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Biomedical subjects

A C Eaton

Publications and source records attributed to A C Eaton.

11 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2002

The provision of transurethral prostatectomy on a day-case basis using bipolar plasma kinetic technology.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate, in a prospective study, the potential for providing elective transurethral prostatectomy on a day-case basis, using new bipolar electrosurgical technology. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Forty men with confirmed bladder outlet obstruction caused by benign prostatic enlargement underwent plasma kinetic vaporization of the prostate (PKVP) in the Day Surgery Unit; they were scheduled to be discharged on the day of surgery with an indwelling catheter, returning for a trial removal of the catheter at 48 h, and followed up at 2 and 4 months after surgery. RESULTS: Thirty-four (85%) of the 40 patients were able to return home on the day of surgery. All patients, including the six who failed to return home as a day-case, successfully voided at 48 h; 78% felt the procedure was acceptable on a day-case basis. At 4 months the mean improvement in the International Prostate Symptom Score and Quality of Life score were 64% and 84%, respectively. The mean improvement in flow rate was 200-250%. CONCLUSION: PKVP effectively relieves prostatic obstruction, at least in the short-term (a longer term follow-up is required). The procedure can be delivered safely on a day-case basis and was very acceptable to the patients.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Transfusion requirements for craniosynostosis surgery in infants.

Retrospective review of the records of 73 consecutive young children who underwent craniosynostosis surgery between 1978 and 1992 in one center was conducted to determine transfusion requirements, to document morbidity, and to identify causative variables associated with transfusion. Operative age and weight, affected suture(s), craniofacial surgeon, neurosurgeon, anesthesiologist, preoperative and postoperative hematocrit, and transfusion volumes of blood and crystalline products were recoded. Transfusion volumes were converted to percent estimated red cell mass for analysis. Affected sutures were unicoronal (22), sagittal (17), bicoronal (11), multiple (11), metopic (10), and lambdoid (2). Mean operative age was 6.4 months. Mean preoperative hematocrit was 34 percent. Eighty percent of patients were discharged with hematocrit of 29 percent or greater. Discharge hematocrit was unrelated to year of surgery. Mean intraoperative transfusion was 72.1 +/- 56.6 percent estimated red cell mass. Transfusions differed statistically among suture(s), neurosurgeons, and anesthesiologists. Extensive cranio-orbital surgery for synostosis in young children does not produce excessive hemorrhage or transfusion morbidity. The anesthesiologist and neurosurgeon may be equally or more important than the affected suture(s) as causal variables in transfusion.

Blood Loss, Surgical↗
PubMed1994

Does reduced hospital stay affect morbidity and mortality rates following cleft lip and palate repair in infancy?

Insurance carriers affected decisions regarding admissions and length of stay in our hospital in 1987. Charts were reviewed retrospectively to determine whether this affected morbidity and mortality rates following cleft lip and palate operations in infants. Two periods were studied: May of 1983 through April of 1987 (group I) and April of 1987 through May of 1991 (group II). A total of 248 infants with cleft lip and/or palate underwent 398 operations: lip adhesion (74), definitive lip repair (130), and palatoplasty (194). Half were performed in each period. Admission status, length of stay, length of operation, and short-term morbidity were documented. Morbidity included spontaneous and traumatic lip dehiscence, palatal dehiscence, and palatal fistula. Intergroup analysis was performed by the chi-squared method; p < or = 0.05 was statistically significant. In group I, 93 percent of patients were admitted before surgery. In group II, 5 percent were admitted before surgery and 79 percent the day of surgery. Hospital stay decreased nearly 2 days for each operation. There was no statistically significant difference between groups in distribution of operations, length of operations, or morbidity: lip surgery complications (p = 0.263), palatoplasty complications (p = 0.624). Reductions of hospital admissions and length of stay do not affect outcome of cleft lip and palate surgery in infants. The reduction in hospital days is equivalent to a savings of $138,000 (1991 dollars).

Ambulatory Surgical Procedures↗
PubMed1983

Cyproterone acetate in treatment of post-orchidectomy hot flushes. Double-blind cross-over trial.

12 patients with troublesome hot flushes after orchidectomy (as a primary treatment for prostatic carcinoma) were treated with cyproterone acetate or placebo in a double-blind cross-over trial. The frequency of hot flushes was significantly reduced during the three weeks that cyproterone acetate (100 mg three times a day) was given. 5 patients complained of lassitude while on cyproterone acetate, but in none was it necessary to discontinue treatment.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Observations in micturating cystourethrography.

Combined studies of micturating cystourethrography (MCU), bladder pressure and urinary flow rate measurements (urodynamic studies) have been analysed in 1584 adult patients of both sexes. The combined study is called a videocystometrogram (VCM). The simple MCU is satisfactory for demonstrating vesicoureteric reflux, but in the investigation of other problems of the lower urinary tract in adults, conclusions based on the MCU alone can be misleading. It is recommended that if the MCU is performed at all in the investigation of adult incontinence and suspected urinary outflow obstruction, it should be combined with a urodynamic study. This increases the examination time by about 50% but greatly improves the diagnostic accuracy, especially in establishing whether surgery is indicated or inappropriate.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

An in vitro physiological study of normal and unstable human detrusor muscle.

A systematic in vitro physiological study of isolated human detrusor muscle strips is reported. Detrusor strips were obtained at operation. Pre-operative urodynamic studies enabled specimens to be classified as normal or unstable. Comparisons were made between responses of normal and unstable detrusor strips. The results provide evidence of a previously undescribed feedback-loop operating via pre-synaptic alpha-adrenoceptors which controls detrusor contractility. Further evidence is provided suggesting that an imbalance in this system is present in unstable detrusor muscle.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1981

Emergency surgery for acute colonic haemorrhage--a retrospective study.

This paper reports a retrospective study of 28 patients undergoing emergency laparotomy and colonic resection for acute colonic haemorrhage out of a total of 292 patients admitted with the condition. The paper concludes that in those cases where the bleeding site cannot be accurately localized angiographically prior to laparotomy, the preferred surgical procedure should be total abdominal colectomy with ileoproctostomy as more limited colonic resection leads to an unacceptably high morbidity and mortality.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1981

The safety of transrectal biopsy of the prostate as an out-patient investigation.

The complications following transrectal prostatic biopsy are reviewed in 150 patients. The most frequent complications were urinary infection and pyrexia. A prospective study within the reported series demonstrated a high incidence of bacteriaemia following biopsy. The results suggest that transrectal prostatic biopsy may be performed safely as an out-patient procedure without the use of prophylactic antibiotics, although antibiotic therapy may be indicated when complications do arise.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

A controlled trial to evaluate and compare a sutureless skin closure technique (Op-Site skin closure) with conventional skin suturing and clipping in abdominal surgery.

Sutureless wound closure employing a new product, Op-Site Skin Closure, was evaluated in comparison with two standard techniques of skin closure, using interrupted nylon sutures and Michel clips. The trial involved 110 patients undergoing elective and emergency abdominal surgery. The results showed that Op-Site Skin Closure was as good as the conventional techniques of skin closure with the advantages that it is easier and quicker to apply, produces a superior cosmetic result and, consequently, has gained excellent patient and nurse acceptance.

Abdomen↗