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Biomedical subjects

A Clavert

Publications and source records attributed to A Clavert.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1993

Alterations in the lipid composition of seminal plasma in patients with a chronic infection of the urogenital tract.

The lipid composition of seminal plasma was studied in 15 control subjects and 21 patients consulting for hypofertility and showing a chronic infection of the urogenital tract. In the infected patients a significant reduction in total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol and total phospholipids was noted. Moreover, there is a significant correlation between the rates of total cholesterol and prostatic acid phosphatases and the rates of phospholipids and proteins in seminal plasma. Knowing the role of lipids in the phenomena of maturation and capacitation of spermatozoa, such modifications enable us to understand better the functional anomalies of sperm observed in patients with chronic infection of the urogenital tract and also enable us to explain the effects of the infection on fertility.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1993

[Inflammatory proteins of the seminal fluid].

If the clinical asymptomatic infection of the genital tract is a very frequent diagnosis of the hypofertility, it's quite important to know if the infection is evolutive or not. The assessment of inflammatory proteins of the seminal plasma as albumin IgA, gamma-globulins, lysozyme allows to do the differential diagnosis. So, an increase of such proteins is the expression of an evolutive infection.

Albumins↗
PubMed1993

[Seminal fluid, bacteria, and spermatozoa ].

The antibacterial function of the seminal plasma is subdivided in: inhibition of the bacterial proliferation; inhibition of the bacterial adherence; reduction of the concentration of coiled tail spermatozoas. The reduction of the antibacterial activity of the seminal plasma can explain the high frequency of the genital tract reinfection.

Bacteria↗
PubMed1991

Antispermatozoal autoantibodies and genital infection.

The aim of this study was to evaluate why high levels of antispermatozoa autoantibodies (SPZAA) in seminal fluid represent a particularly detrimental factor in male fertility. We studied a population of 219 patients consulting us on conjugal sterility associated with an initial asthenospermia. We looked in each case for the presence of SPZAA at the surface of spermatozoa in the seminal fluid and in the serum. We found 31 patients positive for surface SPZAA, 26 of whom had urogenital infections. We also demonstrated statistically significant correlations between high levels of SPZAA in seminal fluid and both a reduction in ejaculate volume and a tendency to oligospermia. A similar correlation was found between the reduction in ejaculate volume and oligospermia. These results suggest that urogenital infection is at present the main cause of SPZAA production, that testicular damage is frequently associated with apparently isolated glandular damage, and above all that a high level of SPZAA in seminal fluid has a more detrimental effect on male fertility due to more severe genital (glandular and testicular) damage.

Autoantibodies↗
PubMed1991

[Lipid composition of peritoneal and follicular ovulatory fluid from patients participating in an in vitro fertilization protocol].

The aim of this work is to study and compare lipid composition of peritoneal and ovulatory follicular fluid of women. The studied patients are involved in a FIV protocol. We have studied 53 peritoneal fluids and 90 follicular fluids from 33 patients. On each sample the following parameters are estimated: cholesterol, triglycerides, phospholipids, non esterified fatty acids (A.G.N.E.), HDL and LDL cholesterol, HDL and LDL phospholipids. Lipid composition of follicular and peritoneal fluids differ from these of blood plasma. The two mediums studies show no differences with regard to their lipid composition. In both cholesterol is only found as HDL cholesterol. Cholesterol arising from spermatozoa membranes may be implicated in capacitation phenomenon. HDL Cholesterol, the only form found in the studied mediums, may act as a cholesterol acceptor. Theses two points partially explain the fact that follicular and peritoneal fluids are good mediums for capacitation and survival of spermatozoa.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Functions of the seminal vesicle.

The seminal vesicle is a gland which appeared late in the evolution of placental mammals. Vesiculectomy leads to very serious subfertility demonstrating the important role of this gland. Secretions of the seminal vesicle act during coitus and the maturation of the spermatozoon, on its mobility, its freezing capacity and the condensation of chromatin. These secretions also act on the female genital tract because they possess immunodepressive capacity. Due to their high concentration of prostaglandins, they can modify the contraction of smooth muscle. As shown by the animal model, they have an antibacterial role in the male genital tract. This explains the relatively low frequency of purely vesicular infections in human pathology.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Lipid composition of human seminal plasma.

This study aims at determining the amounts of cholesterol, triglycerides, phospholipids, and nonesterified fatty acids in man's seminal liquid and determining their possible variations linked with the ways of taking and congealing samples. It concludes the determinations of lipids in human seminal liquid are reproducible; the way of taking samples has no real influence; however, it seems best to centrifuge sperm immediately after liquefaction to avoid use of triglycerides and NEFA by the spermatozoa.

Cholesterol↗
PubMed1989

[Comparative study of the lipid composition of seminal fluid and ovulatory peritoneal fluid in humans].

Sperm capacitation is accompanied by changes in the lipid composition of the sperm membrane. The purpose of this study is to compare the lipid composition of the semen with that of peritoneal fluid. These two media have opposite effects on sperm capacitation. Cholesterol, triglyceride and phospholipids were measured in seminal fluid (15 specimens) obtained by sperm centrifugation immediately after liquefaction and in the peritoneal fluid at ovulation (15 specimens) obtained through transvaginal puncture. The lipid composition of these two media is different from that of serum. Seminal fluid is characterized by a high level of phospholipids, 14.79 +/- 3.67 g/l as against 0.53 +/- 0.12 g/l in peritoneal fluid. The level of cholesterol is identical in the two media. The cholesterol/phospholipid ratio is therefore lower in seminal fluid than in peritoneal fluid (0.022/0.79). Lecithins are raised in peritoneal fluid as are sphingomyelins and the phosphatidylethanolamines, which are the most important phospholipids in seminal fluid. It therefore can be postulated that the cholesterol/phospholipid ratio, which is low in seminal fluid, and its richness in sphingomyelin brings about stabilization of the membrane cover which corresponds to a decapacitated state, whereas the cholesterol/phospholipid ratio, which is higher in peritoneal fluid, makes for greater fluidity, and this corresponds to the state of capacitation. These preliminary results obtained from human material do not in any way contradict those obtained from animal studies.

Ascitic Fluid↗
PubMed1987

Successful artificial insemination in Lemur fulvus mayottensis.

A method is reported for collection of sperm by electrostimulation or prostatic massage in order to carry out artificial in utero insemination in Lemur fulvus mayottensis. Using fresh sperm, one success out of 7 attempts was obtained, although it was achieved with a vesiculectomized male.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Acute vesiculitis and its prostatic complications caused by E. coli in the rat.

Injection of solutions of E. coli leads to vesiculitis which regresses spontaneously, and to interstitial prostatitis. Castration preceding experimental injection of a bacterial solution modifies the progression of the vesiculitis which then becomes chronic. Infection does not seem to diffuse via the lympathic system, even after castration.

Acute Disease↗