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Biomedical subjects

A Brivkalns

Publications and source records attributed to A Brivkalns.

5 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1976

Prophylactic granulocyte support in experimental septicemia.

The purpose of this study was to determine the value of prophylactic granulocyte transfusions in preventing death from sepsis. An intravenous dose of 10(9) Escherichia coli was lethal when given to granulocytopenic rats 6 days following irradiation with 750 rads. Only one of 22 irradiated animals survived the septicemia. Although normal (nonirradiated) animals experienced a transient leukopenia from this dose of organisms, it was less than LD10 for the normal host. There were no deaths in a group of animals receiving irradiation only. A group of 14 irradiated animals was given a single granulocyte transfusion 2 hr before the septic inoculum, and 57% of these animals survived (p less than 0.01). No antibiotic therapy was administered to any of these animals. Irradiated animals who received granulocytes and recovered from sepsis had earlier granulocyte reconstitution than animals irradiated but not given the septic challenge. Platelet reconstitution was the same in both groups. In the rat model, prophylactic granulocyte support of septc animals led to improved survival. It was concluded that granulocyte prophylaxis may be of value in selected patients with transient bone marrow failure who are therefore at high risk from sepsis.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Use of postpheresis plasma to improve granulocyte yields for transfusion.

Humoral factors which stimulate release of mature granulocytes from body reserves are presumed to be the mechanism through which high yields of granulocytes are obtained from donors by filtration leukopheresis. Postpheresis plasma (PPP) obtained 2 hr after leukopheresis, when infused into normal rats, induced a peak granulocytosis at 3 hr of 22,000/cu mm above controls. A substance in the nylon filters, which caused a peak granulocytosis at 4 hr of 7600/cu mm above controls, was eliminated by washing the filter with 30 volumes of saline. Injection of PPP obtained following leukopheresis with washed filters resulted in an 8000/cu mm increase in granulocytes. One milliliter of PPP given 1 hr before pheresis increased the granulocyte yield from 4.3 to 8.7 times 10-7 granulocytes in a 2-hr run. We conclude that (1) a humoral substance elaborated by the host during filtration leukopheresis induces a granulocytosis in the donor, (2) a substance in commercial leukopaks, which can be eliminated by vigorous washing of the filters, may be responsible in part for granulocytosis observed during leukopheresis, (3) PPP may be used to increase granulocyte yields in donors undergoing leukopheresis.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Viability of granulocytes obtained by filtration leukapheresis.

Nylon filtration alters the morphology of human granulocytes and slightly reduces their phagocytic ability as measured by activation of the hexose monophosphate shunt (HMS) pathway of glucose metabolism. In addition, the ability of rat granulocytes to circulate in granulocytopenic rats is reduced, and this is not attributed to HMS activation during filtration. The activation of the hexose monophosphate shunt is related to the size of the particles rather than to the nature of the material.

Animals↗