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Biomedical subjects

A Bosse

Publications and source records attributed to A Bosse.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1997

[Ossovenography as a diagnostic criterion of post-traumatic femoral head necrosis in internal fixation devices].

Despite advances in the field of orthopedic surgery, necrosis of the femoral head still remains a serious problem. Under normal conditions magnetic resonance tomography (MRT) is the gold standard for early diagnosis. Because of magnetic interference, this technique is not applicable in the diagnosis of posttraumatic necrosis with internal fixation, however. This seems to be an ideal indication for ossovenography: contrast medium is injected into the femoral head under X-ray control and the venous flow is documented. Furthermore, it is possible to get histological samples from suspicious areas. Ossovenography was performed in 12 patients and the results were compared with histological samples. In every patient in whom necrosis of the femoral head was diagnosed by ossovenography (91.6%), we also found necrosis on histological examination. In one patient in whom physiological flow was found, there was a corresponding absence of necrosis in the histological sample. There were no complications during ossovenography. The results suggest that ossovenography is a promising and reliable method for early diagnosis of necrosis of the femoral head in the presence of internal fixation devices.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Identification of the vertebrate Iroquois homeobox gene family with overlapping expression during early development of the nervous system.

In Drosophila the decision processes between the neural and epidermal fate for equipotent ectodermal cells depend on the activity of proneural genes. Members of the Drosophila Iroquois-Complex (Iro-C) positively regulate the activity of certain proneural AS-C genes during the formation of external sensory organs. We have identified and characterized three mouse Iroquois-related genes: Irx1, -2 and -3, which have a homeodomain very similar to that of the Drosophila Iro-C genes. The sequence similarity implies that these three genes represent a separate homeobox family. All three genes are expressed with distinct spatio/temporal patterns during early mouse embryogenesis. These patterns implicate them in a number of embryonic developmental processes: the A/P and D/V patterning of specific regions of the central nervous system (CNS), and regionalization of the otic vesicle, branchial epithelium and limbs.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1997

[Clinical aspects, differential diagnosis and histogenesis of heterotopic ossification].

Investigations regarding proliferation behaviour, histogenesis and bone transformation were carried out on soft tissue samples with 133 heterotopic ossifications (HO), collected from the surgical material of the Institute of Pathology, Berufsgenossenschaftliche Kliniken Bergmannsheil, using methods of conventional histology, histochemistry, immunohistochemistry, electron microscopy and molecular biology, yielding the following results: 1. There is only a limited pathognomonic growth pattern for the variant of non-traumatic heterotopic ossification. Basically, the ossification foci may be divided into central, intermediate and peripheral zones. Expression intensities of the proliferation markers PCNA and MIB-1 show the proliferation behaviour in peripheral areas of osteogenesis to be similar to that found in autonomous osseous neoplasias. The phenotypical picture of zonal architecture found in HO can be seen by the simultaneous demonstration of variable image sequences of multifocally arising ectopic formations of new bone with varying degrees of maturation. 2. Vascular endothelium and pericytes are integrated into the formal histogenesis of heterotopic ossification and belong to osteoprogenitor cells as "stem cells" of heterotopic ossification. 3. The histochemically established expression pattern of alkaline phosphatasis is in good correlation with the degree of activity of the step-by-step development of heterotopic ossification. The intracellular demonstration of alkaline phosphatasis is an indicator for the transformation towards an osteogenic direction. In HO, the enzyme is a major characteristic of osteoprogenitor cells. 4. According to our immunohistochemical results, the proteoglycanes Decorin and PG 100-osteogenic matrix proteins-show a phase-like expression and are involved in osteoneogenesis. They are predominantly found in the area of mineralization. The proteoglycane 100 experiences a "modulation" and can be demonstrated almost selectively in osteoclasts in advanced stages of osteodevelopment. 5. Using in situ hybridization-with digoxigenin labeled cDNA probes- and a propidium iodide counterstaining a co-expression of collagene types I, II and III-mRNA could be demonstrated in samples of ossification. The expression pattern is similar to the collagen expression I. in early phases of embryonal bone development II. with callus proliferation and shows III. also similarities to chondral neoplasias. The results underline the reactive-neoplastic character of heterotopic ossification. 6. TGF-beta 1 mRNA shows a polytopic expression pattern with accumulation in areas of osteogenesis. TGF-beta 1 was found mostly in cartilage cells of heterotopic ossifications, as were collagene types I (alpha 1) and III (alpha 1) mRNAs. In sum, our in situ hybridization results underline the central part of cartilage cells in the ossification process in ectopic osteoneogenesis. This is also indicated by a phenotypical alteration of collagen expression as well as by an accumulation of TGF-beta 1 in chondral ossification areas. In situ hybridization propidium iodide counterstaining offers a reproducable image of morphological structures in the histological slide sample by means of fluorescence microscopy. 7. Phenotyping of osteroclasts in HO revealed their derivation from mature local macrophages. The immunohistochemical characterization with the demonstration of the vitronectin receptor classified the multinucleate giant cells of HO as original osteoclasts. Their origin is in accordance with the histogenetical concept of original bone. 8. Summarizing, the results characterize heterotopic ossification as a reactive proliferative and reversible neoplasia in chronically damaged soft tissue. From the formal pathogenetical point of view, relations could be established to orthotopic osteoneogenesis as well as to impaired proliferation kinetics, similar to osseous autonomous neoplastic lesions. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED)

