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Biomedical subjects

A Borgmann

Publications and source records attributed to A Borgmann.

11 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

Parvovirus B19 infection associated with unilateral cervical lymphadenopathy, apoptotic sinus histiocytosis, and prolonged fatigue.

This report describes the case of a 16 year old girl with a history of high fever, prolonged fatigue, and cervical lymphadenopathy of the right side. In addition, the patient showed neutropenia, thrombopenia, and pronounced reticulopenia. Cervical ultrasound showed unilateral hypoechoic lymph nodes up to 23 mm in diameter suspicious for malignant lymphoma. Histology of a cervical lymph node specimen revealed massive nodular histiocytic proliferation and prominent apoptosis without necrosis. Parvovirus B19 was detected by polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry in the lymph node. In summary, this case is an unusual presentation of parvovirus B19 infection. The virus was identified as the potential causative agent of unilateral cervical lymphoma and apoptotic sinus histocytosis, thus broadening the clinicopathological spectrum of parvovirus B19 induced diseases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Childhood all blasts retain phenotypic and genotypic characteristics upon long-term serial passage in NOD/SCID mice.

For children with an early bone marrow relapse or relapsed T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) is currently the only therapeutic option with a curative approach. Here, the graft versus leukemia (GvL) effect seems to play an important role for long-term immunological control of leukemia. If a bone marrow donor is not available, autologous stem cell transplantation after high-dose chemotherapy has been used as an alternative option. The objective of this work was the induction of tumor specific cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTL) against autologous leukemic cells in order to generate the missing GvL effect after autoBMT. The first step was the establishment of an optimized and reliable mouse model. The second step was the induction of a GvL effect in an allogeneic approach to serve as a basis for further GvL experiments in an autologous approach in this mouse model. Leukemic cells from 11 out of 16 different pediatric patients were successfully established in mice and in one case passaged over 19 generations without changes of genotype or phenotype. The antileukemic activity of allogeneic human MNC as a GvL reaction and an accompanying GvHD in the mouse model was shown. Xenotransplanted ALL can be considered a clinically relevant model mimicking the human conditions and as a useful preclinical tool for the evaluation of novel immuno- or genetherapeutic approaches.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation for a subset of children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia in third remission: a conceivable alternative?

In the BFM Relapse Study registry we retrospectively identified 136 patients with a first marrow relapse who had undergone BMT in second complete remission (CR2) (group A) and 33 patients who received transplants only after a 2nd bone marrow (BM) relapse had occurred (group B). Event-free survival (EFS) rates at 6 years after BMT were 0.49 +/- 0.05 and 0.48 +/- 0.09 for patients transplanted in CR2 and CR3, respectively. In context with the BFM chemotherapy trials for relapsed childhood ALL there is a clear benefit from BMT in 2nd CR for children with unfavorable prognostic features (isolated early BM relapse, very early BM relapse or BM relapse of T cell ALL). Similar control of leukemia can be achieved with either chemotherapy or BMT in late BM relapse of ALL. Assuming a 60% failure rate with chemotherapy for patients in second relapse, a third remission can be achieved in about 60% of patients who have received chemotherapy, rendering them eligible for BMT in 3rd CR. With this strategy 58% of these patients would survive and late sequelae of BMT be restricted to a minority. To withhold BMT in CR2 and not perform BMT before a 2nd BM relapse has occurred, may be a conceivable alternative for children with late ALL BM relapse, at least if no related donor is available.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Effect of oral creatine supplementation on muscle [PCr] and short-term maximum power output.

Our purpose was to determine the effect of creatine supplementation on power output during a 30-s maximal cycling (Wingate) test. Nine males underwent 3 randomly ordered tests following ingestion of a creatine supplementation (CRE), placebo (PLA), and control (CON) CRE was ingested as creatine monohydrate (CrH2O) dissolved in a flavored drink (20g.d-1 for 3 d), while PLA consisted of the drink only. Tests were performed 14 d apart on a Monarch ergometer modified for immediate resistance loading. Needle biopsies were taken from the vastus lateralis at the end of each treatment period and before the exercise test. No difference was found between conditions for peak, mean 10-s, and mean 30-s power output, percent fatigue, or post-exercise blood lactate concentration. Similarly, no difference between conditions was observed for ATP, phosphocreatine (PCr), or total creatine (TCr); however, the TCr/ATP was higher in the CRE condition (P < 0.05) than in the CON and PLA conditions. Findings suggest that 3 d of oral Cr supplementation does not increase resting muscle PCr concentration and has no effect on performance during a single short-term maximal cycling task.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1996

Allogeneic BMT vs. chemotherapy in late bone marrow relapsed childhood non-T/non-B ALL: results of BFM ALL relapse studies. BFM Relapse Study Group.

