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Biomedical subjects

A C Mehta

Publications and source records attributed to A C Mehta.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Urinary estrone glucuronide, pregnanediol glucuronide and human chorionic gonadotrophin in threatened abortion.

Estimations of urinary estrone glucuronide, pregnanediol glucuronide and human chorionic gonadotrophin were carried out by ELISA to see their potential in predicting an abnormal outcome in cases with vaginal bleeding in early pregnancy. Reference values were set up with samples from women without bleeding in present or past pregnancies and with normal ultrasonic findings. None of the parameters were found to be sensitive enough to predict an abnormal outcome. However, predictability of an abnormal value was found to be 95% for estrone-3-glucuronide (E1G), 93% for pregnanediol glucuronide (PdG) and 87% for human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG).

Abortion, Missed↗
PubMed1988

A multivariate analysis of risk factors for pneumonia following cardiac transplantation.

Fifty cardiac transplant recipients were followed over a 34-month period for evidence of pneumonia that developed in twelve patients. Potential risk factors evaluated fell into three categories: demographic (age, sex, race, and underlying cardiac disease); pretransplant status (hospitalized, intubated, pulmonary infiltrate, requirement for antibiotics, or the need for a ventricular assist device); and posttransplant therapy (amount and type of blood products, prolonged endotracheal intubation or reintubation, use of ventricular assist devices, immunosuppressive protocols, lymphocyte subset ratios, and occurrence of rejection, leukopenia, or CMV infection). The Cox proportional hazards model identified posttransplant reintubation (P = 0.009) and the use of protocols employing larger steroid dosages (P = 0.02) as significant risk factors for pneumonia. In a separate analysis, the occurrence of pneumonia was shown to be a significant risk factor for mortality (P = 0.018).

Heart Transplantation↗
PubMed1988

Captopril-induced cough.

Since the advent of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (captopril and enalapril), cough has been recognized sporadically as a side effect, but has received little attention in the pulmonary literature. To emphasize that angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors should be considered among possible etiologies of cough, we report recent experience with two patients and review the available experience with ACE inhibitor-induced cough.

Captopril↗
PubMed1988

Survival experience following Nd:YAG laser photoresection for primary bronchogenic carcinoma.

We followed the course of 47 consecutive patients with inoperable primary bronchogenic carcinoma who underwent palliative neodymium-yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser photoresection (YPR) between September 1983 and September 1986. Of these 47, 35 (74.5 percent) underwent both radiation therapy (XRT) and YPR. The survival of these 35 patients (median survival, 304 days) was compared with that of 58 who underwent only palliative palliative XRT (median survival, 253 days) from 1981 to 1983, when YPR was not yet available at our institution. There was no significant difference in overall survival (p = 0.17). A significant increase in survival (p = 0.04) was seen in 15 patients who underwent emergency palliative YPR as the initial therapeutic intervention compared with 11 patients who received emergency palliative XRT but would have received YPR had it been available at that time. A trend toward increased survival was also shown in patients who underwent endobronchial radiation therapy in addition to YPR and XRT.

Carcinoma, Bronchogenic↗
PubMed1987

Gorham's syndrome: a case report and review of the literature.

Gorham's syndrome is a rare disorder involving a proliferation of vascular channels associated with extensive loss of bony matrix. A case report is presented with a review of the 97 previously reported cases. The age of patients at presentation has ranged from less than one to 75 years (mean: 27 years). Sixty-four percent have been men. Fifty-seven percent have had a history of prior trauma. Laboratory values for systemic measures have usually been normal. The disease usually arrests spontaneously, but this is unpredictable. Sixteen patients (16 percent) have died of the disorder, with 10 deaths due to chest wall involvement, three to spinal cord transection, two to sepsis, and one to asphyxia and aspiration. Although the mechanism of bone loss is unknown, osteoclasts were focally increased in the case described herein. Further information and investigation are needed to better understand this unusual disorder.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Pulmonary artery agenesis presenting as massive hemoptysis--a case report.

