Biomedical subjects
A C Strafuss
Publications and source records attributed to A C Strafuss.
Analysis of postmortem canine blood, cerebrospinal fluid, and vitreous humor.
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Postmortem sera and cerebrospinal fluid enzymes.
Antemortem and postmortem sera from 60 dogs were evaluated for lipase, amylase, alkaline phosphatase, gamma-glutamyltransferase, and alanine aminotransferase (AAT); cerebrospinal fluid was examined for AAT and alkaline phosphatase. The postmortem intervals were 3, 6, 12, 24, and 48 h at temperatures of 4, 20, and 37 degrees C. Amylase levels remained stable at 4 and 20 degrees C and may be beneficial for diagnosing pancreatitis. Lipase levels may be useful as an adjunct to amylase values. Serum alkaline phosphatase values increased with postmortem interval; values were higher at 37 degrees C than at 4 degrees C. Other enzymes were of little value for diagnosis.
Postmortem biochemical changes in canine cerebrospinal fluid.
Time and temperature effects on postmortem cerebrospinal fluid samples from 60 adult mongrel dogs were studied. After death the dogs were held at 4, 20, or 37 degrees C for intervals of 3, 6, 12, 24, or 48 h. Antemortem and postmortem cerebrospinal fluid was evaluated for sodium, chloride, potassium, urea nitrogen, glucose, creatinine, calcium, phosphorus, and carbon dioxide. Sodium and urea nitrogen values remained stable. Chloride may be of forensic science value. Low levels of postmortem calcium might indicate antemortem hypocalcemia; high levels of postmortem glucose may indicate antemortem hyperglycemia. Calcium and creatinine levels increased slightly but continually after death; carbon dioxide values dropped.
Postmortem biochemical changes in canine blood.
Antemortem and postmortem blood samples from 60 dogs were evaluated for sodium, chloride, potassium, urea nitrogen, glucose, creatinine, calcium, phosphorus, total protein, albumin, and carbon dioxide levels. Temperatures were 4, 20 and 37 degrees C. Postmortem intervals were 3, 6, 12, and 48 h. Blood urea nitrogen, calcium, and protein values remained stable after death, indicating diagnostic significance. Potassium, creatinine, and phosphorus levels increased with time and sodium, chloride, and total carbon dioxide levels decreased with time; therefore, determining these chemical values could be beneficial in estimating time of death. Glucose values were of limited value.
Postmortem biochemical changes in canine vitreous humor.
Time and temperature effects on postmortem vitreous humor from 60 adult mongrel dogs were studied. After death the dogs were held at 4, 20, or 37 degrees C for intervals of 3, 6, 12, 24, or 48 h. Antemortem and postmortem vitreous was analyzed for sodium, chloride, potassium, urea nitrogen, glucose, and creatinine. Potassium levels rose with increases in temperature and time. Sodium, chloride, and urea nitrogen values were stable at 4 degrees C for 48 h; they were less stable at higher temperatures. Glucose dropped to less than half within 3 h at all temperatures. Creatinine values were inconsistent. In that postmortem glucose and sodium levels remained below antemortem levels, diagnosis of hyperglycemia and hypernatremia should be possible. Consequently, a diagnosis of hypoglycemia could not be supported; the diagnosis of hyponatremia could be made in the early postmortem period.
Determining time of death of a dog by analyzing blood, cerebrospinal fluid, and vitreous humor collected at postmortem.
Blood, cerebrospinal fluid, and vitreous humor collected at antemortem and postmortem from 60 dogs were analyzed to determine what chemical value may be used for estimating time of death. Euthanatized dogs were maintained at 4 C, 20 C, or 37 C for 3, 6, 12, 24, or 48 hours. At postmortem, vitreous humor potassium values increased with increased time and increased temperature. Cerebrospinal fluid chloride values decreased; potassium and phosphorus values increased markedly, and calcium and creatinine values increased slightly. Blood potassium, phosphorus, and creatinine values increased; sodium and chloride values decreased. Within 6 hours after death, blood carbon dioxide values decreased to a quarter of values determined at antemortem.
