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Biomedical subjects

A Cernák

Publications and source records attributed to A Cernák.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

[Hyperamylasemia and pancreatic diseases in children].

Elevated alpha-amylase activity in serum was thought for a long time to be a laboratory standard in diagnosis of acute pancreatic disease. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical usefulness of routine measurement of total serum amylase (using the Boehringer Mannheim EPS method) and pancreatic isoamylase (using Boehringer Mannheim EPS method) and lipase (Kodak Eastman) in children. Authors examined the group of 93 children with abdominal pain whose age ranged from 5 to 17 years. In previous laboratory measurements using Spofa test (Slovakofarma) they were found to have elevated alpha-amylase in serum, thus the pancreatic disorder was put in question. A pancreatic disorder was proven in 9 children (9.7%) from this group. The authors consider the measurements given above to be the markers significantly improving the specificity of routine biochemistry in children with pancreatic diseases.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1993

[AIDS and the eye].

We are observing a patient who is HIV positive since 1987 and in 1992 he got sick of AIDS. The first ophthalmologist symptom of the illness was a blurred disc margin of the optic nervehead with minor peripapillary hemorrhages and reduction of his visual acuity. After two months the condition of the fundus has improved but on the eyelash in the nasal half a Kaposi sarcoma is emerging. After six month of being sick of AIDS we are observing a reduction of visual acuity on the left eye and we diagnosed a Cytomegalic viral retinitis which is also confirmed serologically. Inspite of the treatment by Gancyclovir his condition is not improving and minor hemorrhages as well as microaneurysms are emerging also in macular area of the right eye.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
PubMed1993

[Lactose intolerance in the differential diagnosis of abdominal pain in children].

In the period from 1990 to 1992 542 children aged 0-15 years were examined by the breath hydrogen test for abdominal pain and chronic nutritional disorder. The results of lactose tests were pathological in 107 children with abdominal pain and 95 with chronic nutritional disorder. The authors followed 107 children with abdominal pain and directed their attention to its relationship to lactose intolerance. It was confirmed to be the only cause of abdominal pain in twenty-six children (24.3%). In spite of the well known pathogenetic mechanism of lactose intolerance leading to abdominal pain and metheorism and loose stools, an atypical clinical course was observed in these patients. There were no complaints associated with the intake of milk in history, the abdominal pain being the leading symptom in all patients but four who had loose stools. There was an improvement of clinical symptoms after the low-lactose diet.

Abdominal Pain↗
PubMed1993

[The significance of Helicobacter pylori infection in the etiology of abdominal pain in children].

Chronic and recurrent abdominal pain are frequent diagnostic problems in school age and adolescent children. The authors examined the IgG antibodies to Helicobacter pylori using ELISA in a group of 91 children. Positive results were found in 20 children, i.e. 22%. All children positive for Helicobacter pylori antibodies underwent an endoscopic examination with bioptic sampling of the gastric and duodenal mucosa. Bioptic samples were examined histologically and Helicobacter pylori was identified microscopically and using urease tests and cultivation. All 20 children with antibodies to Helicobacter pylori had histological evidence of chronic gastritis in the gastric antrum and infection with Helicobacter pylori was found in 16 cases. Detection of Helicobacter pylori IgG antibodies is useful in the selection of patients for endoscopic examination of the stomach and duodenum. Endoscopy is relevant also where antibodies to Helicobacter pylori are negative and the characteristic picture of chronic disease of the upper gastrointestinal tract is present.

Abdominal Pain↗
PubMed1993

[Initial experience with block excision of choroidal tumors].

The authors present their experiences with the microsurgical method of therapy of choroidal malignant melanoma. During the last two years 10 patients have been admitted to the hospital that had malignant melanoma of uvea, eight of them had choroidal melanoma. In 5 patients local excision of choroidal melanoma was made, according to Peyman's criteria. One patient has reached the visual acuity of 5/10, other two patients had vitreous hemorrhages after the operation without absorption. Fourth patient has developed hypotony and in one patient the operation had to be interrupted and the enucleation of the eye was made. Local excision seems to be a promising operation method, which can preserve the eye and its good visual acuity in indicated cases.

Choroid Neoplasms↗
PubMed1993

[Initial experience with implantation of disc-type intraocular lenses].

The authors present their postoperative results of extracapsular cataract extraction with implanted disc intraocular lens CD 801 A (Pharmacia). In 1991 within 6 months 62 of these lenses had been implanted. A year after the operation, the location of the intraocular lens, transparency of posterior capsule, the shape of the pupil and visual acuity (correction) had been followed. In 6 patients (9.7%) dislocated lenses had been found, 11 patients (17.7%) developed decreased transparency of the posterior capsule, and in 30 patients (48.4%) circular shape of the pupil was in different way distorted. 48 eyes (77.42%) had 1 dioptre error or less, 58 eyes (93.55%) had 2 dioptres error or less and 4 eyes (6.45%) had an error of more than 2 dioptres.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Effectiveness of peribulbar anesthesia in anterior eye segment surgery].

The single-injection peribulbar technique was performed in 218 patients prior to cataract surgery with les implantation. Peribulbar regional anesthetic block is an effective method of obtaining anesthesia and akinesia. No one case required a reblock or akinesia to perform the surgery safely. There were no major complication associated with the peribulbar technique (one case had to be postponed due to retrobulbar hemorrhage).

Anesthesia, Conduction↗
PubMed1991

[Treatment of choroidal melanoma using photocoagulation].

