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Biomedical subjects

A Chaudhry

Publications and source records attributed to A Chaudhry.

84 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Ultrastructure of the parotid duct. Cytochemical studies of the striated duct and papillary cystadenoma lymphomatosum of the human parotid gland.

To our knowledge, there are currently no reports in the literature that discuss the fine structure of the striated ducts of the human parotid gland. Papillary cystadenoma lymphomatosum (Warthin's tumor) is a benigh neoplasm found almost exclusively in the parotid gland that represents about 16% of all neoplasms of the gland. This neoplasm is believed to arise from the striated and/or excretory ducts, but there are contradictions with regard to the proposed origin and the cellular composition of some Warthin's tumors. Tissue was obtained at the time of surgery and examined ultrastructurally and cytochemically for the localization of alkaline phosphatase and adenosine triphosphatase. Myoepithelial cells were found ultrastructurally and cytochemically on the proximal aspect of the striated duct, with their cell bodies situated at the junction of the striated and intercalated ducts. Two Warthin's tumors were observed with cells that were structurally and cytochemically similar to myoepithelial cells.

Adenosine Triphosphatases↗
PubMed1977

Studies on the salivary gland chromosomes of an isolated population of Anopheles stephensi (Diptera, Culicidae).

The salivary gland chromosomes of Anopheles stephensi from a local wild population in Nadasahib (Haryana) have been studied. The banding pattern is compared with the standard pattern of Anopheles stephensi (NICD strain). Differences in the free ends of the X-chromosome and the autosomal arms have been seen. These differences are both in the shape and the banding pattern of the free ends. The impact of ecogeographic isolation on genetic variability between the two species is also discussed. The Nadasahib population is free from natural chromosomal polymorphism, whereas 32 different types of aberrations have been seen in the NICD strain.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Selective intracavitary and coronary hypothermic cardioplegia for myocardial preservation.Clinical, physiologic, and ultrastructural evaluation.

Intraoperative myocardial protection was evaluated in two groups of patients undergoing coronary surgery in whom different techniques for cardiac arrest were utilized. In group A, profound selective myocardial hypothermic (15 to 18 C) arrest was achieved by perfusing a coolant (7 to 10 C) into the left ventricular cavity and the coronary circulation. The average anoxic arrest time was 82.5 +/- 27 minutes. In group B, ventricular fibrillation and moderate hypothermia were used. Group A patients showed rapid physiologic recovery, low average myocardial creatinine phosphokinase (MB-CK) isoenzyme levels (7.8 IU) , and a well-preserved myocardial ultrastructure. In group B, three patients showed abnormal physiologic recovery; six patients needed postoperative inotropic support; and in seven patients, electron-microscopy revealed irreversible focal changes. The average MB-CK isoenzyme level was 85.6 IU. Analysis of our data demonstrates that when myocardial protection during coronary bypass grafting is achieved by selective profound intracavitary and coronary cooling, there is physiological, ultrastructural, and biochemical evidence of less intraoperative myocardial damage than when ventricular fibrillation is applied.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Hepatoma induced by thorium dioxide.

A 74-year-old man complained of anorexia and weight loss. Twenty-six years earlier he had received an injection of Thorotrast. A needle biopsy of the liver showed thorium dioxide granules and periportal fibrosis. On laparotomy, a hepatoma of the left lobe of the liver was discovered. Hepatic malignancy should be suspected in any patient with abnormal results of liver function tests, particularly an elevated level of alkaline phosphatase, who previously has had an injection of Thorotrast.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Fatal Salmonella septicemia after platelet transfusion.

A thrombocytopenic, leukopenic patient with multiple myeloma who was given 7 units of platelets died 6 days later from complications of Salmonella heidelberg septicemia. A platelet donor who was asymptomatic at the time of donation had group B Salmonella on stool culture. His clinical history and the results of serologic studies and stool culture were consistent with a mild Salmonella gastroenteritis 5 days before donation. Antibiotic sensitivity patterns and plasmid profiles indicated that the organism (S. heidelberg) isolated from the donor's stool was identical to that isolated from the patient's blood and from the platelet bags. It is believed that low-grade, asymptomatic bacteremia in the donor was the source of infection in the recipient. Food and Drug Administration records contain reports of six septic deaths due to platelet transfusions since 1979, compared with none in the preceding 4 years. Increased use of platelet products and the standard practice of storage at room temperature may contribute to the risk of sepsis after platelet transfusion, particularly in immunocompromised patients.

Antibodies, Bacterial↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Expression of transforming growth factors beta 1, beta 2, beta 3 in neuroendocrine tumors of the digestive system.

Neuroendocrine tumors of the digestive system are slowly growing neoplasms which often present pronounced fibrosis around tumor cells and in the peritoneal cavity. In this study, 23 midgut carcinoids and 7 endocrine pancreatic tumors were examined for the presence of TGF-beta with affinity-purified polyclonal antibodies raised against synthetic peptides coding for a specific region of latency-associated peptide sequences of TGF-beta 1, -beta 2, -beta 3, a rabbit anti serum against TGF-beta binding protein (LTBP) and a rabbit polyclonal antibody against TGF-beta type II-receptor (TGF-beta RII). Tumor cells from most tissues expressed all three isoforms of TGF-beta but LTBP was only weakly expressed. In stromal cells abundant expression of TGF-beta 2 and LTBP was found, whereas TGF-beta 1 and TGF-beta 3 were expressed only weakly. TGF beta RII immunoreactivity was observed mostly in the stromal cells. Tissue sections from 4 of these neuroendocrine tumors were also investigated by in situ hybridization. Strong signals on tumor cells were detected with TGF-beta 2 and TGF-beta 3 cRNA probes and also weakly with TGF-beta 1 and LTBP cRNA probe. Strong positive signals were observed on stromal cells with TGF-beta 2 and LTBP probe whereas only weak signals were observed on the stromal cells with TGF-beta 3 probe. Strong signals were detected on stromal cells with TGF-beta RII probe whereas no signals were observed on tumor cells. Our data suggest that TGF-beta might play an important role in the interaction of tumor and stromal cells. Thus TGF-beta might stimulate matrix production and angiogenesis of stromal cells, whereas tumor cells themselves are unaffected by the growth inhibitory activity of TGF-beta.

Adenoma, Islet Cell↗