Animal model of human disease: intrarenal obstructive uropathy with proximal ectasia, cystic kidney disease.
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Scanning electron microscopy of nerve sheath neoplasms.
Neurofibromas and schwannomas were clearly differentiable by scanning electron microscopy of thin microscopic sections. Neurofibromas exhibited ordered laminations of collagen with scattered fibroblast-like cells interspersed. Schwannomas contained proliferations of smooth tube-forming cells. These neoplastic characteristics were compared with cellular characteristics of normal nerve sheaths to determine the cell of origin in each neoplasm.
Cryptosporidiosis in three pigs.
Coccidia of the genus Cryptosporidium were found at necropsy in 3 pigs. The organisms were embedded in the microvillous border of crypt epithelial cells of the large intestine. Mild inflammation was associated with the infection but without clinical signs of enteritis.
Sebaceous gland adenomas in dogs.
In a review of neoplasm registry records at Kansas State University (1961 through 1971), 162 sebaceous gland adenomas were reported in 31 breeds of dogs, representing 5.0% of 3,240 neoplasms recorded. Mean age of the affected dogs was 9.5 years. Females accounted for 56.1% of the recorded sebaceous gland adenomas. The tumors were removed surgically for biopsy in all dogs; 24 dogs had multiple concurrent skin neoplasms of a different cell type, and 7 dogs had recurrence of sebaceous gland adenomas, without metastases, and required further surgery. The skin of the hindquarters, abdomen, and thorax was a principal site (54%) of the sebaceous gland adenomas.
Adenocarcinoma in the duodenum and vertebrae in a dog.
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Basal cell tumors in dogs.
In a review of neoplasm registry records at Kansas State University (1961 through 1971), 140 basal cell tumors were reported in 32 breeds of dogs, representing 4.3% of 3,230 neoplasms recorded. Mean age of the affected dogs was 6.4 years. The tumors were removed surgically for biopsy in all dogs, 10 of which then had recurrences without metastasis, and required further surgery. The head, neck, and shoulder were a principal site (61%) of basal cell tumors in the dog.
Sebaceous gland carcinoma in dogs.
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Squamous cell carcinoma in dogs.
In a review of neoplasm registry records at Kansas State University (1961 through 1971), 112 squamous cell carcinomas were reported in 38 breeds of dogs, representing 3.2% of 3,481 neoplasms recorded. Mean age of the affected dogs was 8.3 years. Metastases occurred in 7 dogs. The tumors were removed surgically for biopsy in 104 dogs, 8 of which then had recurrences and required further surgery. The oral cavity was the principal site (18%) of squamous cell carcinomas in the 112 dogs.
Squamous cell carcinoma in horses.
In a review of neoplasm registry records at Kansas State University (1961 through 1971), 58 squamous cell carcinomas were reported in 10 breeds of horses. Mean age of the affected horses was 12.4 years. The head, eye and ocular adnexa accounted for 43.1%, the external male genitalia, 44.8%, and female perineal region, 12.0% of the squamous cell carcinomas, altogether representing 20.2% of 287 neoplasms recorded.
Scanning electron microscopy of the lesions of swine dysentery.
Thirty weanling pigs were examined by scanning electron microscopy at various time intervals after oral inoculation with crude colon contents from pigs affected with dysentery. The earliest recognizable change was a corrugated appearance of the mucosal surface of the large intestine. Large spirochetes, morphologically similar to Treponema hyodysenteriae, were first observed within the crypts of Lieberkühn where they seemed to proliferate onto the luminal surface. Then mucus, fibrin, erythrocytes, and disrupted epithelium appeared. Large spirochetes were always abundant in those lesions, but variable numbers of other mixed bacterial forms were also present. The earliest changes could be correlated with the appearance of large spirochetes in the feces and with early clinical signs, but not with a specific postinoculation time. Once bloody diarrhea was present, no consistent pattern was observed in development, location, or form of the lesions. With time, the lesions merely came to involve an increasingly greater surface area of the large intestine.