Massive hemoptysis is the expectoration of approximately 600 ml of blood in twenty-four hours. Major causes of massive hemoptysis are tuberculosis, bronchiectasis, pulmonary neoplasm, fungus ball, bronchial adenomas, lung abscess, intrabronchial rupture of an aortic aneurysm, cystic fibrosis, pulmonary infarction, and pulmonary trauma. Other, less common causes include Goodpasture's syndrome, broncholiths, pulmonary varix, A-V malformation, and bleeding disorders. Agenesis of the pulmonary artery usually occurs in association with congenital cardiac anomalies, and isolated unilateral absence of the pulmonary artery is uncommon. About 10% of the patients with pulmonary artery agenesis develop inconsequential hemoptysis, but massive hemoptysis is a very rare complication of this anomaly. The following is a case report of a twenty-nine-year-old man with agenesis of the left pulmonary artery, who presented with massive hemoptysis requiring embolization and, eventually, pneumonectomy.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Planning and management of long-standing tracheostomy.

Long-term effects of tracheostomy can include structural changes in the anterior tracheal wall and larynx as a result of pressure, friction, and deformation by the relationship between the curved cannula, the trachea, the larynx, and the upper border of the sternum. High-placed stoma, flexed cervical position, and short, obese necks are predisposing anatomic relationships. In some long-standing tracheostomies, progressive erosion of the upper anterior tracheal wall and cricoid arch is observed, often with secondary subglottic stenosis. No discussion of measures to prevent or correct these problems was found in a review of the literature. This article discusses surgical techniques to (1) prevent laryngotracheal erosion and (2) repair and reconstruct an airway that is already damaged. A superiorly based tracheostomy flap and a muscular sling are designed to buttress the tracheostomy. Results and follow-up are also reported.

Follow-Up Studies↗
PubMed1987

Biopsy excision through a fiberoptic bronchoscope in the palliative management of airway obstruction.

Simple biopsy resection through the rigid bronchoscope has been described in the past. We successfully performed such resection through a flexible bronchoscope in six patients with symptomatic and relatively less vascular lesions without complications. In selected patients simple biopsy resection of endobronchial lesion can be safely performed through flexible bronchoscope.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1986

The safety of outpatient transbronchial biopsy.

Fiberoptic bronchoscopy (FOB) is an accepted outpatient procedure, but transbronchial biopsy (TBB) is generally reserved for hospitalized patients. Over a three-year period, we performed fluoroscopically guided TBB in 148 of 688 outpatients undergoing FOB. Following the procedure, fluoroscopy was used to screen for possible pneumothorax in those patients who had had TBB. All patients were observed for one hour and then discharged if stable. Three patients (2.02 percent) were admitted and observed for acute hemoptysis following TBB. Bleeding ceased spontaneously in each. The remaining 145 patients were discharged after one hour of observation. One patient (0.68 percent) required Heimlich tube treatment for a delayed pneumothorax. Our experience indicates a low incidence of delayed complications in patients who are asymptomatic for one hour following TBB. We conclude that patients do not require hospitalization solely for TBB.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Buccal and oral drugs: induction of labour.

A total number of 154 pregnant patients were treated with one of 3 buccal/oral preparations (Pitocin, Sandopart buccal tablets of 200 and 50 IU of oxytocin, resp., and Prostin oral tablet of 0.5 mg PGE2) in order to induce labour. Standardization of the cases was done on the basis of Bishop score, parity, success of induction and dose schedules. Gestational ages varied from 37 to 42 weeks. The criterion of successful induction was establishment of labour with at least 5 cm cervical dilatation by 12 hours. All the three drugs gave equally good results and comparable that of oxytocin drip. Vaginal delivery rates were for Pitocin, Sandopart, and Prostin 94.4, 96.7 and 91.9 per cent, respectively. In none of the cases were in serious danger either mother or foetus, therefore oral and buccal drugs are recommended for induction of labour, wherever favourable cervical maturity is established, with remarkable convenience to the patients.

Administration, Oral↗