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Biomedical subjects

A Buliková

Publications and source records attributed to A Buliková.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

[The preparation of a patient with long-term anticoagulant cumarin treatment for invasive surgery].

Coumarins belong to drugs widely used and the spectrum of their use is going to grow. From this point of view and/or because the coumarins are adminstrated in patients who are treated for the other diseases--medical or surgical--at the same time, it is necessary to modify, interrupt or replace peroral anticoagulant treatment in the dependence on various aspects. It requires to compound different algorithms for given situations solution. It is always to decide, if the situation is imperative from the view of solution planed, what risk brings proposed treatment and what is the risk of anticoagulant treatment modification.

Anticoagulants↗
PubMed2006

[Complications of heparin administration].

Heparin as an indirect anticoagulant is used in the clinical practice for more than 60 years. It is an effective drug, but it has limitations. To the side effects belong the heparin resistance, risk of bleeding (haemorrhage), hypersensitivity reactions and heparin-induced osteoporosis. The low-molecular-weight heparins exhibit fewer side effects, but it is still necessary to know about them.

Anticoagulants↗
PubMed2006

[Anticoagulant treatment failure].

Anticoagulant therapy includes unfractionated heparin and vitamin K antagonists' administration. In both of these two types of drugs a treatment failure could occur. Currently available anticoagulants have a numerous disadvantages which could be involved in causes of their malfunctioning. During every new event of the re-thrombosis it is necessary to analyse all circumstances which influence this unfavourable outcome. Firstly, cases during adequate and non-adequate therapy should be distinguished. Secondly, it is important to identify the reasons of the treatment failure. Cancer and/or antiphospholipid antibodies are the main causes of re-thrombosis during adequate therapy. The conditions, which could steer for to non-adequate anticoagulation are various, and their identification could be difficult. The most important thing in this process is the objective documentation of the re-thrombosis. More efficacious, safer, and easier to use anticoagulants are under development. Some of them could bring a problem solution for these patients who underwent anticoagulant treatment failure.

Anticoagulants↗
PubMed2004

Generation of dendritic cells using cell culture bags--description of a method and review of literature.

Anticancer immunotherapy using dendritic cell-based vaccines is a strategy aimed at the induction and maintenance of immune responses against cancer cells. Clinical applications of dendritic cells (DCs) require stringent adherence to Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) methods and rigorous standardization of DC-based vaccine preparation. Recently, closed systems for DC culture have been developed with a goal to minimize the risk of contamination. Here, we compare the yield, immunophenotype, and functional properties of DCs generated in Lifecell X-Fold culture bags and in plastic wells, both from adherence-selected monocytes, and review the current literature on closed systems for DC generation. We found that both the overall yield and the yield of CD83+ cells in cell culture bags was lower than in the standard culture method. No statistically significant differences were observed in the expression of DC immunophenotypic markers. The capability of DCs cultured in bags and in wells to induce the proliferation of allogeneic mononuclear cells were equivalent. The performance of DCs in mixed lymphocyte reaction correlated significantly (p = 0.005) with the CD83 expression but not with the CD80, CD86, HLA-DR, CD1a, and CD1c expression. We conclude that the immunophenotype and stimulatory properties of DCs cultured in closed cell culture bags are similar to those generated by conventional method using cell culture wells.

Cell Culture Techniques↗
PubMed2004

[Incidence of selected antiphospholipid antibodies in a group of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus].

