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Biomedical subjects

A Cilotti

Publications and source records attributed to A Cilotti.

52 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

McCune-Albright syndrome with gigantism and hyperprolactinemia.

We describe the case of a 38-year-old man with typical Mc Cune-Albright syndrome and the unusual combination of both growth-hormone and prolactin hypersecretion. The patient was extremely tall, which is unusual in Mc Cune-Albright syndrome, suggesting that he did not have precocious fusion of the epiphysis, a common finding in this syndrome. Unfortunately the patient refused any treatment for his disease. A similar case has been previously described only in a 14-year-old boy.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Current role of echography in the study of thoracic pathology].

Echotomographic examinations were performed in 64 patients suffering from thoracic wall, pleural, pulmonary and mediastinal diseases, after preliminary examinations using standard radiographic techniques. The value of echography in the detection and evaluation of the location and extent of the lesion is assessed. Particular stress is placed on the physical difficulties involved in the detection and correct evaluation of the relationship with the adjacent organs. The importance of echography in detecting the type of the lesion is under-lined and the semeiological criteria for its correct location are given.

Carcinoma, Bronchogenic↗
PubMed1987

[Role of echography in the study of retroperitoneal tumors].

Fourteen patients affected by primitive retroperitoneal tumors were examined by means of sonography in order to assess the value of this technique in this type of pathology. Ten patients underwent fine needle biopsy, 5 barium meal examination, 2 intravenous pyelography. In 8 patients CT was also performed. Surgical removal or explorative laparotomy followed by histological examination was performed in all patients. Sonography proved reliable in identifying and in assessing the type of the lesion (if associated with fine needle biopsy which was performed in 10 out of 14 patients). Sonography proved little less satisfactory in determining the site and the local extension of the lesion since the huge dimensions of the tumor did not always allow to use those semeiologic signs described in the literature. All tumors examined presented, in fact, as large masses, this fact indicating the scanty progress sonography has taken in the field of the early diagnosis. Since the huge dimensions of these tumors do not always allow a complete surgical removal, and because of their proven tendency of relapsing, the prognosis of these tumors seems to persist unfavourable notwithstanding the widespread use of sonography.

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Thyrotropin-releasing hormone-like material in human retina.

Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH)-like material was found in human retina obtained at autopsy from eyes used for corneal grafts. The TRH-like material was extracted with methanol and was found to be indistinguishable from synthetic TRH in its immunoreactivity and bioreactivity and in its proteolytic degradation by fresh human serum. The TRH concentration in human retina was similar to that reported in human cerebral cortex. These data are in keeping with the notion that the retina is an extension of the central nervous system. The physiological function of human retinal TRH in unknown: probably it acts as a neurotransmitter.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Psychobiological correlates of smoking in patients with erectile dysfunction.

Although it is clear that cigarette abuse is closely linked to sexual dysfunction, it is still unclear which are the psychobiological correlates of smoking among individuals with sexual dysfunction. The aim of the present study is the assessment of the organic, psychogenic and relational correlates of erectile dysfunction (ED) in outpatients with different smoking habits. We studied the psychobiological correlates of smoking behaviour in a consecutive series of 1150 male patients, seeking medical care for ED. All patients were investigated using a Structured Interview (SIEDY), which explores the organic, relational and intra-psychic components of ED, and a self-administered questionnaire for general psychopathology (MHQ). In addition, several biochemical and instrumental parameters were studied, to clarify the biological components underlying ED. Current smokers (CS) showed a higher activation of the hypothalamus-pituitary-testis axis (higher LH, testosterone and right testicular volume) and lower levels of both prolactin and TSH. Hormonal changes were reverted after smoking cessation. CS showed a higher degree of somatized anxiety and were more often unsatisfied of their occupational and domestic lifestyle. Smoking, as part of a risky behaviour, was significantly associated with abuse of alcohol and cannabis. Both CS and past smokers (PS) showed an impairment of subjective and objective (dynamic peak systolic velocity at penile duplex ultrasound) erectile parameters. This might be due to a direct atherogenic effect of smoking, a cigarette-induced alteration of lipid profile (higher triglyceride and lower HDL cholesterol in CS than in non-smokers or PS), or due to a higher use of medications potentially interfering with sexual function. This is the first comprehensive evaluation of the biological and intrapsychic correlates to the smoking habit. Our report demonstrates that smoking has a strong negative impact on male sexual life, even if it is associated at an apparently more sexual-favourable hormonal milieu.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Use of hydrogen peroxide is combination with drug cocktails in the treatment of thrombophlebitis and its sequelae and of in the treatment of varicose ulcer].

An association of hydrogen peroxide and drug cocktails was given interarterially and by slow arterial in 19 cases of lower extremity phlebopathy. Repair of ulcer lesions, even those of considerable extent, was achieved in a relatively short space of time, together with the disappearance of marked regression of subjective symptoms and local oedema.

Adrenochrome↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Small nodules of adenomatous hyperplasia in the cirrhotic liver. Treatment with percutaneous alcoholization].

