Forensic pharmacognosy-poisoning with plants.
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to A C Moffat.
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A delta 9-THC metabolite has been identified in human urine as an ester linked glucuronide of delta 9-THC-11-oic acid. Its identity was established by a comparison of mass spectra from the metabolite extracted from human urine and synthetically prepared material. delta 9-THC-11-oic acid glucuronide was found to be responsible for the major part of RIA cross-reactivity in urine with the Guildhay cannabinoid antiserum used in this study.
A high-performance liquid chromatography-radioimmunoassay method for the measurement of cannabinoids in urine is described. The method involves chromatographing a hydrolysed urine sample with high-performance liquid chromatography and quantifying the eluting cross-reacting cannabinoids with radioimmunoassay. It has been applied to the analysis of cannabinoids in human urine obtained from subjects who had smoked delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol and the identities of some of the cross-reacting cannabinoids have been established by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The method is suitable for use as a routine procedure for cannabinoid analysis in urine.
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In toxicological analyses some chromatographic separations are more important than others. Two weighting methods for chromatographic data are described which incorporate the importance of particular separations into discriminating power calculations. The data were abstracted from a publication on the separations of acidic drugs on thin-layer chromatographic systems. When compared with non-weighted discriminating power calculations, those obtained with the weighting procedure did not give any advantage.
The efficiencies of fifteen thin-layer silica gel chromatographic systems for separating commonly encountered neutral drugs are compared. The discriminating powers of the systems are measured both individually and in combination. Chloroform-acetone (4:1) is found to be the best system. The combination of the ethyl acetate-methanol-ammonia (85:10:5) system with this gives the best pair of systems. A suitable sequence of spray reagents is also suggested. The chloroform-acetone (4:1) system is recommended as the best system to use when screening for both acidic and neutral drugs.
The efficiencies of fifteen thin-layer silica gel chromatographic systems in separating commonly encountered acidic drugs are compared. The discriminating powers of the systems are measured both individually and in combination. Ethyl acetate and chloroform-methanol (9:1) are found to be the two best systems. The combination of the ethyl acetate-methanol-ammonia (85:10:5) system with either of these gives the best pair of systems. Various sequences of spray reagents are also examined.