Elevated magnesium excretion in hydronephrotic kidneys.
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to A C Kinn.
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The aggravated course during pregnancy of previously moderate hydronephrosis due to functional obstruction at the pelvi-ureteral junction is described. One patient underwent nephrectomy after parturition, because of severe hematuria, while another woman had a percutaneous nephrostomy in late pregnancy but could complete her pregnancy without further renal damage.
44 patients with idiopathic hydronephrosis underwent intrapelvic pressure flow studies. An increased basal pressure and an increased pressure during flow loading were found compared with the findings in 10 control kidneys. The method is relatively easy to perform and has few complications. It may be of value in determining the degree of obstruction in equivocal cases of dilated pelvis.
Comparisons were made between 15 cases of squamous cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis and 27 cases of transitional cell carcinoma. The frequencies of calculosis and infection of the urinary tract were higher in the squamous cell group. These patients were somewhat older than the patients with transitional cell carcinoma and had a much poorer prognosis. Only five of them survived for a year and only one was still alive after five years. Squamous cell carcinoma generally occurred as a single tumour. The urothelial carcinomas showed the recognized tendency to multiplicity. Cytologic examination of the urine may be helpful in establishing the diagnosis. Monitoring of patients with renal pelvic calculi should include regular cytologic examination of the urine, in the hope that squamous cell tumours of the urinary tract will be detected at an early stage.
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The course of polyarteritis nodosa in a patient showing an isolated nodule localized to the glans penis is described. The underlying disease was not recognised and the patient was wrongly thought to have a penile cancer. Treatment with radiotherapy and Bleomycin had no effect and he subsequently died in uraemia. Postmortem examination revealed polyarteritis nodosa involving the kidneys and also causing localized changes to the glans penis.
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A 34-year-old man was found to have rectal adenocarcinoma 4 years after diagnosis of mesenteric fibromatosis. Radical excision of the fibromatosis was not feasible and the fibromatous infiltration slowly progressed retroperitoneally, obstructing ureters and colon. Patients with abdominal fibromatosis may be at a risk of developing colonic carcinoma due to coexisting colonic adenomatosis.