Biomarkers↗
PubMed1997

[Diagnosis and therapy of calcifying intramuscular hemangiomas of the lower extremity].

During a 6 year interval from 1990 to 1996 13 patients suffering from calcifying cavernous hemangioma of the lower extremity were treated by surgical resection of the tumor and were followed-up postoperatively for remaining functional loss and recurrence rate. The resection of the medial head of the gastrocnemius muscle was performed seven times, the resection of the lateral head was done in 5 patients. In one patient the soleus muscle was partially resected. Simultaneous lengthening of the Achilles tendon was done in 11 patients for correction of foot drop deformity. The histological examination revealed three cavernous hemangiomas, one arterio-venous angioma racemosum and nine mixed capillary-cavernous hemangiomas. The patients were able to walk at 5.3 weeks following surgery. During the 29 months follow-up period there was no recurrence of symptoms neither of the hemangioma.

Achilles Tendon↗
PubMed1996

Genomic sequence, organization, and chromosomal localization of human JAK3.

Members of the Janus (JAK) protein tyrosine kinase family including JAK3 have recently emerged as important components in cytokine signal transduction. Mutations of JAK3 have been found in a number of patients who present with severe combined immunodeficiency. To facilitate the further identification of JAK3-SCID patients and to understand the structure of JAK3 better, we undertook the determination of the genomic sequence, organization, and chromosomal localization of the JAK3 gene. The JAK3 gene was found to consist of 19 exons and 18 introns. Interestingly, the organization of the kinase-(JH1) and pseudokinase-(JH2) domains were found to be dissimilar. In addition, the JAK3 gene was localized to human chromosome 19p13.1. These data should facilitate the identification of patients with this new form of immunodeficiency and will provide insight into the structure of this kinase.

Chromosome Mapping↗
PubMed1996

[Malignant melanoma of the gallbladder].

A 75 year woman developed a primary malignant melanoma of the gallbladder. The patient presented with abdominal pain in the upper right quadrant typically seen in acute cholecystitis. Neither intravesical concretions nor cholestasis was seen. Ultrasound demonstrated hyperechogenic intraluminal "school of fish" reflections, which are typical for metastatic melanoma to the gallbladder. Intravesical fluid collection was not present. The tumor did not expand past the wall of the gallbladder. The main sonographic features are hyperdense intraluminal strands of tumor and the lack of fluid. Computed tomography showed solid intraluminal masses with hypodensive and partially hyperdensive reticular structure.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

Leiomyoma of the seminal vesicle.

We report on a 69 year-old patient with a leiomyoma of the seminal vesicle who presented with dysuria and pollakiuria. The rectal examination revealed a large, hard mass in an area corresponding to the seminal vesicle. The prostate was suspicious of malignancy, but transrectal needle biopsy specimens were negative. We managed the patient by prostatovesiculectomy. The pathological findings and the immunohistochemical staining pattern of smooth muscle with antibodies against beta-actin and desmin confirmed the diagnosis of a leiomyoma of the left seminal vesicle. To our knowledge, this kind of tumour is exceedingly rare, with only a few cases reported in the literature.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

[Epitheloid osteosarcoma. Differential diagnostic problems].

The case of a 23-year-old female patient suffering from a rare variety of osteosarcoma of the distal femur with epithelial differentiation and only traces of osteoid is reported. The tumour cells reacted strongly to antibodies against vimentin. Metastases were found in the fifth rib and the right kidney. There was no response to chemotherapy. One year after implantation of a tumour prosthesis of the knee a thigh amputation was necessary because of a local failure. The patient died 2.5 years after the tumour had initially been diagnosed. Other reports of this rare type of epitheloid osteosarcoma illustrate the difficulties involved in reaching a correct diagnosis. This tumour can be mistaken for a skeletal metastasis of an epithelial tumour.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Immunohistochemical characterization of the small proteoglycans decorin and proteoglycan-100 in heterotopic ossification.

