Biomedical subjects

A Cetin

Publications and source records attributed to A Cetin.

15 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1998

Effects of nimodipine and isradipine on endothelin-1-induced contraction of pregnant rat myometrium.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of nimodipine and isradipine on endothelin-1-induced contractions of isolated pregnant rat myometrium. Endothelin-1 at 10(-10)-10(-8) M dose-dependently increased the amplitude and frequency of contractions and decreased the duration of contractions. Basal tone of myometrium was increased with the higher endothelin-1 concentrations (10(-9) and 10(-8) M). After pretreatment for 30 min with 10(-6) M nimodipine or 10(-5) M isradipine, amplitude and duration of endothelin-1-induced contractions were significantly decreased, but frequency of myometrial contractions increased markedly. However, neither agent abolished the stimulating effect of higher endothelin-1 concentrations (10(-9) and 10(-8) M) on the basal tone. Our study showed that phasic activity is inhibited by nimodipine and isradipine, whereas tonic activity is not inhibited. The contraction of myometrial strips isolated from the pregnant rat may be modulated by endothelin-1, and this effect is only partly modulated by dihydropyridine-type Ca2+ channels. The remaining resistance to nimodipine- and isradipine-induced inhibition may be explained by pregnancy-associated changes in the other electrophysiological and biochemical factors.

Animals↗

PubMed1998

Changes in the nitric oxide system of rat myometrium during midgestation and delivery at term.

The aims of this study were to investigate whether a nitric oxide (NO) system is present in the pregnant rat myometrium and whether it differentially inhibits myometrial contractility during midgestation and delivery at term. Myometrial strips were obtained from eight rats at midgestation (day 16) and eight rats during delivery at term, and mounted in an organ bath for assessment of isometric tension. There were scarce spontaneous contractions with gradually increased amplitude that ceased after short periods at midgestation, whereas the frequency of spontaneous contractions increased and were regular, and the amplitude of contractions became stable and long lasting during delivery. Spontaneous and carbachol- induced contractions were decreased by L-arginine and increased by NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) at midgestation and delivery, but much higher concentrations of L-arginine and L-NAME were required to obtain this effect at delivery. These results show: (1) that there is basal and carbachol-stimulated production of NO in pregnant rat myometrium; (2) that the L-arginine-NO system inhibits myometrial contractility; (3) that the effect of the L-arginine-NO system is elevated at midgestation and decreased during delivery; and (4) that the L-arginine-NO system may contribute to uterine quiescence during gestation and the initiation of labour at term.

Animals↗

PubMed1998

Laryngeal amyloidosis with laryngocele: MRI and CT.

A case of laryngeal amyloidosis associated with a laryngocele is reported. Preoperative CT showed diffuse thickening of the epiglottis, aryepiglottic folds and false vocal cords with well-defined calcific foci. MRI revealed contrast enhancement and increased signal intensity on T2-weighted images.

Amyloidosis↗

PubMed1998

Diagnostic and therapeutic decision-making with transvaginal sonography for first trimester spontaneous abortion, clinically thought to be incomplete or complete.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of transvaginal sonography for first trimester spontaneous abortions, thought to be incomplete or complete, in patients with postabortion bleeding or uterine cramping within 5 days of abortion. In a prospective study, 78 patients underwent transvaginal sonography to evaluate the maximum anteroposterior diameter of the uterine cavity on the long axis view and echo pattern of the retained products of conception. Patients were divided into three groups: those with a normal uterine cavity or a uterine cavity with fluid collection without echogenic foci (n = 13, group A), those with a uterine cavity containing fluid mixed with solid components (n = 38, group B), and those with a uterine cavity containing solid components (n = 27, group C). Group A was considered not to have retained products of conception, and the latter two groups were considered to have retained products of conception. Patients in group A were assigned to receive conservative treatment. In groups B and C, patients with significant vaginal bleeding during 48 h of follow-up underwent elective curettage and those with minimal-mild bleeding received conservative management. A total of 73 patients (12 in group A, 35 in group B and 26 in group C) completed the study. There were no differences in any of selected reproductive data of the groups (p > 0.05). In group B, all patients with uterine cavity diameter of 10 mm or greater underwent elective curettage. In group C, all patients with a diameter of the uterine cavity 8 mm or greater underwent elective curettage. The overall complication and patient satisfaction rates were approximately 14% and 88%, respectively. Transvaginal sonographic findings can be used as a decision factor in the management of patients with first trimester spontaneous abortion to reduce the need for an elective curettage by approximately 58%.