In first BM relapsed non-T/non-B ALL, the outcome is not significantly different after radio-chemotherapy compared with allogeneic BMT. Therefore, radio-chemotherapy is convenient af first late BM relapse and BMT may be performed not before a second BM relapse had occurred. Only a small subgroup of children with isolated BM relapse and peripheral blast cells > or = 10,000/microliter at diagnosis of first relapse has a dismal prognosis after radio-chemotherapy and might benefit from BMT.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Autologous bone-marrow transplants compared with chemotherapy for children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in a second remission: a matched-pair analysis. The Berlin-Frankfurt-Münster Study Group.

It is unclear how best to treat children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) who are in a second remission. Treatment with bone-marrow transplants from HLA-identical siblings results in a statistically greater likelihood of leukaemia-free survival than does chemotherapy. Less than 25% of relapsed patients are able to benefit from this therapy due to a lack of matching donors; chemoradiotherapy or autologous BMT are considered for the rest. We compared treatment results for children who underwent autologous BMT with those who had chemotherapy. All patients were registered between 1983-94 in the multicentre trials. We selected groups of patients by matching variables associated with treatment outcome and duration of second remission. 52 matched-pairs were studied. The probability of event-free survival at 9 years was 0.32 (SD 0.07) for patients receiving chemotherapy versus 0.26 (SD 0.07) for patients who underwent autologous BMT. For two groups--children with prognostic factors indicating high risk of relapse and those with factors indicating lower risk--the outcome from transplantation did not differ significantly from that of chemotherapy: no advantage of autologous BMT over chemotherapy as post-induction treatment for children with ALL in a second remission could be detected with regard to event-free survival. Because autologous BMT has been used as the final step of treatment it is possible that its relative ineffectiveness has been due to the lack of continuation therapy after transplant. Attempts should be made to complement autologous BMT by subsequent immunotherapy, molecular biotherapy, chemotherapy, or a combination of these.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Isolated extramedullary relapse in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a comparison between treatment results of chemotherapy and bone marrow transplantation. BFM Relapse Study Group.

The purpose of this study was to determine the therapeutic efficacy of different treatment strategies, namely chemotherapy, allogeneic and autologous bone marrow transplantation (BMT), for extramedullary relapse of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in children in second or subsequent remission. Between 1983 and 1993, 165 patients up to 19 years of age with extramedullary relapse of ALL were registered in the multicenter ALL-REZ BFM trials. One hundred and thirty four children received chemotherapy only; 17 children were grafted from HLA-identical sibling donors 152 days (46-392 days) after diagnosis of relapse, and 14 children underwent autologous BMT after a median time of 137 (range 23-300) days. Event-free survival (EFS) at 5 years was 0.47 +/- 0.05 for patients receiving chemotherapy: 0.76 +/- 0.07 for late, 0.33 +/- 0.08 for early and 0.33 +/- 0.07 for very early relapsed patients. Sixty five patients are in complete remission (CR), 61 patients relapsed, 5 died from therapy related complications, 2 patients in CR were lost to follow-up and one patient developed a second malignancy. For patients who had undergone BMT, EFS at 5 years was 0.36 +/- 0.10 without significant difference between autologous BMT (8 of 14 in CR, 6 relapsed) and allogeneic BMT (6 of 17 in CR, 4 died of acute toxicity, and 7 relapsed).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Changes in 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity in the developing rabbit ovary.

The presence of 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase in the maturing rabbit ovary was demonstrated biochemically and histochemically. Enzyme activity was negligible to absent in ovaries from rabbits less than 44 days old. The greatest activity was located in the microsomal fraction of ovaries from mature rabbits. The enzyme characteristics were: Vmax = 33.1 +/- 9.6 nmol/min/mg protein and Km = 2.16 +/- 0.28 microM. Ovaries from pregnant hyperglycemic rabbits had enzyme which showed a Vmax of 51.4 +/- 8.2 nmol/min/mg protein and Km = 2.41 +/- 0.31 microM. These results indicate that rabbit ovarian tissue becomes steroidogenically active at a time when gonadotropin levels are elevated.

3-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Influence of fractionated total body irradiation on mucosal toxicity in intensified conditioning regimens for autologous bone marrow transplantation in pediatric cancer patients.

From April 1988 to March 1991 28 children with generalized solid tumors (N = 15) or hematologic malignancies (N = 13) received intensified myelotoxic regimens followed by autologous stem cell rescue (ABMT). These intensified regimens consisted of 12 Gy fractionated total body irradiation (FTBI) and 2 (or 3) cytotoxic drugs (group A, n = 19) or a combination of 3 cytotoxic drugs (group B, n = 9). FTBI-containing regimens produced more severe mucositis > = WHO grade 3 (p = 0.01) and a longer duration of severe mucositis. The mucositis had a median duration of 8 days (range 0-28) in group A compared with median 0 days (range 0-7) in group B (p < 0.01). Acute renal and liver toxicity were not different. The probability of overall survival at day +100 was 89% in all patients. In terms of long-term survival FTBI containing regimen did not prove superior: 5 out of 19 patients in group A and 6 out of 9 patients in group B have been survivors for a minimum of 3 years. In conclusion, severe gastrointestinal toxicity of such intensive regimens is avoidable if FTBI is omitted.

Adolescent↗