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Biomedical subjects

A Bundgaard

Publications and source records attributed to A Bundgaard.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Pretreatment of exercise-induced asthma in children using disodium cromoglycate and fenoterol inhalation powder.

The effect of pretreatment with inhalation powder containing fenoterol, sodium cromoglycate, fenoterol plus sodium cromoglycate and placebo, in the prevention of exercise-induced asthma was compared in a randomized, double-blind, cross-over investigation including 17 asthmatic children with exercise-induced asthma. Six minutes of treadmill running was carried out in a climate chamber 30 minutes after pretreatment on the four test days. The post-exercise fall in PEF after pretreatment with fenoterol was 7%, with sodium cromoglycate 20%, with fenoterol plus sodium cromoglycate 6% and after placebo 27%. Both sodium cromoglycate and fenoterol provided protection against exercise-induced asthma (p less than 0.05 and p less than 0.001). Fenoterol gave significantly better protection than sodium cromoglycate (p less than 0.001), and it is concluded that the treatment of choice for the prevention of exercise-induced asthma is the inhalation of a beta 2-agonist.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Comparison of isocapnic hyperventilation and treadmill exercise in children with exercise-induced asthma.

The degree of post-exercise airway obstruction (Exercise-Induced Asthma (EIA] in 14 children was compared to the degree of airway obstruction following isocapnic hyperventilation. EIA was provoked by 6 min of treadmill running. Isocapnic hyperventilation was performed sitting during 6 min. The total ventilation (Vtot) during the two provocations was identical. The temperature of the inspired air was also identical during the two provocations, and the relative humidity was 40% during treadmill-running and 15% during hyperventilation. The decrease in peak expiratory flow after treadmill-running was 29%. After hyperventilation a fall on 19% was seen. These figures are statistically different. It is concluded that although there is a significant difference in airway obstruction after the two provocations the ventilation is greater importance for EIA than is the work load.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Pulmonary function in patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome.

In 43 women and 3 men suffering from primary Sjögren's syndrome pulmonary function was correlated to various clinical, haematological and serological disease activity parameters. Primary Sjögren's syndrome was defined as the presence of keratoconjunctivitis sicca and xerostomia, in the absence of other well-defined chronic inflammatory connective tissue diseases. Only objective tests were used in the evaluation of the patients [2]. Total lung capacity, residual volume, vital capacity, functional residual capacity and ventilatory capacity were normal. The diffusion capacities measured for CO were significantly reduced compared with the predicted values. This indicates that pulmonary interstitial disease is a common feature of primary Sjögren's syndrome. There was a statistically significant negative correlation between reduced diffusion capacity and previous pneumonia, previous pleurisy, tiredness, dyspnoea, ESR and p-orosomucoid. No correlation was found to certain other clinical disease parameters, the duration of disease or tobacco smoking.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Cumulative dose-response study comparing terbutaline pressurized aerosol administered via a pearshaped spacer and terbutaline in a nebulized solution.

The bronchodilator effects of cumulative doses of terbutaline 0.125 mg, 0.125 mg and 0.250 mg administered as a pressurized aerosol via a pear shaped spacer were compared with those of terbutaline 1.25 mg, 1.25 mg and 2.50 mg administered as a nebulized solution via a PARI-inhaler Boy. FEV1.0 and flow-volume curves in 13 patients were measured. Initial placebo treatment of both groups resulted in a significant increase in FEV1.0, especially when it was given in nebulized form. The increase after active drug was significant after 15 min, with only minor changes during the rest of the trial. The log-dose/increase in FEV1.0 showed that equipotent doses of pressurized and nebulized terbutaline were in the ratio 1 to 4. Administration by nebulization offered no clear advantage over use of a pressurized aerosol with a pearshaped spacer.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

The effect of sodium cromoglycate delivered by Spinhaler and by pressurized aerosol on exercise-induced asthma in children.

Sixteen children completed a randomized placebo-controlled double-blind study comparing the efficacy of pre-treatment with (1) 20 mg sodium cromoglycate (SCG) powder delivered by Spinhaler, (2) 2 mg SCG delivered by pressurized aerosol and (3) placebo. The drug was administered 15 min before the 6 min of treadmill-running performed at the same time of day on 3 consecutive days in a climate chamber with a temperature of 23 degrees C and a relative humidity of 40%. All the patients, none of whom were taking systemic steroids, had shown a post-exercise fall in peak expiratory flow (PEF) of more than 15% from baseline when tested one day prior to the study. On the day with no pre-treatment the average post-exercise fall in PEF was 46% (+/- 4) (mean +/- s.e. mean). After pre-treatment with SCG powder the average fall in PEF was 21% (+/- 3), after pre-treatment with SCG aerosol the fall was 22% (+/- 3) and after placebo a post-exercise fall of 31% (+/- 5) was seen. Both forms of SCG were significantly better than pre-treatment with placebo. Comparing no pre-treatment with pre-treatment with placebo revealed a statistically significant difference (P less than 0 . 001) indicating a placebo effect. It is concluded that this study design has a marked placebo effect. Both pre-treatment with 2 mg SCG delivered by pressurized aerosol and 20 mg delivered by Spinhaler is superior to placebo in conferring protection against exercise-induced asthma (EIA). No bronchodilating effect was seen in the first 15 min after administration of the drug.