Abortion, Incomplete↗

PubMed1998

Inhibitory effects of isradipine on spontaneous and oxytocin- and carbachol-stimulated contractions of rat myometrium.

Our aim was to investigate the effect of isradipine, a second-generation calcium channel blocker, on spontaneous and oxytocin- and carbachol-stimulated contractions of myometrium isolated from nonpregnant and pregnant rats. Amplitude, frequency, duration and integrated area of spontaneous and oxytocin- and carbachol-stimulated contractions of nonpregnant and pregnant rat myometrium were compared before and after the treatment with isradipine (10(-6) to 10(-4) mol/l). Isradipine inhibited contractions of myometrial strips isolated from nonpregnant and pregnant rats in a concentration-dependent manner, with a significant effect on the amplitude (10(-5) to 10(-4) mol/l) and integrated area (3 x 10(-6) to 10(-4) mol/l) of spontaneous and oxytocin- and carbachol-stimulated contractions. Isradipine induced similar concentration-dependent effects on the frequency and duration of spontaneous and carbachol-stimulated contractions at higher concentrations (3 x 10(-5) to 10(-4) mol/l) but had no effect on frequency and duration of oxytocin-stimulated contractions. Isradipine appears to be an effective relaxant in rat myometrium. This effect of isradipine may become therapeutically advantageous in clinical application for preterm labor.

Animals↗

PubMed1997

Effect of deep injections of local anesthetics and basal dilatation of cervix in management of pain during legal abortions. A randomized, controlled study.

The present study was designed to investigate whether deep injections of local anesthetics provide better pain control than regular injections of local anesthetics, and to evaluate the influence of basal cervical dilatation and dilatation increase obtained on the painfulness of abortion procedure during legal abortions. A total of 66 women undergoing legal abortion were randomly allocated to treatment with deep injection (n = 31) or regular injection (n = 35) group. Subjects in the deep injection group had paracervical block involving four injections approximately 3 cm deep. Subjects assigned to the regular injection group had paracervical block involving four injections approximately 1.5 cm deep. A pain scale was administered at the end of the dilatation and end of curettage. Both groups were found to be similar with respect to age, parity, previous legal abortion, gestational age, anxiety score, procedure time, basal cervical dilatation, and dilatation increase obtained. The mean pain score during cervical dilatation was less for the deep injection versus the regular injection group (3.3 +/- 1.5 versus 4.0 +/- 1.6, p < 0.05). The mean pain score during curettage was significantly less for the deep injection versus the regular injection group (3.0 +/- 1.2 versus 3.9 +/- 1.4, p < 0.05). In conclusion, deep injection of local anesthetics is a safe adjunct in the management of legal abortion. Irrespective of injection technique, dilatation pain is correlated negatively with basal cervical dilatation and correlated positively with dilatation increase obtained.

Abortion, Legal↗

PubMed1997

Time-dependent gestational diabetes screening values.

OBJECTIVE: This study was undertaken to determine use of different cut-off values with regard to the time of the patient's last meal in screening for gestational diabetes mellitus which could result in better results and change patient management. METHODS: Two hundred and seventy-four non-diabetic women undergoing routine screening for glucose intolerance between 26 to 28 weeks' gestation were classified with regard to the time of previous meal. A glucose challenge test and an oral glucose challenge test were conducted for each patient in the study. Results were evaluated with both a standard cut-off value of 140 mg/dl without regard to the time of the last meal and suggested cut-off values of 148 mg/dl, 142 mg/dl, and 150 mg/dl if the patient ate < 2 h, 2-3 h, and > 3 h before the screening test, respectively. RESULTS: Two hundred and seventy-four women completed the study. With these suggested cut-off values, the number of patients with a positive glucose challenge test dropped from 15.7% to 11.3%. With these cut-off values, positive predictive value increased from 27.3% to 32.3%. CONCLUSIONS: The time since previous meal affects 50 g glucose challenge test results. These new cut-off values would lead to improved efficiency of the screening test and decreased frequency with which patients require the 3-h oral glucose tolerance test.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1997

Cervicovaginal washing prolactin assay in prediction of preterm delivery.

OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to determine the utility of cervicovaginal washing prolactin assay in prediction of preterm birth in women without rupture of membranes. METHODS: Sixty-six women with normal singleton pregnancy were submitted to cervicovaginal washing and serum prolactin assays. The latency period to delivery and gestational age at admission and at delivery were also recorded. According to uterine contractions and obstetrical history regarding the previous preterm delivery, the pregnant women were divided into 4 groups: 18 symptomatic (group 1) and 15 asymptomatic (group 2) pregnancies who had previously had preterm delivery, and 18 symptomatic (group 3) and 15 asymptomatic (group 4) pregnancies without a history of prior preterm delivery were enrolled in the study. RESULTS: The cervicovaginal washing prolactin concentrations were significantly higher in groups 1 and 3 than in group 4 (P < 0.0083). With respect to the latency period to delivery and the birth weeks, groups 2 and 4 were significantly higher than groups 1 and 3 (F < 0.0001). In the evaluation of the whole group, a significant negative correlation was observed both between cervicovaginal washing prolactin concentrations and the lapsed times to delivery, and the gestational ages at delivery. The finding of a cervicovaginal washing prolactin value exceeding 50 ng/ml in the 12 days preceding preterm delivery had sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values of 65%, 95%, 86%, and 81%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: A cervicovaginal washing prolactin value more than 50 ng/ml precedes preterm delivery within 12 days at > 29 weeks. The easy application, the good feasibility, the success in identifying pregnancies at risk for preterm labor, and the cost effectiveness suggests cervicovaginal washing prolactin assay as a biochemical marker for preterm delivery.

Adult↗

PubMed1997

Superficial wound disruption after cesarean delivery: effect of the depth and closure of subcutaneous tissue.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of the depth of subcutaneous tissue at the operative site and the closure of subcutaneous tissue on abdominal wound disruption after cesarean delivery. METHODS: 164 women divided into two groups: 70 with subcutaneous tissue thickness of at least 2 cm and 94 with subcutaneous tissue thickness more than 2 cm. These groups were randomized to closure of the subcutaneous fat tissue or no closure with cesarean delivery. RESULTS: In the 68 women with subcutaneous tissue thickness of at least 2 cm who completed the study, there was no difference between closure and no closure subgroups in terms of incidence of wound disruption. In 91 women with subcutaneous tissue thickness more than 2 cm who completed the study, the incidence of wound disruption was significantly higher in the no closure subgroup. In the no closure subgroup of 91 women with subcutaneous fat thickness more than 2 cm, the incidence of wound disruption was significantly higher than that of the 68 women with subcutaneous tissue thickness at least 2 cm. CONCLUSIONS: Subcutaneous tissue approximation with absorbable suture at closure of the abdominal incision during cesarean delivery appears to reduce the rate of postoperative wound disruption in patients with more than 2 cm of subcutaneous tissue.

Adipose Tissue↗

PubMed1997

Estrogen dermatitis.

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the estrogen dermatitis of women who have chronic skin disorders with exacerbations or premenstrual dermatitis in a cyclic pattern. Twenty-three women exhibiting skin disorders of pruritus, urticaria, eczema, papulovesicular eruption, hirsutism-acne with hyperpigmentation (hirsutism and/or its related disorders such as acne) and 18 healthy control subjects were included in the study. Sensitivity to estrogen was described in 14 of 23 women. Of the 14 estrogen sensitive women, nine had a premenstrual flare of their skin lesions and five had a chronic dermatitis with exacerbations. In the evaluation of endocrine profile, mean serum testosterone and LH levels of the patient group were significantly higher than controls (2.814 +/- 0.839 vs. 1.561 +/- 0.645 nm/l, P < 0.001; 10.843 +/- 2.538 vs. 4.539 +/- 1.215 IU/l, P < 0.0001). The LH/FSH ratio of the patient group was also significantly higher than controls (1.765 +/- 0.329 vs. 0.810 +/- 0.0116, P < 0.0001). Mean serum progesterone level of the patient group was significantly lower than the control group (0.499 +/- 0.201 vs. 0.977 +/- 0.396 ng/ml, P < 0.001). Hyperandrogenism and anovulation were the two more common outcomes in the patient group. Skin lesions of estrogen sensitive women were all cured with the administration of tamoxifen 20 mg daily for 7 days premenstrually.

Acne Vulgaris↗

PubMed1997

The role of transvaginal sonography in predicting recurrent preterm labour in patients with intact membranes.

