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Biomedical subjects

A Chciałowski

Publications and source records attributed to A Chciałowski.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Competition of IL-1 and IL-1ra determines lymphocyte response to delayed stimulation with PHA.

BACKGROUND: Human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) left in microcultures for 24h without mitogen do not respond to subsequent stimulation with PHA. They regain reactivity if the native culture medium is absorbed with other party lymphocytes or partially replaced with the medium from a PHA-stimulated culture. The observations suggest that, during the incubation, some inhibitory agent had accumulated in the culture medium. AIM: The study was performed to determine the nature of the observed phenomenon in respect of the possible role of monocytes and their products IL-1 and IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra), and to test for immunodiagnostic purposes the significance of quantifying the lymphocyte response to delayed stimulation with PHA in patients suffering from inflammatory prosesses. METHODS: Lymphocyte response to delayed stimulation with PHA, calculated as the lymphocyte-monokine interaction (LM) index, was determined in the microcultures of PBMC isolated from the blood of healthy donors or of patients with acute tonsilitis. The values of LM indices were compared with the ratios of IL-1ra/IL-1beta concentration estimated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method in the culture supernatants. The influences of exogenous IL-1beta, IL-1ra, anti-IL1ra antibodies and antibiotic cefaclor on the monokine concentrations and on the values of LM index were tested. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: The results show that the level of lymphocyte response to delayed stimulation with PHA (LM index) is inversely proportional to the ratio of IL-1ra/IL-1beta concentration in the culture. The low LM values at high IL-1ra/IL-1beta ratios in PBMC cultures from healthy donors, reversed proportions found in patients' PBMC (acute tonsilitis), and the cefaclor-induced reduction of LM value with correlated increase of the IL-1ra/IL-1beta ratio suggest that the LM assay may prove to be useful for immunodiagnostic purposes.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

[The effect of inhaled ambroxol treatment on clinical symptoms and chosen parameters of ventilation in patients with exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients].

It was a randomised, double-blind, placebo controlled comparative study of the clinical symptoms and chosen parameters of ventilation of inhaled ambroxol in patients hospitalized with exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Eligible patients--30 patients (13 men and 17 women) aged of mean value 70.5 +/- 6.9 years who fulfilled the clinical traits of exacerbation of chronic bronchitis entered the study. 15 patients were treated with inhaled ambroxol and 15 were treated with placebo. Moreover all patients were treated with concomitant medications typical for exacerbation of COPD (systemic steroids, intravenous infusions with euphillin, antibiotics, Berodual nebulizations and oxygen therapy). Spirometry and data related to clinical symptoms were taken at the beginning of the study and after 1 and 3 days and after the end of the treatment. At the end of the treatment period in both groups (inhaled ambroxol therapy vs. placebo) there wasn't found statistically significant difference in the number of cough and dyspnoe attacks. There was found the difference in FEV1 and FEF 50 in both groups, but improvement in patients treated with ambroxol was statistically significantly faster, that can influence the cost of treatment. Moreover there were not found important adverse events in ambroxol group.

Administration, Inhalation↗
PubMed2000

[Adhesion molecules LFA-1(CD-11a), Mac-1(CD-11b) of t-lymphocytes in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and blood in patients with chronic respiratory tract disease].

Adhesion molecules play an important role in inflammatory processes and influence on recruitment of effector cells. The aim of our study was to assess the percentage of T-lymphocytes expressing LFA-1, Mac-1 and ICAM-1 in bronchoalveolar fluid (BALF) and blood of patients with sarcoidosis, atopic bronchial asthma and chronic bronchitis. The reference group consisted of patients with haemoptysis or suspected of having bronchial carcinoma. Expression of adhesion molecules was revealed by /APAAP/ alkaline phosphatase anti alkaline phosphatase method. The highest percentage of lymphocytes expressing all adhesions molecules in BALF and blood was observed in patients with chronic bronchitis. Reductions of T-cells in BALF of patients with bronchial asthma and sarcoidosis may reflect of their direct binding in inflammatory sites. This studies confirm the involvement of adhesion molecules in maintenance of chronic inflammatory processes in the respiratory tract.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[Serological screening examinations of atypical pathogens (Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Chlamydia pneumoniae) in respiratory tract infection].

