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Biomedical subjects

A Castot

Publications and source records attributed to A Castot.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[Evaluation of unexpected and toxic effects of omeprazole (Mopral) reported to the regional centers of pharmacovigilance during the first 22 postmarketing months].

Omeprazole has been marketed in France since 1989, for the healing of peptic ulcers, erosive reflux esophagitis and the Zollinger Ellison syndrome. It is a proton pump inhibitor which inhibits the acid secretion in the stomach. In the majority of the clinical trials, omeprazole has been found to be well tolerated: headache, dizziness, skin rash, constipation have just been noted. Since September 1989, 143 adverse reactions have been reported to pharmacovigilance centres and Astra France: 37 neurological and psychiatric side effects, especially confusion in patients with hepatic diseases and/or advanced age; 35 cutaneous reactions, generally rash and urticaria; 22 hematological effects: leucopenia and agranulocytosis have been reported but the relation with omeprazole is very uncertain; 10 gastrointestinal effects, generally diarrhoea, nausea, vomiting and abdominal pain; 8 hepatic disorders, especially moderate elevation of aminotransferases. This study confirms the safety of this drug, during short treatment; the frequency of notified adverse effects is about 1/12 200 treatments of 4 weeks. The ministry of health, has decided, in november 1991, to inform the prescribers of this potential toxicity of omeprazole, particularly, of the risk of confusion, hepatotoxicity and leucopenia.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Acute toxicity of zidovudine. Analysis of the literature and number of cases at the Paris Poison Control Center].

13 cases of zidovudine overdosage have been previously published; 30 have been notified to Paris Control Poison Centre up to January 1991. This analysis shows that acute toxicity appears infrequent and mild when ingested dose is lower than 25 gr. However it appears from this series that an haematologic monitoring is needed because of the risk of myelosuppression.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Hypersensitivity to glucocorticoids: reflections on a published case report sample].

Hypersensitivity reactions associated with glucocorticoid treatment are rare but well known; the purpose of this study was to identify the responsible constituent (the excipient or the glucocorticoid). 32 cases published from 1970 have been analysed. In 75 per cent of cases, the patients received the glucocorticoid (hydrocortisone and methylprednisolone principally) by the intravenous route. Clinical manifestations reported were respiratory or cutaneous, with a short interval to onset. Skin tests were performed in 20 patients, but cutaneous challenge identified an agent responsible for hypersensitivity in only three cases. The heterogeneity of the test results in these 32 cases makes it difficult to identify a unifying explanation for the reactions, or propose a therapeutic schedule.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Acute methotrexate poisoning: apropos of 16 cases reported to the Paris Poison Control Center and review of the literature].

16 cases of acute methotrexate (MTX) poisoning were reported to the Paris Poison Control Centre and 62 others were published between 1974 and 1995. Until 1992, MTX was mainly prescribed for neoplastic diseases. Clinical features involve acute renal failure, pancytopenia, and cutaneous or mucous injury. These cases emphasise major risk factors responsible for misuse and overdosage. Since 1992, MTX has been increasingly used in rheumatological or pulmonary diseases (rheumatoid arthritis, steroid-dependent asthma). Most of the overdosages were due to a medical misuse (in the dosage regimen or a misunderstanding of the prescription by nurse, pharmacist or patient). All patients had a bone marrow suppression. The treatment is based especially on early administration of folinic acid rescue.

Acute Disease↗