Antiphospholipid antibodies (APLA) present very heterogeneous groups of antibodies which can significantly and in various ways influence processes on different levels of coagulation cascade. Their presence can be accompanied with repetitive venous and arterial thromboses, recurrent loses of foetus, and thrombocytopenia. Incidence of these thrombotic disorders was monitored in a group of 46 patients with systemic lupus erythematodes (SLE). Positive lupus anticoagulant (LA), antiphospholipid antibodies complex, and thrombocyte counts were assessed. Thrombotic disorders were assessed in a retrospective analysis. In the LA+ group 62% of patients had history of venous thromboses, 31% had history of arterial thromboses, and 18% had history of spontaneous abortions. In a group without positive LA 18% of venous thromboses (p = 0.0006) and 6% of arterial thromboses (p = 0.03) were indicated. In the assessment of spontaneous abortions no statistically significant difference was found. An average value of thrombocytes in LA+ group was 152 +/- 66 x 10(5)/l, in LA- group 223 +/- 86 x 10(5)/l, which is statistically significant difference (p < 0.05). In the assessment of thrombotic disorders in a group with combination LA+ and APA+ statistical significance was indicated only in venous thromboses (p = 0.004). We can state from the results that in thrombotic disorders which can be seen in the framework of systemic tissue disorders positive LA and APA and a range of other factors such as activity of a basic disease, associated diseases, and treatment which can aggravate thrombotic disorders of individual patients can participate.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed2003

[Hemophagocytic syndrome (case report and literature review)].

The haemophagocytic syndrome (HPS) is clinically characterized by fever, pancytopenia and hepatosplenomegaly. Usually it takes an acute course with a high mortality. The pathogenetic basis is inadequate activation of the immune system--in particular Th1-lymphocytes with subsequent overproduction of cytokines and extreme activation of macrophages with haemophagocytosis. The activated cells infiltrate organs, cause tissue damage and clinical manifestations of the syndrome. From the etiological aspect two forms exist: primary (familial) with autosomal recessive inheritance and the secondary form which forms a heterogeneous sub-group, caused as a rule by infection and/or a tumour. The prognosis seems somewhat more favourable in secondary forms. In treatment which is essentially the same for both forms, chemotherapy combined with immunosuppression proves useful, in more aggressive forms chemotherapy as used in the treatment of non-Hodgkin lymphomas. The only curative method is transplantation of haematopoietic stem cells which is also the treatment of first choice in the familial form of haemophagocytosis. In the submitted paper the authors present a review of contemporary knowledge on this treacherous and relatively rare entity. The haemopgagocytic syndrome should be always taken into account in the differential diagnosis of fever with an obscure etiology. The authors assume that the haemophagocytic syndrome is rarely considered in practice and therefore is usually inadequately diagnosed and thus not treated in time. In the conclusion the authors describe the case-records of a 26-year-old female patient with haemophagocytic syndrome which developed during pregnancy.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

[Hereditary thrombocytopenia. Differential diagnosis of a case].

Hereditary thrombocytopenias are a heterogeneous group of extremely rare diseases characterized by a reduced number of blood platelets and by bleeding tendency of variable severity. Some of these diseases are exclusive to platelets, while in others the pathology extends to other cell types. Although rare, hereditary thrombocytopenias should be considered in the diagnosis. Hereditary thrombocytopenias have been classified into three groups depending on platelet volume. Hereditary thrombocytopenias with giant platelets form one of these groups. About fourteen clinical entities of inherited giant platelet disorders have been described. Bernard-Soulier syndrome, grey platelet syndrome and May-Hegglin anomaly are the most common giant platelet thrombocytopenias. May-Hegglin anomaly is condition characterized by the triad of thrombocytopenia, giant platelets, and pale-blue inclusions in leukocytes. May-Hegglin anomaly has an autosomal-dominant mode of inheritance. We described clinical and laboratory features of three adult women from one family with recently diagnosed May-Hegglin anomaly. Described cases are probably the first observed cases of May-Hegglin anomaly in the Czech lands.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Detection of 13q abnormalities in multiple myeloma using immunomagnetically selected plasma cells.