Lower respiratory tract infections are a heterogeneous group of disorders induced by plenty of pathogens. Atypical bacteria play an important role in the respiratory tract pathology. In our study 90 patients with acute infection of the respiratory tract were examined in serological screening test for Mycoplasma pneumonia and Chlamydia pneumoniae. It was confirmed that in 21 patients with community acquired pneumonia Mycoplasma pneumonia antibodies were detected in 38% and Chlamydia pneumoniae in 10%. In our opinion this screening serological tests are useful for early diagnosis of atypical bacterial infections of the respiratory tract.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2000

[Expression of adhesion molecules LFA-1 (CD11a and ICAM-1 (CD54) on lymphocytes and chemokines IL-8 and MCP-1 concentrations in bronchoalveolar lavage of patients with asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease].

Chemokines and cellular adhesion molecules are crucial determinants of the migration of immune effector cells to the tissues asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are a complex of conditions, which have airflow limitation in common. The aim of this study was to determine the numbers and percentages of lymphocytes expressing adhesion molecules: LFA-1, ICAM-1 together with assessment of chemokines concentrations: IL-8 and MCP-1 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BAL) of patients with asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). 12 patients with asthma, 14 patients with COPD, and 6 subjects of control group took part in this study. The expression of LFA-1 and ICAM-1 was assessed on lymphocytes by using immunohistochemistry (streptavidyn-biotin, DAKO, Denmark). ELISA test was used to measure IL-8 and MCP-1 concentrations in BAL (kits from R&D, USA). The percentage of lymphocytes expressing LFA-1 and ICAM-1 were: 33.9 +/- 23.8% and 25.8 +/- 12.2% in COPD patients, 23.9 +/- 12.1% and 15.3 +/- 4.42% in asthma patients, and 14.2 +/- 10% and 5.2 +/- 1.6% in the control group respectively. There was observed significant difference between the percentage of lymphocytes expressing LFA-1 and ICAM-1 of COPD and the control group. The concentrations of IL-8 were: 2306 +/- 1501 pg/ml in COPD, 233 +/- 27.3 pg/ml in asthma and 64 +/- 28.7 in the control group (p < 0.05). The concentrations of MCP-1 were: 768.9 +/- 668.1 pg/ml in COPD, 126.8 +/- 30.8 pg/ml in asthma, and 83.0 +/- 16.4 pg/ml in the control group (p < 0.05). There was observed correlation between lymphocytes expressing LFA-1 and IL-8 concentration (r = +0.5, p < 0.05) and between lymphocytes expressing LFA-1 and MCP-1 concentration (r = +0.5, p < 0.05), and between lymphocytes expressing ICAM-1 and MCP-1 concentration (r = +0.4, p < 0.05) only in COPD patients. Our data suggest that LFA-1 and ICAM-1 are important molecules in the recruitment of leukocytes and together with IL-8 and MCP-1 may have a role in pathomechanism of inflammation in asthma and especially in COPD.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[The role of inflammation mediators in bronchial asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease].

Bronchial asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are chronic inflammatory diseases of the bronchial tree. Some products of eosinophils, neutrophils and other cells have been implicated in causing bronchial mucosal damage and may play important role in monitoring degree of airway inflammation and differentiation between bronchial asthma and COPD. The author described some of them.

Asthma↗
PubMed1998

[Eosinophil cationic protein in children with allergic diseases of the respiratory tract in exacerbation and remission of symptoms].

The role of eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) in allergic inflammatory reaction has been documented in experimental and clinical studies, but a clinical usefulness is still discussed. In the study serum level of ECP has been evaluated in children with allergic diseases of the respiratory system in exacerbation and remission of symptoms for purpose of monitoring of disease course. In 111 children aged 12.0 +/- 3.3 yrs with atopic bronchial asthma and/ or allergic rhinits ECP serum concentrations have been determined in following groups: children with grass pollen hypersensitivity (group P, 17 female and 41 male), children with hypersensitivity to D. pteronyssinus and D. farinae (group D, 16 female and 37 male) and controls without allergic hypersensitivity with negative prick skin tests (19 children, 11 female and 5 male). All children have been qualified to immunotherapy with pollen or mite allergens (Allergovit or Novo-Helisen, Nexter, Allergopharma) and ECP evaluation was performed before, during and after therapy. Serum ECP and IgE levels have been determined with CAP-system (Pharmacia) and obtained results related to clinical symptoms. In all analyzed children serum total IgE has been significantly increased in relation to controls. Serum ECP levels have been increased during clinical exacerbation of symptoms in observed children and parallel with clinical score of symptoms, especially during pollen season. Authors conclude that a degree of increase of serum ECP level is parallel with clinical score of symptoms, especially during highest exposition to pollen allergens. Observed changes of serum ECP levels during immunotherapy suggest the close relationship with allergic inflammatory reaction and indicate clinical usefulness for monitoring of this process.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

[Pneumococcal pneumonia with a sever course].