Administration, Intranasal↗
PubMed1982

Long-term treatment with oral sustained-release theophylline.

The treatment of chronic asthma with a sustained-release theophylline preparation was evaluated in a placebo controlled, 2 X 4 week, randomised, double-blind study. The dose which would give serum theophylline levels in the range of 10-20 mcg/ml had been previously determined for each patient. This individualization of dosage resulted in 80% of the patients having serum concentrations within the 10-20 mcg/ml therapeutic range. The average daily dose taken by males was 998.55 mg (range 700-1175 mg) and by females 778.1 (range 500-1000 mg). Of the 33 patients who completed the study 28 had less asthma during the theophylline period, four did not respond and one did better during the placebo period. No serious side effects were reported. During theophylline therapy, patient's requirements for aerosol bronchodilators were significantly reduced.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1982

Influence of temperature and relative humidity of inhaled gas on exercise-induced asthma.

The decrease in pulmonary function, expressed as peak expiratory flow, which is seen in some asthmatics after exercise (exercise-induced asthma (EIA)), has been studied under conditions standardized with regard to ventilation during exercise, room temperature and relative humidity of the inhaled air. Exercise was performed under four different conditions. 1) temperature (T) 15 degrees C and relative humidity (RH) 30%, and 2) T 15 degrees C and RH 70%, 3) T 30 degrees C and RH 30% and 4) T 30 degrees C and RH 70%. Treadmill running was performed on four succeeding days at the same time of day with the four different combined conditions. Identical ventilation during the exercise was secured on each day by monitoring respiratory frequency, tidal volume, minute ventilation and accumulated ventilation. A significantly smaller decrease in pulmonary function occurred when both T and RH were high, whereas the decrease in pulmonary function after exercise was identical when either temperature or relative humidity, or both, were low. It is concluded that the water concentration of the inspired air is negatively correlated to the decrease in pulmonary function after exercise in asthmatics.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Exercise-induced asthma after swimming and bicycle exercise.

Eleven adult patients with exercise-induced asthma (EIA) were subjected to swimming and bicycle exercise under controlled conditions regarding temperature and relative humidity of the inhaled air, the respiratory frequency, tidal volume, minute ventilation and the accumulated ventilation. Swimming for 6 min was performed on the first day, and the next day the patients performed bicycle exercise. On both days the temperature of the inhaled air was 23% C and the relative humidity 15%. The average accumulated ventilation for the 6 min of exercise was 404 l for bicycle exercise and 419 l for swimming. The decrease in pulmonary function was 31% after bicycle exercise and 30% after swimming. It is concluded that the stimuli for EIA are equally effective whether exercise is performed in the form of swimming or bicycling.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Exercise-induced asthma after walking, running and cycling.

Bronchial response to 6 min exercise performed as treadmill-walking, treadmill-running, ergometer bicycling and free running were compared in 11 subjects with exercise-induced asthma (EIA). The study was performed under control of air temperature and relative humidity. The three different types of exercise were performed on consecutive days, and the ventilation was monitored using pneumotachography and rating of perceived exertion (RPE). The decrease in peak expiratory flow after treadmill-running was 25.5 +/- 4.5% (mean +/- SEM), after bicycle ergometer exercise 26.0 +/- 3.0%, after treadmill-walking 26.0 +/- 3.0% and after free running 27.0 +/- 3.5%. No statistical difference in bronchial response was demonstrated between the four types of exercise. The total ventilation for the 6 min period of exercise was 421, 411 and 427 litres for treadmill-walking, treadmill-running and bicycle ergometer exercise, respectively. It is concluded that the type of work is of little importance in EIA.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Effect of physical training on peak oxygen consumption rate and exercise-induced asthma in adult asthmatics.

Sixteen adults with perennial asthma were trained for 2 months using heavy exercise. Eleven comparable subjects performing light exercise with the same frequency and duration served as controls. After the training the peak oxygen consumption rate (Vo2max) was increased by 10% (P = 0.02) in the heavily trained group, whereas no significant change was observed in the control group. The difference in Vo2max between males and females averaged 20% and is thus of the same magnitude as found in healthy subjects. An exercise-induced asthma (EIA) test comprising 6 min of free running was carried out in all participants in both training groups before and after the training period. The post-exercise decrease in pulmonary function assessed by peak expiratory flow (PEF) was 36 + 4% (mean +/- SEM) before heavy training and 33 +/- 2% after two months of training (paired t-test: P = 0.18); for the control group the decrease was 40 +/- 6% and 40 +/- 7% (P = 0.22), respectively, at the pre- and post-training investigation. It is concluded that physical training may increase the Vo2max in asthmatic patients by the same amount as in normal subjects, whereas no influence on the degree of EIA could be detected.

Adolescent↗