Accurate prognostic evaluation of patients with multiple myeloma (MM) is required for their stratification for more adequate therapy. Chromosomal G-banding and interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) on cell-nonspecific samples and on myeloma cells selected by magnetic-activated cell separation (MACS) were used to study 13 samples from 12 multiple myeloma (MM) patients. Bone marrow (BM) samples were analysed using three approaches. Standard mitotic samples were prepared and analysed after G-banding. Interphase FISH was performed to detect the 13q14 deletion in unselected BM cells. In parallel, myeloma cells were selected from the BM using the CD138-specific antibody. The high-purity myeloma cell suspension was then analysed by interphase FISH for the 13q14 deletion. Magnetic separation yielded enriched myeloma cell suspensions with the mean viability of 98.0% (range: 97.0%-99.0%), and the purity of 97.6% (range: 87.2%-99.2%) as detected morphologically, and 85.2% (range: 44.8%-98.4%) as detected by immunophenotyping for CD138+ cells. Interphase FISH revealed the 13q14.3 deletion in 5 of 13 (38.5%) of cell-nonspecific samples and in 9 of 13 (69.2%) of enriched myeloma cell suspensions. In conclusion, interphase FISH on immunomagnetically selected MM cells increases the detection of the 13q14 deletion in BM samples from the patients with MM.

Cells, Cultured↗
PubMed2000

[The factor V Leiden mutation in users of hormonal contraceptives].

OBJECTIVE: To assess the frequency of factor V Leiden in oral contraceptive users and to define possible anamnestic data that could predict the presence of factor V Leiden. METHODS: Between 1997 and 1998, 583 users of oral estrogen-progestin contraceptives with no history of thrombotic disease were examined. Factor V Leiden was assessed by PCR after isolating DNA from a peripheral venous blood sample. Among other factors, such things as a family history of thromboembolic disease, myocardial infarction and/or stroke in a first-degree relative were monitored. In 448 users cardiovascular complications were evaluated during six months of oral contraceptive use. The data were analyzed using a MS Excel program. P-values were assessed by pair-tests and chi-square tests. SETTING: 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Medical Faculty, Masaryk University, Brno. RESULTS: Factor V Leiden frequency was 6.5% in the study group. There were no differences between carriers and others in age, body weight, body mass index and blood pressure. Carriers had significantly more frequently positive family histories of thromboembolic disease or myocardial infarction or stroke. There were no cardiovascular complications observed in a group of 448 users. The positive family histories of any of the above-mentioned conditions have high specificity (97-99%) and a negative predictive value (0.94) with a low sensitivity (2.6-15.8%) in predicting factor V Leiden presence. CONCLUSION: We found a relatively high incidence of Factor V Leiden among oral contraceptive users without a history of thrombotic disease. Through a positive family history of thromboembolic disease or myocardial infarction or stroke, we can predict a Factor V Leiden presence with high specificity but low sensitivity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

[Clinical findings in individuals with the factor V Leiden mutation].

Leiden mutation of the coagulation factor V is the most frequent known congenital risk factor of thrombophilia. The authors examined a group of 440 subjects with thrombosis in the case- or family-history. The mutation was found in 146. In 94 thrombotic manifestations were recorded in the case-history, five women were examined because of repeated abortions. 52.74% carriers of FVL had venous thrombosis of the lower extremities and pelvis in their case-history, 19.18% had pulmonary embolism in the case-history. In 27.40% during the initial manifestations of thrombosis no other risk factor of thrombosis was detected. In 10.27% the first thrombosis developed after an injury or operation. In 22.22% women the thrombosis was manifested during pregnancy or the puerperal period. Due to the high incidence of this defect screening of the resistance to activated protein C should be an integral part of examination of thrombophil conditions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

[Pleural effusion in plasmacytic leukemia].

Multiple myeloma affects predominantly osseous spaces and the close vicinity of bones. A plasmacellular exudate is rare. The authors describe the course of plasmacellular leukaemia in a 68-year-old female patient where the first symptom of the disease was anaemia and a dextrolateral pleural exudate with a cytological finding of plasma cells. The exudate disappeared after the first cycle of chemotherapy and intrapleural administration of cytostatic. After the third cycle of chemotherapy remission of the disease was recorded which was, however, short. After three months' remission (six months after establishment of the diagnosis) the disease exacerbated violently, the dextrolateral exudate reappeared and gradually the insufficiency of the infiltrated bone marrow increased. The patient died one month after the relapse of the disease. The finding of a plasmacellular exudate must be considered the sign of a very poor prognosis and in that case very aggressive treatment is indicated.

Aged↗