Small adenomatous hyperplastic nodules (AHNs) are now detected with increasing frequency in cirrhotic livers thanks to the widespread use of ultrasonography (US) in patients with chronic liver disease. The management of these lesions, which are commonly considered as likely to evolve into hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs), is difficult: indeed, the surgical resection of a questionable neoplastic lesion does not seem advantageous, if surgical hazards are considered; on the contrary, the simple US/bioptic follow-up may be untimely in the detection of the malignant transformation. Percutaneous ethanol injection (PEI) under US guidance, already employed in the treatment of small HCCs, was recently proposed as a viable therapeutic alternative for AHNs. Our experience includes 16 AHNs submitted to PEI over a 2-year period. The size of the lesions ranged between 0.7 and 2.3 cm. Each nodule was treated on an outpatient basis with 6 weekly ethanol injections; the total amount of alcohol delivered to each lesion was 8-17 ml. No complications occurred. PEI induced volumetric reduction and/or structural modifications of the lesions; 10 of them were hardly differentiable from the surrounding parenchyma at the end of treatment. One month after PEI, CT allowed the detection of 13/16 AHNs; all of them resulted hypodense and showed no contrast enhancement. Repeated biopsies produced necrotic material in all cases. During the follow-up (10-33 months, mean 18.3) no recurrences were observed. At the moment, PEI seems to be the most appropriate therapeutic approach for small AHNs.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Use of echography in pathology of the maxillary sinuses].

Sonography has recently gained attention as a non-invasive technique improving the diagnostic accuracy of conventional radiology as regards the pathologic conditions of the maxillary sinus. Eighty-two patients with various pathologies of the maxillary sinus--i.e. acute/chronic sinusitis, mucocele, mucopyocele, polyp, and carcinoma--were submitted to US after preliminary conventional radiographs and before CT and surgical treatment (both performed in selected cases only). US proved useful in detecting liquid exudate, mucosal hypertrophy, and lesions of the anterior wall, while it was not as accurate in detecting lesions of the posterior wall (unless fluid was present) and in establishing the nature of a solid lesion. The last two conditions are those where CT is mainly indicated.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament using the patellar tendon: its magnetic resonance evaluation].

MRI of the knee was performed in 30 patients who had been submitted to arthroscopically-guided reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament from patellar tendon. The autograft structure was investigated and MR results were correlated with clinical findings. Partial/total meniscectomy had been carried out in 21/30 cases. The patients were imaged at various postoperative intervals (3-24 months) by means of an 0.5-T magnet (GE MR Max Plus) in full knee extension and internal rotation. Sagittal and axial T1-weighted images (slice thickness: 3 mm) were combined with real-time reconstruction which better demonstrated the whole graft. T2-weighted coronal images (slice thickness: 5 mm) were also acquired. In each patient the following clinical variables were considered: anterior drawer sign, Lachman test, pivot shift, degree of leg extension, and finally functional recovery. The following MR variables were then considered: structure and alignment of bone tunnels, structure and signal intensity of the graft, degree of synovial inflammation, structure and signal intensity of the posterior cruciate ligament and finally structure of the menisci and/or meniscal residues. Symptoms-MR correlation suggests that the different outcome of surgical reconstruction may depend on the correct alignment of the tibial and femoral bone tunnels and on good meniscal condition. Bone tunnels must be located on the same plane, posterior and parallel to the slope of the intercondylar roof, since angulation causes the latter to impact the graft during knee extension, with inflammation and risk for rupture. As for menisci, tiny residues or total ablation overload tha graft, whose signal increases and whose synovia becomes inflamed. The latter pattern is always distinguished from that of the autograft, whose signal intensity seems not to change in time. In conclusion, MR proved an accurate and non-invasive technique to image this kind of postoperative knee, since metallic artifacts do not reach the joint space.

Anterior Cruciate Ligament↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Hemophilic arthropathy: echography and radiology].

Our experience is reported with the combined use of radiology and US in the study of 210 joints of hemophilic patients. The study was carried out considering that in hemophilia the classification of the grades of disease generally relies upon X-ray findings which, although reliable in the advanced stages of the disease, appear inadequate in the early stages. In fact, synovial hypertrophy, cartilage erosions and initial subchondral cysts are most often missed on X-ray films. In the examined cases, US was employed to evaluate: 1) the degree of synovial hypertrophy, 2) the status of the explorable cartilage, 3) the presence of effusions and 4) the status of bone linings--whenever erosions, even of minimal extent, were suspected, X-rays were always performed and the results employed as the reference standard. The examined joints did not exhibit the same grade of involvement: the knee, elbow and ankle had advanced arthropathy in 85% of cases, corresponding to > or = 7 according to Pettersson score. On the contrary, the shoulder and hip were found to be equally involved either by initial (Pettersson score: 0-6) or by advanced arthropathy (Pettersson score: > or = 7). Moreover, in nearly 10% of the cases, hemarthrosis was found which showed no correlation with the grade of joint involvement. Our results indicate that: 1) US appears very useful in the early stages of the disease when the X-ray picture is negative or poorly significant. The demonstration of early alterations is useful mainly in those cases in whom synoviectomy is considered (for prevention); the latter is useful only if performed before cartilage erosion appear; 2) US appears equally useful in hemarthrosis cases, especially in those of limited extent in which the clinical therapeutic management may be difficult; 3) US appears unnecessary in the cases of advanced arthropathy in which X-rays serve as the reference standard.

Arthrography↗