Our purpose was to determine whether funnelling of the cervical internal os, length of the endocervical canal, cervical index, funnel length and funnel width determined by transvaginal sonography are predictive of recurrent preterm labour. Of 112 women, 65 admitted to the hospital for preterm labour with intact membranes had transvaginal sonographic evaluation of the cervix before digital cervical examination and institution of tocolysis. The following measurements were obtained: (1) presence of funnelling, (2) endocervical canal length, (3) cervical index, (4) funnel length and (5) funnel width. Logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the variables that made a significant contribution to the prediction of recurrent preterm labour. A total of 65 eligible women completed the study. Recurrent preterm labour was significantly associated with the presence of funnelling (85.2% vs. 23.3%) and short endocervical canal length, large cervical index and long funnel length as noted on transvaginal cervical sonography. The presence of funnelling, shorter endocervical canal length, larger cervical index and longer funnel length were suggestive of true preterm labour and its recurrence. Transvaginal sonographic examination of the uterine cervix is a useful procedure to predict recurrent preterm labour with intact membranes.

Cervix Uteri↗

PubMed1997

Hypophosphatemic rickets with sacroiliitis-like presentation in an adolescent.

Rickets can manifest with a wide variety of rheumatic symptoms. In this paper, a fifteen year old female patient with hypophosphatemic rickets presenting with symptoms suggesting sacroiliitis at disease onset is reported. The sacroiliac joint involvement in this case was attributed to the subchondral bone fractures due to the secondary hyperparathyroidism. Her symptoms resolved completely after treatment with calcitriol and phosphate solution for hypophosphatemic rickets.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1996

Hyperthyroidism in hyperemesis gravidarum.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the hormonal and hematologic parameters of 24 patients with hyperemesis gravidarum without evidence of thyroid disease compared with matched controls. METHODS: Twenty-four pregnant women with hyperemesis and 20 control subjects were included in this study. A prospective comparison of hormonal milieu of hCG and thyroid function was performed. RESULTS: Mean serum hCG, fT3, and fT4 levels of patients were significantly higher than those of controls (P < 0.007), while there was no statistically significant difference in terms of TSH. Serum hCG correlated negatively with TSH and positively with fT3 and fT4 in the patient group (r = 0.66, r = 0.70, r = 0.85; P < 0.05, respectively), while there was no relationship between hCG and thyroid functions in controls (r < 0.25). The lymphocyte count of patients was significantly higher than that of controls (P < 0.007), while there were no statistically significant differences in the overall white blood count and the granulocyte count (P > 0.007). The lymphocyte count correlated positively with serum hCG, fT4 and fT3, and negatively with TSH in the patient group (r = 0.73, r = 0.72, r = 0.64 and r = -0.63; P < 0.05, respectively), while there was no relationship between lymphocyte count and serum hCG, fT4, fT3 and TSH in controls (r < 0.25). CONCLUSIONS: Maternal immune recognition of the conceptus and immune response, hypothetically, may be related to the high level of hCG and/or fT4. Patients who have hyperthyroidism in early pregnancy should be assessed for transient hyperthyroidism as it relates to hyperemesis gravidarum.

Chorionic Gonadotropin↗

PubMed1992

Characterization of urease from Sporosarcina ureae.

Alkaline stable (pH 7.75-12.5) urease from Sporosarcina ureae was purified over 400-fold by ion exchange and hydrophobic interaction chromatography. The cytoplasmic enzyme was remarkably active with a specific activity of greater than 9300 mumol urea degraded min-1 mg protein-1 at pH 7.5, where it has optimal activity. Although S. ureae is closely related to Bacillus pasteurii, known to possess a homopolymeric urease containing 1 nickel per subunit [M(r) = 65000], the S. ureae enzyme is comprised of three subunits [apparent M(r) = 63,100 (alpha), 14,500 (beta), and 8500 (gamma)] in an estimated alpha beta gamma 2 stoichiometry and contains 2.1 +/- 0.6 nickel ions per alpha beta gamma 2 unit as measured by atomic absorption spectrometry. Stationary phase cultures sometimes possessed low levels of urease activity, but the specific activity of cell extracts of partially purified urease preparations from such cultures could be elevated by heat treatment, dilution, or dialysis to values comparable to those observed in samples from exponentially grown cells.

Amino Acid Sequence↗

PubMed1985

Scalp meningioma: case report.

The authors report a case of scalp meningioma. The mass was removed totally, and all of the following neuroradiological studies proved the absence of an intracranial meningioma.

Adult↗