Heterotopic ossification is a metabolically active process which shares several properties of orthotopic bone formation and, therefore, represents an excellent model for studying bone matrix components. Immunohistochemical methods were used to investigate the distribution pattern of the small proteoglycans decorin and proteoglycan-100 during different stages of heterotopic ossification of pressure sores of paraplegic patients. Decorin and proteoglycan-100 exhibited a substantially divergent distribution pattern. Decorin was detectable in the perivascular matrix of granulation tissue as well as in the stroma of heterotopic ossification. The ossification zone was stained most strongly. In contrast, proteoglycan-100 was predominantly detectable in fibroblasts and preosteoblasts in early areas of osteogenesis. In more mature forms of heterotopic ossification immunostaining was markedly reduced in osteoblasts and osteocytes and even absent in so-called bone-lining cells. However, at least some osteoclasts were strongly positive. These results suggest indicate that decorin and proteoglycan-100 are important components during the formal pathogenesis of heterotopic ossification. The expression of the small proteoglycans, especially of proteoglycan-100, correlates with different phases during heterotopic ossification, showing a maximum for proteoglycan-100 in matrix-forming cells in early phases of bone formation, but in osteoclasts in mature bone.

Bone and Bones↗
PubMed1994

[Collagens and growth factors in heterotopic ossification].

Heterotopic Ossification (HO) occurs as a consequence of several diseases and of various forms of trauma. HO is particularly frequent in paraplegic patients with spinal cord lesions. It is obvious that extraskeletal cells are able to differentiate into an osteogenic direction. However, the mechanisms of the induction process of HO and the stimulating agents are not precisely known. A novel tool for studying the ossification process at the level of transcription is the technique of non-radioactive in situ hybridisation. Using digoxigenin labeled cDNA probes we investigated the distribution patterns of types I, II and III collagen mRNAs and the mRNA of Transforming Growth Factor beta 1 (TGF-beta 1) in heterotopic ossification of pressure sores of paraplegic patients. The three collagen mRNAs as well as the TGF-beta 1 mRNA exhibited substantially divergent distribution patterns. Type I (alpha 1) collagen mRNA was predominantly detectable in preosteoblasts, chondroblasts and chondrocytes of the ossification zone. Type II (alpha 1) collagen mRNA was nearly exclusively found in cells of the chondrogenic lineage. Type III (alpha 1) collagen mRNA was detectable at low levels in soft tissue, but was strongly expressed by chondroblasts and chondrocytes of heterotopic cartilage. In contrast expression of TGF-beta 1 mRNA was found in a spatial different distribution pattern in areas of proliferation of mesenchymal tissue and in different stages of ectopic bone formation. As in the case of collagen Type I (alpha 1) and III (alpha 1) mRNAs the maximum of localization of TGF-beta 1 was detected in chondroblastic areas of heterotopic ossification. Taken together our in situ hybridization experiments provide evidence that chondrogenic cells play a central role in the process of HO with a phenotypic alteration in collagen type expression and a strong expression of TGF-beta 1 mRNA. These findings support individual in vivo function for TGF-beta 1 in local cellular regulation of ectopic bone formation.

Cartilage↗
PubMed1994

Localization of collagen types I, II, and III mRNAs in human heterotopic ossification by non-radioactive in situ hybridization.

Heterotopic ossification is a metabolically active process which shares several properties of orthotopic bone formation and, therefore, represents an excellent model for the investigation of matrix components. A novel tool for studying the ossifying process at the level of transcription is the technique of non-radioactive in situ hybridization. Using digoxigenin labeled cDNA probes we investigated the distribution patterns of types I, II and III collagen mRNAs in heterotopic ossification of pressure sores of paraplegic patients. The three collagen mRNAs exhibited substantially divergent distribution patterns. Type I (alpha 1) collagen mRNA was predominantly detectable in preosteoblasts, prechondroblasts and chondrocytes of the ossification zone. Type II (alpha 1) collagen mRNA was nearly exclusively found in cells of the chondrogenic lineage. Type III (alpha 1) collagen mRNA was detectable at low levels in soft tissue, but was strongly expressed by prechondroblasts and chondrocytes of heterotopic cartilage. Our in situ hybridization experiments provide evidence that chondrogenic cells in heterotopic ossification show a phenotypic alteration in collagen type expression. These results indicate that chondrocytes of heterotopic cartilage show a co-expression of types I (alpha 1), II (alpha 1) and III (alpha 1) collagen mRNAs.

