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A Bootello

Publications and source records attributed to A Bootello.

63 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

The effect of dithiothreitol on VLA-4 detection in peripheral blood and induced sputum cells.

BACKGROUND: Induced sputum has been shown to be a reliable technique for investigating airway inflammation non-invasively. Flow cytometry could provide useful information in this area. However, the viscosity of the sample entails the use of a mucolytic agent. Dithiothreitol (DDT) is the most frequently used agent although it could affect detection of different inflammatory markers. METHODS: To measure the effect of DDT on the detection of certain adhesion molecules in eosinophils and lymphocytes, sputum was induced from seven non-smoking asthmatic and non-asthmatic subjects treated with 0.1 M DDT. The samples were analyzed by flow cytometry. Whole blood samples from the same subjects were also processed with DTT and analyzed by flow cytometry. RESULTS: Very late activated antigen-4 (VLA-4) levels on eosinophils in intracellular and surface staining were much lower than expected. VLA-4 on lymphocytes was also altered but less so than on eosinophils. VLA-4 levels were also decreased on blood cells after DTT treatment. No abnormalities were found in the detection of CD29 on eosinophils and the beta7-chain in lymphocytes. CONCLUSIONS: Flow cytometry could be used as a complementary method to induced sputum in the investigation of airway inflammation. However, DTT could interfere with the detection of some inflammatory markers, as is the case with VLA-4.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Lumphocytotoxins in leprosy.

Occurrence of cold lymphocytotoxins has been observed in 59 leprosy sera. In 46% of the patients, cold lymphocytotoxins were present whereas in helathy controls only 13% showed such antibodies. The highest incidence of alloantibodies was detected in lepromatous leprosy. Levels of autoantibodies, immunoglobulins and C3 were tested in parallel without finding any significnat correlations.

Complement C3↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[T gamma-delta lymphocytes and their role in hypersensitivity processes in the digestive and respiratory mucosa].

Specific antigenic recognition by the immune system relies on receptors that T and B lymphocytes display on their plasmatic membranes. Most T cells express an antigen receptor integrated by an a chain and a b chain, the TcR-alphabeta. There is also a second population of T cells, minority in blood, spleen and lymph nodes, which expresses a different type of TcR, the TcR-gammadelta. These cells, termed gammadelta T cells, are probably implicated in the innate immunity, and are preferentially located in epithelia, where they are known as "gammadelta intraepithelial lymphocytes" (gammadelta IEL). The intestinal gammadelta IEL population (gammadelta i-IEL) is particularly abundant and it might have, at least in part, an extrathymic origin. An increase in the gammadelta i-IEL population has been described in intestinal hypersensitivity processes like Alimentary Allergy and, characteristically, Celiac Disease, but its significance is not well known. The second best known gammadelta IEL subset is the one located in the respiratory mucosa. Recent data suggest that these gammadelta IEL might play a role in protecting the normal airway function while being also implicated in allergic airway diseases, like Allergic Rhinitis and Asthma, due to their pro-inflammatory functions. This review focuses on the general characteristics of this yet poorly known and intriguing T cell population, whose relevance is increasingly acknowledged.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Primary biliary cirrhosis. Study of the action of mitochondrial antibody plus complement on mitochondrial membrane functions.

It has been described that mitochondrial antibodies can be detected in the serum of primary biliary cirrhosis patients (over 90%) and that these antibodies are directed specifically against a component of the mitochondrial inner membrane. In the present study whole mitochondria isolated from rat liver were exposed to mitochondrial antibodies from patients with primary biliary cirrhosis, and to antibodies induced experimentally in rabbits to mitochondrial antigens of rat liver. This was an attempt to study the action of these antibodies and complement on mitochondrial functions. By studying respiratory control and oxidative phosphorylation of mitochondria, no significant, nor specific effect on mitochondrial membranes functions could be detected, after the incubation of suspensions of mitochdondria with normal or immune gamma-globulin (neither from rabbits nor from human) nor with the addition of complement. Furthermore, the respiration of fragmental mitochondria using succinate and NADH substrates was unaffected by the antibodies and complement. Similarly, mitochondrial APT-ase activity and swelling and contraction were not affected by antibody. Experiments are in progress to study the hypothesis of a lymphocyte dependent antibody mediated cytotoxicity in this system. In order to demonstrate that this autoimmune phenomenon might be associated with cellular immunity to a mitochondrial component, we have in a previous report demonstrated impairment of mitochondrial respiratory control by lymphocytes from rabbits sensitized in vivo with mitochondrial antigens. Subsequently we have recently shown evidence of sensitization. In-vivo of lymphocytes from patients with primary biliary cirrhosis as demonstrated by an injurious effect on rat liver mitochondria by lymphocytes from patients with this disease. Further studies are necessary to clarify the involvement of this phenomena in the possible mechanisms responsible for the pathogenesis of the lesions.

Adenosine Triphosphatases↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Comparison between automated histamine liberation in whole blood and in isolated cells].

The classic histamine release test involved washing and isolating of leukocytes from heparinized whole blood. Siraganian automatized the extraction procedure, working initially with isolated leukocytes in Tris-human serum albumin-Ca++Mg++ buffer, with optimal results. One year later, he described a continuous flow system that permitted the study of whole blood from atopic patients. This method was easier to perform since the isolation of the white blood cells is no longer necessary. On the other hand, the results working with whole blood seem to be better than with isolated leukocytes. We have published modifications of the continuous flow technique, working also with whole blood. Our results agree with those of Siraganian and others. An alternative to working with whole blood or isolated cells in synthetic buffers could be the use of autologous diluted plasma. In this way, the cells are centrifuged and the plasma poured off. The plasma can be used for other determinations, such as RIA, ELISA, etc. The blood is reconstituted to its original volume with a PBS-Ca++Mg++ buffer and processed as described. The results using the whole blood and "washed cells" were very similar. But in some cases we found positive histamine release in "washed leukocytes" but not in whole blood. This striking phenomenon can be explained by the presence in plasma of blocking non-IgE antibodies. If this is the case, the removal of approximately 85% of the plasma will also lead to the disappearance of the 85% of these blocking antibodies. On the other hand, all the positive results obtained using whole blood have been confirmed using "washed cells". Therefore, the use of "washed cells" has several advantages with respect to whole blood assay or leukocyte isolation.

Allergens↗