The authors present a case of a 70-years old patients with bilateral pneumonia of pneumococcal etiology. During the treatment, after the initial improvement respiratory failure was observed and mechanical ventilations was applied. Following this procedure appeared such complications as left pneumothorax and pleural empyema. After drainage and evacuation of purulent fluid from pleural cavity the clinical improvement was observed. The case shows how pneumonia is still dangerous, especially for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

[Local treatment with tumor necrosis factor alpha in a patient with lung cancer].

Tumor Necrosis Factor alfa (TNFa) is a cytokine with cytolytic and cytotoxic properties. First clinical trials in which TNF was administered parenterally date back to early 70-ties. Soon it was noticed that when administered strictly to the tumor mass TNF exhibits high anti-tumor efficacy, exemplified by total or at least substantial regression of the tumor mass while producing minor and controllable symptoms. In this paper the case of local administration of the recombinant TNFa directly into the tumor mass constricting the bronchus was presented.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[Tumor necrosis factor-alpha--biological and immunologic properties].

The studies investigating antitumor efficacy of bacterial infections, started by Coley, resulted in isolation of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-alpha), released by activated macrophages. It was hoped that direct and indirect cytotoxic, cytostatic and immunomodulatory effects of TNF-alpha would prove helpful in obtaining an effective antitumor drug. In this paper, we describe biologic and immunologic activity of cachectin as well as pre-clinical trials of TNF application in antitumor therapy.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

[Tumor necrosis factor-alpha--phase I and phase II clinical trials].

Not fully successful therapy of carcinomas makes us search for new methods of antitumor treatment. Beside radiotherapy and chemotherapy, immunotherapy is the method we put our hopes on. Since its isolation in mid 70s TNF-alpha has been the subject of careful studies investigating its clinical usefulness. In phase I and II clinical trials dose- and manner of administration-dependent side effects were observed, which considerably limited the use of TNF-alpha in clinical practice. Topical (intratumoral) therapy eliminated most systemic side effects. Synergic antitumor efficacy of TNF-alpha, cytokines, such as interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and interleukin-2 (IL-2), and cytostatic drugs (etoposide, cyclophosphamide) was proved.

Clinical Trials, Phase I as Topic↗
PubMed1997

[Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: diagnostic problems].

The aim of this article was to describe rarely occurred non-Hodgkin's lymphomas from peripheral lymphocyte T. Epidemiology, course of the disease and difficulties of diagnostic was described with the special regards of early diagnostic.

Humans↗
PubMed1996

[Granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) in material from broncho-alveolar lavage and serum of patients with bronchial asthma].

Granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is an important hematopoietic growth factor which has been shown to induce proliferation and activation of inflammatory cells and may play a role in allergic diseases. An activity of GM-CSF was determined in serum and BAL-fluid of 12 asthma patients with bronchial hyperreactivity to histamine before and 24 hours after challenge test. It was found statistically significant increase (p < 0.05) of GM-CSF activity in patients with bronchial hyperreactivity to histamine.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Clinical evaluation of disodium cromoglycate with beta-2-agonist in therapy of patients with atopic bronchial asthma (preliminary study)].

In 38 patients with atopic bronchial asthma DNCG (disodium cromoglycate) and DNCG comp. (disodium cromoglycate and reproterol hydrochloride) were applied in inhalation way. After 7 days course spirometric values were monitoring in all patients. Decrease of Raw values and increases of FEF50 and FEV1 were noticed in all patients, especially in asthmatics treated with DNCG comp. Obtained results suggest a good clinical effect and improvement of spirometric values in patients with atopic bronchial asthma during DNCG and DNCG comp. therapy.

Administration, Inhalation↗