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Biomedical subjects

A Coşkun

Publications and source records attributed to A Coşkun.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2004

Alveolar echinococcosis of the liver: correlative color Doppler US, CT, and MRI study.

PURPOSE: To determine and compare the imaging features of hepatic alveolar Echinococcosis using color Doppler US, CT, and MRI. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Abdominal CT and MRI with and without contrast agents and color Doppler US were performed on seven patients with hepatic alveolar Echinococcosis. The lesions were evaluated for location, features of echogenicity, intensity and density, calcification, and vascular, hilar, and perihepatic involvement. The diagnosis was confirmed histopathologically in all patients. RESULTS: Six patients had solitary lesions, and one displayed multiple lesions. The lesions were generally seen as heterogeneous and hyper- or hypoechoic when imaged with color Doppler US, hypodense with CT, and hypointense with MRI, in comparison with the liver parenchyma. Calcification, central necrosis, and small peripheral cysts were observed in six, seven, and four patients, respectively. Vascular flow or contrast enhancement was not observed in any of the cases. A look at the respective advantages of each method reveals that calcification was best rendered visible via CT, small peripheral cysts with T2-weighted MRI, central necrosis with CT and MRI, and perihepatic invasion with multiplanar MRI. Vascular involvement was revealed by all methods. CONCLUSION: Color Doppler US, CT, and MR imaging function extremely well as complementary methods in the diagnosis of HAE. Color Doppler US should be performed in these patients owing to its ability to efficiently detect the disease. Knowledge of imaging characteristics makes it possible to radiologically ascertain an early diagnosis.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Childhood Guillain-Barré syndrome. MR imaging in diagnosis and follow-up.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the value of serially obtained spinal MR images in the diagnosis and clinical follow-up of childhood Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), and the time period for resolution of contrast enhancement during the course of illness. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Contrast-enhanced spinal MR images of 11 pediatric patients with GBS were reviewed prospectively. In the first group of 6 patients, follow-up MR was performed three times after the 1st, 3rd and 6th months after onset of the disease. In the second group (the other 5 patients) who had not accepted serial MR examinations, control MR was repeated once after 1 year. Patients were graded clinically into five categories according to their initial clinical signs and symptoms and three grades (mild, moderate and severe) according to level of contrast enhancement on T1-weighted images to correlate the severity of enhancement with clinical findings and recovery. RESULTS: Ten of the 11 patients revealed contrast enhancement in varying degrees in the spinal nerve roots surrounding the conus medullaris and extending the length of the cauda equina. One patient showed no contrast enhancement. Anterior nerve roots enhanced more intensely than the posterior roots in 3 patients. Follow-up MR images in all patients revealed diminishing or resolving contrast enhancement in the nerve roots as the clinical symptoms improved. CONCLUSION: We suggest contrast-enhanced spinal MR imaging as a supplementary diagnostic modality in diagnosing GBS, especially when the clinical and electrophysiological findings are equivocal. Follow-up images may play a role in predicting the clinical course of the disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis.

PURPOSE: To assess complications of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) in uremic patients with and without clinical symptoms by CT peritoneography. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 64 patients with end-stage renal disease and on continuous CAPD were investigated. Twenty-eight had some clinical symptoms, which might be related to the complications of CAPD. Thirty-six patients had no complaints or symptoms due to the dialysis treatment. RESULTS: CT peritoneography revealed various complications including hernias (50%), dialysate leakage (46%), localized fluid collection (4%) and peritoneal adhesions (4%) in the patients who had clinical symptoms that might be related to the dialysis treatment. Moreover, similar complications were found in the asymptomatic patients at a lower rate: hernia (3%), dialysate leakage (17%), peritoneal adhesions (3%) and abdominal wall laxity (3%). Complication detection rate by CT peritoneography was 68% (n=19) in the symptomatic patients and 22% (n=8) in the asymptomatic patients. The number of complications found in each group was significant. CONCLUSION: CT peritoneography was an effective modality in detecting complications from CAPD in patients with and without clinical symptoms.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Incidence and aetiological factors in pilonidal sinus among Turkish soldiers.

