Biomedical subjects

A Cider

Publications and source records attributed to A Cider.

5 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2006

Prone position in mechanically ventilated patients with reduced intracranial compliance.

BACKGROUND: Prone position has been used for several years to treat acute lung insufficiency, but in previous studies patients with unstable intracranial pressure (ICP) are mostly excluded. The aim of this study was to investigate if prone position is a safe and useful treatment in patients with reduced intracranial compliance. METHODS: A consecutive, prospective pilot study of 11 patients admitted to the neuro intensive care unit (NICU) due to traumatic brain injury or intracerebral haemorrhage. ICP, cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP), heart rate (HR), mean arterial blood pressure (MABP), arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO(2)), arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO(2)), arterial oxygen saturation (SaO(2)) and respiratory system compliance were measured before, three times during and two times after the patients were placed in the prone position. RESULTS: No significant changes were demonstrated in ICP, CPP or MABP. PaO(2) and SaO(2) were significantly increased in the prone position. HR was significantly increased in the prone position and after 10 min in the supine post-prone position and the respiratory system compliance was increased after 1 h in the supine post-prone position. CONCLUSION: Turning NICU patients from the supine to the prone position did not influence ICP, CPP or MABP, but significantly improved patient PaO(2), SaO(2) and respiratory system compliance.

Adult↗

PubMed2000

Muscle performance in an urban population sample of 40- to 79-year-old men and women.

An urban population sample of 40 to 79-year-old men and women was investigated to evaluate the influence of age and activity level on muscle strength and endurance and to establish a reference material. During the investigation 144 persons were tested bilaterally, except for ankle strength, when only the right side was examined. Isometric muscle strength was determined in the knee extensors and flexors. Isokinetic (at 60 degrees/s and at 180 degrees/s) muscle strength was determined concentrically and eccentrically in the knee extensors and flexors. The dynamic and static endurance of the extensors was measured. Isometric strength was determined in the ankle plantar and dorsiflexor muscles. Isokinetic ankle plantar flexion strength was determined concentrically at 60 degrees/s with and without prior eccentric muscle contraction. Hand-grip strength was evaluated with a dynamometer. Walking velocity and the number of heel-rises were recorded. Physical activity level was assessed by questionnaire. Muscle biopsies were taken from the vastus lateralis muscle for histochemical and enzymatic analyses. Walking and the different muscle tests declined with age, and with a slight gender difference. Muscle biopsies showed a trend toward smaller muscle fibers with age. The results of our study can be used as reference material for clinical studies in different age groups.

Adult↗

PubMed1999

Physical performance in individuals with late effects of polio.

The aim of this study was to evaluate physical performance in individuals with late effects of polio; specifically, to evaluate the effects of reduced muscle strength in the lower limbs. Thirty-two individuals seen at the polio clinic at Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden, participated in the study. Each subject performed a bicycle exercise test in which peak oxygen uptake and anaerobic threshold were determined. Muscle strength in the quadriceps and the hamstrings were measured on an isokinetic dynamometer. Reductions in peak workload, peak oxygen uptake and predicted heart rate were seen. The anaerobic threshold was within or slightly lower than normal limits in relation to predicted maximal oxygen uptake, indicating that the cardio-respiratory system was not limiting performance. The muscle testing demonstrated a significantly lower ability to perform muscle actions compared with individuals from a reference group, and strong correlations were found between muscle strength peak VO2 and peak workload, respectively. Adjusted peripheral muscle endurance training might improve the work capacity in those individuals with weak leg muscles and low oxygen uptake, while individuals with relatively good muscle strength would improve their aerobic fitness in a general fitness program.

Adult↗

PubMed1998

Muscular performance in heart failure.

BACKGROUND: Some of the major symptoms in patients with chronic heart failure are muscle weakness and fatigue. However, not much is known about muscle performance in these patients compared to healthy controls. METHODS AND RESULTS: Activity level, gait speed, hand grip strength, muscle performance of the knee extensors and flexors along with the plantar and dorsal flexors of the foot were evaluated. Muscle biopsies from the lateral vastus lateralis were taken. Sixteen patients in New York Heart Association class II or III were tested and compared to 112 reference subjects. Compared to the reference subjects, there was a reduction in activity level, gait speed, isometric and isokinetic peak torque for knee extension at different velocities, hand grip strength, peak torque for plantar and dorsal flexion of the ankle and isometric and isokinetic endurance for the knee extension. Recovery was faster. There were small differences in fiber composition. 3-Hydroxy-acylCoA-dehydrogenase and citrate synthase were lower, and lactate dehydrogenase was increased. CONCLUSIONS: Muscle performance is affected in terms of both strength and endurance, which might affect performance in everyday activities. The more pronounced reduction in hand grip compared to the other muscles tested could be an indication of intrinsic abnormalities in the skeletal muscle.

Adult↗

PubMed1997

Peripheral muscle training in patients with clinical signs of heart failure.

The aim of the study was to evaluate, in a controlled setting, the effects of a 5-month dynamic peripheral training programme in patients with clinical signs of congestive heart failure with special reference to their anaerobic threshold, muscle function, heart rate variability and quality of life. Twenty-four randomized patients with clinical signs of heart failure in NYHA II-III entered the study. Training resulted in a significant (p = 0.01) change in the anaerobic threshold, the patients' ability to lift weights (p = 0.01) and performance of heel-lift (p = 0.01). The heart rate recorded during the training exercises decreased significantly (p = 0.04). There were no significant differences in peak oxygen uptake, isokinetic and isometric strength, HRV and quality of life except for three items in the control group. The results of this study indicate that peripheral training is beneficial for patients with clinical signs of congestive heart failure.

Aged↗