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A Buchheim

Publications and source records attributed to A Buchheim.

6 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1984

Ultrastructural correlates of electrical-chemical synaptic transmission in goldfish cranial motor nuclei.

The output connections of the cranial relay neurons, part of the Mauthner cell network, were examined in goldfish with light and electron microscopic techniques. Either lucifer yellow or horseradish peroxidase (HRP) was injected into cranial relay neuron axons to demonstrate that they diverge to several motor nuclei and to many motoneurons within one nucleus. Retrograde transport of the enzyme from injections of mandibular muscles was used to label the trigeminal motoneurons. In the electron microscope, cranial relay neuron processes were distinguished by the granular appearance of the electron-opaque polymer formed enzymatically by HRP, while the retrogradely labeled motoneurons had the polymer enclosed in lysosomes. The cranial relay neuron terminals contained many presynaptic vesicles which concentrated the HRP reaction product. Active zones and synaptic clefts were evident. At some synapses, both gap junctions and presynaptic vesicles were found. The mechanism of synaptic transmission was investigated by simultaneous recording with two intracellular microelectrodes from cranial relay neuron-motoneuron pairs. Composite postsynaptic potentials in a trigeminal motoneuron were evoked by intracellular stimulation of a cranial relay neuron axon. The earliest excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP) component had a latency of 0.25 msec and had a peak amplitude that was not depressed by repetitive stimulation. A second component had larger peak amplitudes which were reduced easily by repetitive stimulation. Antidromic action potentials were not transmitted from motoneurons to the cranial relay neuron axons. Thus, both electrical and chemical transmission probably occur at the cranial relay neuron-motoneuron synapses. Since the cranial relay neurons fire synchronously and receive excitatory chemical synapses, the function of the gap junctions and electrical transmission is unclear. Perhaps the importance of these gap junctions is more for transport of small molecules than for impulse transmission.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Diagnosis of attachment disorders].

After an introduction about the basic concepts of attachment theory the diagnostic classification systems ICD, DSM and ZERO TO THREE are reviewed for descriptions and diagnosis of attachment disorders. It is demonstrated how over the last few years attachment theory has been partly adopted in those diagnostic systems. In addition different types of clinically relevant attachment disorders are described. The authors argue that it would be necessary to integrate attachment disorders on a broader base into the current diagnostic classification systems. The diagnostic importance of attachment disorders and their impact on the technique of child psychotherapy are finally discussed.

Child↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Development, attachment and relationship: new psychoanalytical concepts].

Authors present the evolution of psychoanalytical views of how a child perceives and contruct the world. They begin with Freud's thought and go through works of Klein, Spitz, Mahler, Bowlby, ending with modern thought of Stern. Developments in understanding of the infant by observations taken through the last thirty years are outlined and implications for psychoanalytical theory and treatment of mental problems are described.

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Introduction to attachment theory and its significance for psychotherapy].

In the first part of this article we give a review of the basic concepts of attachment theory and summarize Bowlby's crucial thoughts about attachment. In the second part we introduce the traditional attachment methods with concrete cases. In this context we describe the transgenerational aspect of attachment and highlighten the bridge between infant attachment and adult attachment representation. Further we give a critical review about adult attachment measures. In the third part we consider implications of attachment theory in respect to psychopathology and psychotherapy.

Adult↗