OBJECTIVE: To study the incidence and causes of pilonidal sinus in Turkish soldiers. DESIGN: Open study by questionnaire. SETTING: Military and University hospitals, Turkey. SUBJECTS: 1000 soldiers who presented for their first medical examination. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Correlation between factors known to be associated with pilonidal sinus, and incidence of pilonidal sinus. RESULTS: 88/1000 soldiers had pilonidal sinuses; in 48 they were symptomatic and in 40 asymptomatic. The factors associated with the presence of a pilonidal sinus were: family history of pilonidal sinus (18/88 compared with 32/912, p < 0.0001); obesity defined as weight over 90 kg (34/88 compared with 32/912, p < 0.0001); being the driver of a vehicle (58/88 compared with 308/912, p < 0.0001); and the incidence of folliculitis or a furuncle at another site on the body (22/88 compared with 64/912, p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: Pilonidal sinus is an acquired condition, penetration of hair is the main cause, and the disease can be prevented if the aetiological factors are understood.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Carnitine levels in patients with chronic rheumatic heart disease.

OBJECTIVE: Carnitine, a small aminoacid derivative plays a major role in fatty acid oxidation. Myocardial carnitine deficiency may cause malfunction of the heart. Rheumatic valvular heart disease can be associated with myocardial dysfunction. We have investigated myocardial and plasma-free carnitine levels in patients with chronic rheumatic heart disease. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Eleven patients with chronic rheumatic heart disease requiring valve replacement were selected for study. Ten patients with no cardiac failure, myocardial wall motion abnormalities and myocardial infarction and for whom coronary bypass surgery was planned were selected as the control group. Carnitine levels of myocardial tissue obtained from the right atrium and plasma during the operation were evaluated using spectrophotometric method. Myocardial-free carnitine levels expressed as mumol/g (dry weight) were determined according to Ceberblad and Lindstedt technique. RESULTS: Myocardial-free carnitine levels in patients were found to be 0.72 +/- 0.37 mumol/g (dry weight) in comparison with 1.44 +/- 1.03 mumol/g (dry weight) in the control group. Myocardial-free carnitine levels in patients were statistically decreased when compared to control group. Plasma-free carnitine levels in patients were 80.91 +/- 28.22 mumol/L and 89.52 +/- 48.21 mumol/L in the control group, respectively. There was no significant difference between plasma-free carnitine levels of the groups. CONCLUSION: In our study, myocardial-free carnitine levels were decreased while plasma-free carnitine levels were normal in patient with chronic rheumatic heart disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Rat diaphragm muscle contraction with and without oxygen enrichment.

We investigated the effect of deprivation of oxygen circulation in the organ bath on the tension generation of the diaphragm in vitro. Adult male Swiss Albino rats were quickly killed and the left hemidiaphragms removed. Isolated phrenic nerve-diaphragmatic strip preparations were placed in an individual organ chamber containing Krebs solution and were connected to a force displacement transducer. The solution was maintained at 32 degrees C and bubbled with 95% O2-5% CO2. For the measurement of isometric twitch characteristics, supramaximal voltage was delivered via phrenic nerve electrodes. After turning off the gas circulation, isometric twitch characteristics were determined at 5, 10, 15, and 20 minutes. Then the muscle was allowed to recover under aerobic conditions (i.e., while bathed in a fresh solution, gassed with 95% O2-5% CO2). The isometric contractile properties were determined at the same intervals. In spite of no change in contraction time (CT) and relaxation time (1/2 RT), twitch amplitude (Pt) decreased following the termination of oxygen circulation (p < 0.05). The twitch tension improved in the recovery period but the decrease of tension developed more rapidly than the increase of tension development. We suggest that the decrease in the twitch tension was possibly due to a direct effect of intracellular acidosis. This study shows that no important change occurred in Ca+2 release and/or in the uptake in the sarcoplasmic reticulum, because of the finding of the CT and 1/2 RT values.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Attitudes of pediatricians toward psychiatric consultations.

This study attempts to evaluate the psychiatric consultation services in both a university and a non-university children's hospital by requesting opinions from 121 pediatricians. A 26-item questionnaire asked pediatricians to comment on the percentage of their patients with psychological problems and their level of ease in dealing with them, problems making psychiatric referrals, and their level of satisfaction with psychiatric consultations and other consultation activities. There were no significant differences between the attitudes of physicians from the two hospitals. Overall, the level of satisfaction was very low, indicating a need for a better working relationship between pediatric and child psychiatry units. There appears to be a high level of readiness on the pediatricians' side to enhance the relationship between the two clinical disciplines.

Adjustment Disorders↗