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Biomedical subjects

A Callahan

Publications and source records attributed to A Callahan.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

Blepharospasm.

Blepharospasm is a cranial nerve dysfunction in which involuntary and uncontrollable forcible lid closure occurs. Surgical treatment is far from ideal, but the condition can be improved by sectioning the branches of the facial nerve plexus which supply the orbicularis oculi, the frontalis and corrugator muscles, and the midfacial muscles. Not all patients with blepharospasm should be operated upon, since they may expect too much or may enjoy the attention their invalidism has given them. Ectropion of one or both lower lids may occur, and the most severe of all complications is recurrence. This may happen despite a careful microscopic search for the nerve fibers and their division and avulsion. Blepharospasm patients often require considerable psychological support.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Correction of entropion from Stevens-Johnson syndrome: use of nasal septum and mucosa for severely cicatrized eyelid entropion.

The resistant entropion, especially of the upper lid, that results from the persistent contraction of the conjunctiva after Stevens-Johnson syndrome is difficult to correct. Grafts of buccal mucosa have relieved this condition for only a few weeks or months. Because of the rigidity of the nasal septum, a sector of this structure, with the perichondrium and mucosa intact on one side, has been grafted into the posterior layer of the upper lid at the margin to turn the lashes and skin away from the globe. For more than two years postoperatively, this graft of septal mucosa has relieved patients of their entropion, and from all indications this correction will be permanent.

Conjunctiva↗
PubMed1976

Reconstruction of the eyelids with cartilage and mucosa from the nasal septum.

Four examples are shown of lid reconstruction using grafts from the septum mucosa and pedicle flaps. These examples provide adequate data for the use of this technique in almost any major lid reconstruction procedure. The fifth case illustrates the exception; a wide pedicle is rotated in from the temporal region to construct the lower lid and the lower lid is transferred to act as the upper lid. The posterior surface of the buccal mucosa is adequate for this last procedure.

Aged↗
PubMed1975

Massive orbital invasion by small malignant lesions.

In diagnosing and treating small malignant lesions of the eyelids, physicians should be alert for possible extension of the cancer into the orbit, endangering not only the patient's sight but his life as well. Important signs and symptoms include bone thickening, disturbances of ocular motility, intermittent epiphora, and positive results of radiologic studies. From histopathologic study of the resected carcinomatous tissues, it is apparent that the creeping, cicatrizing, ulcerated, and invasive patterns of basal cell carcinoma predominate in this group of eyelid tumors, all of which are aggressive lesions; however, the histologic type is quite variable and no definite trends can be established.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Correction of facial contour deformities resulting from loss of soft tissue or bone.

Two methods of recovering normal contour of the orbit are presented in which ocularists and ophthalmologists equally participate. One method is for correction of the deep supratarsal retraction following soft tissue atrophy; the other technique is indicated when there has been loss of or major displacement of bone of the orbital rim. Frequently, these two techniques must be used concomitantly in complex reconstructive cases.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A profile of patients with intractable blepharospasm.

Of those patients seeking surgical correction for intractable blepharopasm, the spasm was more commonly bilateral than unilateral by a ratio of about 7:1 and the bilateral form was more common in women than men by a ratio of about 3:1. The unilateral disease had an equal sex incidence. The disease seemed to be the same in men and women. The median age of onset was 59 years old, and the median interval between onset of symptoms and surgery was three years. Most of these patients had seen many physicians, and all prior medical and surgical treatments had been unsuccessful.

Adult↗