The author defines the conditions for treatment of chorioid melanomas by photocoagulation which is restricted only to a small number of tumours. The author describes different therapeutic techniques, using photocoagulation. The success rate of treatment of chorioid melanomas by xenon photocoagulation is 50-60%, similar results are obtained with laser coagulation (maily krypton or a combination of argon and krypton). Treatment with an argon laser alone is not suitable as blue light which forms 70% of the light energy does not penetrate into the chorioid. Green light of the argon laser is suited for use in the first stage of treatment, i. e. for obliteration of retinal and chorioid vessels. The authors treated six patients with melanoma of the chorioid using combined xenon-argon therapy. During the average observation period of six years only one patient developed regression of the tumour, in another patient further growth ceased, but regression was not observed. In four patients on account of progression of the tumour the eye had to be enucleated.

Choroid Neoplasms↗
PubMed1989

[Detection of surface antigens in uveal melanoma using monoclonal antibodies].

Monoclonal antibodies (MA) were obtained by fusion of a myeloma line from mice with spleen cells of mice previously immunized by live human cells of uveal melanoma of an epithelioid type (UMEL-H). From the cell fusion hybridomas were obtained which produced antibodies against immunized uveal melanoma cells. The binding capacity of MA was assessed by the sandwich radio-immuno (RIA) test using indirect immunofluorescence. Extensive specific tests revealed that MA are strongly bound to uveal melanoma, the cells of which were used to immunize the mice, but also fresh allogenic uveal melanoma cells UMEL-K which were also of the epithelioid type. A smaller binding activity was observed with the cell line of the uveal melanoma VUP-1 which was started 16 years ago and is formed by 92% by epithelioid cells. A smaller binding activity of MA was observed with the line of skin melanoma cells (HMB-2, B-HM8). The bond of MA with carcinomatous cells, fibroblasts, uveal and retinal cells from eyes of healthy humans was negative. The preliminary investigations indicate an antigenic homogeneity of tumour antigens of melanoma cells of the same histological type and the antigenic variability of uveal and skin melanomas.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1989

[Antitumor immunity in patients with melanoma of the uveal tract].

Over the years 1977-1987 142 patients with malignant melanoma of the uvea were admitted to the Department of Ophthalmology, Teaching Hospital, Comenius University in Bratislava. Of the 119 patients treated by enucleation of the bulb 74.8% were alive after a mean follow up period of 5.9 years, whereas 25.2% of these patients died of consequences of metastases of the melanoma of the eye. The highest death rate was recorded in the first and second year following enucleation (57%) and then in the fourth year (17%). After the eighth year following enucleation of the bulb not a single case of death from consequences of metastases of melanoma was recorded. Eight patients with localization of the tumor in the anterior part of the uveal tract (iris, ciliary body) were treated by microsurgical removal of the tumor from the bulb. Two patients developed relapse of the tumor and the eyeballs had to be enucleated. After a mean follow up period of 6.6 years all these patients are alive and so far no signs of metastases have been observed. Moreover, the visual acuity has remained good in the patients whose eyes were not enucleated. Electrocoagulation was applied in six patients. Within a year the eyes had to be enucleated in three of them due to tumor progression. In two patients the growth of the tumor seems to have been stopped, yet regression of the tumor has not been observed. Complete healing was recorded only in one patient. After a mean follow up period of 4.5 years all the patients are alive without signs of metastases. A series of eight patients refused any kind of treatment of melanoma. Over a follow up period of 8.5 years six of them (75%) died of consequences of metastases within an average of 3.2 years from the establishment of diagnosis. Although the majority of these cases had small and middle sized melanomas, at present only two patients (25%) are still alive. In 127 patients with histologically proved malignant melanoma of the uvea the LAI test for the determination of uveal tumor antigen was also performed. The test was positive in 78.7% of the patients and negative in 23.3%. In a control group of patients with nontumorous eye diseases the LAI test was positive only in 2.9% and negative in 91.1%. Four months after enucleation of the bulb the LAI test was repeated and positivity was found to persist in 57.8% of the patients.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1988

Cell surface antigens of human uveal melanoma identified by monoclonal antibodies.

Hybridoma cells were derived from a mouse immunized with freshly obtained primary human uveal melanoma cells. Supernatants from the resultant hybridoma clones were screened for positive antibody binding to uveal melanoma cell membranes and negative binding to membrane preparations of fibroblasts, retinal and uveal cells of healthy donors using sandwich radioimmunoassay and indirect immunofluorescence. Extensive specificity tests showed that the antibodies produced by ten clones bound strongly to fresh, and/or short-time cultivated primary human uveal melanoma tumour cells (UMEL-H, UMEL-K). Weaker binding occurred in a human uveal melanoma cell line (VUP-1), and/or in human skin melanoma cell lines (HMB-2, B-HM8). Binding assay of carcinoma cells, fibroblasts, uveal and retinal cells was negative. Intensive screening of this type is now under way.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

A preliminary report on monoclonal antibodies against human uveal melanoma.

Mouse Sp2/10 myeloma cells were fused with spleen cells from mice that had been immunized with freshly obtained primary human uveal melanoma cells. Hybrids that produced antibodies binding to the uveal melanoma cells, but not to fibroblasts, uveal or retinal cells of healthy donors, were cloned. Extensive specificity tests showed that the antibodies produced by the ten clones bound strongly to fresh or short-time cultures of primary human uveal melanoma tumor cells (UMEL-H, UMEL-K). Weaker binding occurred with a human uveal melanoma cell line (VUP-1), and with human skin melanoma cell lines (HMB-2, B-HM8), respectively. Binding assays with carcinoma cells, fibroblasts, uveal and retinal cells were negative. An intensive screening of this type is now under way.

Animals↗