Collagen↗
PubMed1994

Morphological and clinical aspects of heterotopic ossification in sports. A case study.

Heterotopic ossification (HO) caused through sport injuries is a rare, clearly defined lesion. In a considerable number of cases, however, no adequate trauma can be remembered or otherwise established in the "sporting history". Differential diagnosis of this non-traumatic HO variant often presents many problems which may lead to the wrong diagnosis of sarcoma. We looked at 28 cases, in which in more than 50% a sarcoma was discussed as primary diagnosis. These difficulties arise mainly in cases where clinical features suggest a tumor, radiological changes are unspecific, and the diagnosis is based on a small biopsy sample. We demonstrate and discuss the problems involved in differential diagnosis using the history of a matchgrade sportsman as a sample. Unlike in sarcoma, patients with HO usually suffer severe pain, and well over 50% of all patients develop the disease during the 2nd or 3rd decade. Over 90% of all patients with soft tissue sarcoma, however, are over the age of 30. From the morphological point of view, the different histological pattern of HO has to be taken into account, since early stages may mimick a sarcomatous lesion. If the clinical findings suggest the presence of HO, surgical intervention including the taking of biopsy sample should be postponed, so that instead of early highly mitotic active phases more mature bone structures, which are easier to classify, will be available for evaluation. Only a profound knowledge of the different phases of HO, together with clinical and radiological features, will clarify the differential diagnostic problems of the non-traumatic variant of this lesion in sportsmen.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Isolated talus metastasis of an occult bronchial carcinoma--a rare cause for chronic foot disorders].

A case of a solitary metastatic lesion of the talus from an occult histologically confirmed bronchogenic carcinoma is reported. Clinical, radiologic, histological, and laboratory manifestations are described. Four months after complete resection of the talus and consecutive internal and external fixation of the ankle joint a below-knee amputation was done because of progressive infiltration. A review is given on reports in the literature of rare cases of solitary metastatic deposits of malignant tumors below knee and elbow. This unusual cause of foot pain should be taken into account concerning differential diagnosis in elderly patients. A mistake for a septic osteolysis is possible.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1994

[The recognition of osteofibrous dysplasia Campanacci. Morphology, radiology, clinical picture and therapy].

Radiologically osteofibrous dysplasia of the tibia is characterized by an eccentrically localized osteolytic lesion in the diaphysis with the appearance of ground glass. However, this is a very rare lesion, making a correct diagnosis difficult, especially since fibrous dysplasia and adamantinoma of the tibia have to be taken into account in the differential diagnosis of the disease. A definitive diagnosis can only be made histologically. The rather aggressive growth pattern of osteofibrous dysplasia as compared to fibrous dysplasia that has been reported in literature should not be generalized and it must be taken into consideration that surgery may be performed too early during the growth phase.

Child↗
PubMed1993

Divergent and co-localization of the two small proteoglycans decorin and proteoglycan-100 in human skeletal tissues and tumors.

The core protein of a recently described small proteoglycan, proteoglycan-100, was localized in fetal human tissues by indirect immunocytochemistry and compared with the localization of known members of the small proteoglycan family. Co-localization of decorin and proteoglycan-100 was seen in bone tissue but decorin and proteoglycan-100 exhibited a substantially divergent distribution in fetal skin, cartilage and in the mineralization zone of the growth plate. Proteoglycan-100 was also found in striated muscle, nerve fibers, and synovial tissue. Immunostaining of a chondroblastic osteosarcoma demonstrated chondroid cells selectively expressing either proteoglycan-100 or decorin. Co-expression of both small proteoglycans was observed in sections from a chordoma. In fetal bone and in the two tumors, colocalization of proteoglycan-100 and of biglycan was also found. These results provide evidence of the wide and characteristic distribution of proteoglycan-100.

Bone Neoplasms↗
PubMed1993

Noncollagenous proteins in heterotopic ossification. Immunohistochemical analysis in 15 paraplegies.

We used immunohistochemical techniques to investigate the distribution pattern of osteonectin, osteocalcin, bone sialoprotein II and the small proteoglycans decorin and PG 100 during different stages of heterotopic ossification (HO) in pressure sores of paraplegic patients. All these noncollagenous proteins (NCPs) accumulated in fibroblasts and preosteoblasts, predominantly in the activity centers of early osteogenetic areas. Mature types of HO showed a more discrete expression pattern for this protein group, with weaker reactions in the narrow osteoblastic rims. Decorin was detected predominantly in the stroma of HO. Our results indicate that the NCPs are important components during the pathogenesis of HO and that fibroblasts may serve as osteoprogenitor cells.

Adult↗