Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to A Cavalieri.
We measure transient strain in ultrafast laser-excited Ge by time-resolved x-ray anomalous transmission. The development of the coherent strain pulse is dominated by rapid ambipolar diffusion. This pulse extends considerably longer than the laser penetration depth because the plasma initially propagates faster than the acoustic modes. X-ray diffraction simulations are in agreement with the observed dynamics.
The aim of this study is to evaluate a simple and effective method of acquiring epidemiological information about epilepsy. Data on antiepileptic drug prescriptions was collected, the utilization pattern being based on defined daily doses (DDDs). Antiepileptic drugs are epidemiological tracers of epilepsy due to their chronic and highly specific usage. Consequently, a prevalence rate for the whole population may be obtained by using DDDs. Data on antiepileptic drug prescriptions for a period of 6 months in 1992 and 6 months in 1993 indicate a utilization of approximately 7 DDDs of antiepileptic drugs per 1,000 inhabitants. The prevalence of epilepsy was estimated by correcting the exposure calculated in DDDs by a factor of 0.68. In our sample, the prevalence of the disease was 5.2 per 1,000 inhabitants in 1992 and 4.9 per 1,000 in 1993. Physician prescriptions were concentrated on four compounds, namely phenobarbital, carbamazepine, valproic acid and phenytoin, which together represented 90% of total antiepileptic drug prescriptions.
Primary amyloidosis is usually a progressive disease involving many organs. The heart is frequently affected and almost 30 per cent of the patients have congestive heart failure. Cardiac arrhythmias are also common. We report a case of sudden cardiac death in a patient with primary amyloidosis.
The electrophoretic behavior of several aquatic vertebrates species is reported in order to verify if fish cell membrane composition different from human one, can affect electrophoretic behavior of fish red blood cells. In fact it's known that the mobility of a particle under the influence of an electric current appears to depend entirely on the nature of the particle surface, and is independent of the size or shape or the nature of particle itself. Our experiment were performed on red blood cells of several aquatic vertebrate with a cylindrical electrophoresis chamber according to the method described by Bangham et al. (1958). Our results show that electrophoretic mobility and electrochemical potential are lower than values observed in human red blood cells, in all species examined, except one.
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Serum and urinary activities of two acid glycohydrolases, beta-n-acetyl-glucosaminidase and beta-glucuronidase, were significantly higher in a group of diabetic patients when compared to a control group. No significant differences were found between patients without vascular complications and those with retinopathy and/or large vessel disease, while the highest enzyme levels were present in diabetics in poor metabolic control. In diabetics with nephropathy, urinary excretion of both enzymes was further increased, so that the serum/urine activity ratio (greater than 1 in normal subjects and in diabetics without nephropathy) was inverted (less than 1). These data seem to show that the high activity of these enzymes, commonly observed in diabetes mellitus, is related to the illness rather than to its vascular complications, being higher in patients in poor metabolic control. Furthermore serum/urine activity ratio may be a useful indicator in the monitoring of diabetic nephropathy.