a common phenomenon. The advantages of fenoxedil chlorhydrate over electrical cardioversion (atraumatic, possibility of associating digitalis) and the results obtained whilst respecting the prescribing advice, justify its adoption as a method of converting atrial fibrillation.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Aneurysm of the azygos vein].

A case of azygos vein aneurysm is described. It is a very rare condition, this being the tenth reported case. The patient presented with superior vena cava obstruction and underwent successful surgical cure. This congenital malformation is practically always latent. The aneurysm is usually diagnosed after the discovery of a mediastinal mass on routine chest X ray. Although its variations in size with position and respiration are characteristic, angiography would seem to be essential to confirm its aneurysmal nature and the anatomical relationships. Surgery is usually simple and should be proposed even to asymptomatic patients because of the risk of thromboembolism.

Aneurysm↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Right atrial myxoma - about a case revealed by a pseudopericarditic symptomatology (author's transl)].

The authors relate a case of right atrial myxoma, developing as an inflamatory pericarditis. They insist on the misleading aspect of these tumors, on the delay usually occuring before the diagnosis can be reached and on the notable contribution of echocardiography which should be considered as the main investigation in future and should doubtless be sufficient for the cardiac surgeon, while permitting to avoid furthermore invasive investigations (catheterization and angiography).

Adult↗