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Biomedical subjects

A Cirla

Publications and source records attributed to A Cirla.

16 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1987

[Evaluation of the dose equivalent absorbed by the population of Como and surrounding area following the nuclear reactor accident at Chernobyl].

The effects produced as a consequence of the Chernobyl nuclear reactor accident in the population of Como are assessed on the basis of the measurements taken in the environment and on the food. Exposure measurements produced by external radiation and the activities of the different radionuclides introduced into the body, by ingestion and inhalation, made it possible to obtain an estimate of the dose equivalent and its somatic and genetic effects on the population. The results show that such effects may produce 0.5-2 cases of malignant tumour in the next 25 years and 0.2-1 case of genetic damage in the next 60 years and are therefore statistically insignificant.

Accidents↗
PubMed1976

Occupational type test for the etiological diagnosis of asthma due to toluene di-isocyanate.

An occupational type exposure-test to toluene di-isocyanate (TDI) for the diagnosis of specific respiratory sensitization is proposed. The subjects were tested by exposure to a two-pot polyurethane varnish with and without TDI activator, using a paint-spraying system under standard and controlled conditions, so as not to exceed the threshold limit value of TDI. Forced expiratory volume per second and specific airway resistance (plethysmographic method) were measured before each exposure and during the following 24 h. 47 subjects with clinical symptoms of asthma were examined during their hospital care. For the purpose of this study they were divided into two groups: 42 workers exposed to TDI and 5 not exposed. The preliminary control test, using polyurethane varnish without TDI activator, was always negative and no significant changes in ventilatory parameters were recorded. The spray-painting test, with the same varnish and TDI activator, gave positive responses in 35 out of the 42 exposed workers and negative findings in the group not exposed. This method permits to formulate an accurate diagnosis of TDI respiratory sensitization in the majority of cases (83%). Immediate asthmatic reactions were frequently observed in the exposed subjects with high acetylcholine reactivity. Ten subjects showed a late bronchial reaction (3 h or more after TDI exposure).

Acetylcholine↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Proposal of environmental and biological monitoring and health surveillance of the exposed to inhalation anesthetics. Consensus. A Study Group on Occupational Exposure to Inhalation Anesthetics].

The Study Group on Occupational Exposure to Inhalation Anaesthetics of the Lombardy Association of Occupational Health and Industrial Hygiene prepared a document that was discussed during the Congress "Occupational Risks due to Inhalation Anaesthetics", held in Brescia, Italy, on May 12, 1992. The same document was then approved by the Directory Council of the Lombardy Association of Occupational Health and Industrial Hygiene. Data on environmental concentrations of Nitrous Oxide collected from 1989 to 1991 in 269 operating rooms of 47 hospitals in Lombardy are reported. The measured levels are considerably lower than those collected from the same Study Group from 1985 to 1987 in 111 operating rooms. The methodologies for exposure control are discussed, regarding both environmental and biological monitoring. These two techniques are complementary and can be used with standardized methods. The review of the literature on the early effects showed, even with some uncertainty at the current exposure levels, effects on liver and Central Nervous System. Still controversial are the data regarding the reproductive toxicity. Health surveillance programs have been organized in the last 5 years in 18 Lombardy hospitals and they indicate no cases of pathologies due to inhalation anesthetics on 1498 subjects. Operative proposals are suggested on the methodology and the frequency of environmental/biological monitoring and health surveillance. The "technical limit values" reported in the document from the Italian Ministry of Health are also discussed. Finally, research topics are suggested in order to assess the early effects of exposure.

Anesthesia, Inhalation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Health surveillance of workers].

The main purposes of the health surveillance of workers exposed to anaesthetic gases are: a) the finding of disorders either reliable to the exposure or incompatible with the activity in the operating theatre; b) the epidemiological evaluation of the late effects. Simple and rigorous methods to estimate the previous and the current risk are suggested. The main data to be collected during the medical examination are indicated. The registration of the data of the reproductive function by a protocol of recording is proposed. For the health surveillance of workers in Health Care Institution it's advisable to establish an interdisciplinary group, referring to a specialist on occupational medicine.

Anesthesia, Inhalation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Urography with non-ionic contrast media. Multicenter experience on the optimization of the technic].

The authors report the results of a multicentric experience based on 1200 urograms performed with nonionic contrast medium. The global diagnostic reliability is evaluated, together with the specific reliability for kidneys, ureters, and bladder, according to the various pathologies. The eventual need of radiographs of completion is showed. In searching for an optimization of the technique for nonionic contrast medium, a panoramic radiograph performed 10' after the end of the injection is pointed out as the key-moment of the test, being extremely rich in information, so as to help defining the most appropriate technique to continue the examination. For its excellent tolerability and high reliability, the nonionic contrast medium is recommended also in routine IVP, not only in risk patients.

Chemical Phenomena↗