PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

A Cochran

Publications and source records attributed to A Cochran.

27 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Reactivity of neoplastic cells of hairy cell leukemia with antisera to S-100 protein.

Rabbit antibodies to bovine S-100 protein were tested by immunoperoxidase technics against fresh hairy cell leukemia (HCL) cells obtained from nine patients (peripheral blood in six and spleen in three), as well as lymphoblastoid cell lines derived from three patients with HCL. Peripheral mononuclear cells from three normal persons and two patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and cells from two melanoma lines were used as controls. The melanoma cell lines, cell lines derived from patients with HCL, and fresh HCL cells displayed cytoplasmic and nuclear positivity after exposure to anti-S-100 protein sera. By contrast, normal peripheral blood lymphocytes and CLL cells were negative for S-100 protein. Additional studies were performed by immunoperoxidase technics on representative sections of formalin-fixed splenic tissues from eight patients who had splenectomies. The cause of splenectomy was HCL in three, traumatic rupture in one, CLL in one, Hodgkin's disease in one, and hypersplenism in two patients. Sections from all three HCL patients showed moderate to marked positivity with antisera to S-100 protein. These results strongly suggest the presence of S-100 protein in HCL cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

S100 protein: a marker for human malignant melanomas?

S100 protein is a nervous-system-specific cytoplasmic protein which is also present in human malignant melanoma cell lines. To test for its tumour specificity, biopsy specimens from normal tissue and a wide variety of tumours were tested for S100 by complement fixation and immunofluorescence tests. S100 was present in all of thirteen samples of malignant melanoma tissue and absent from nineteen samples of non-melanocytic tumours, and from normal skin and normal lymph nodes. S100 levels did not correlate with tyrosinase activity in the tissues examined. Detection and measurement of S100 protein may help distinguish poorly differentiated amelanotic malignant melanoma from tumours of obscure histological origin; they may also aid the detection of micrometastatic disease in the lymph nodes and other tissues of melanoma patients.

Complement Fixation Tests↗
PubMed1980

Difficulties encountered in the application of Clark classification and the Breslow thickness measurement in cutaneous malignant melanoma.

The purpose of this study was to analyse the reproducibility of Clark's classification and Breslow's measure of tumor thickness to determine if there is general agreement among pathologists regarding these parameters and whether these pathologists reach consistent conclusions concerning each slide. Three successive workshops including a panel of pathologists were held at Amsterdam, in May 1977; at Villejuif in June 1977, followed by circulation of slides and at Villejuif again, in June 1978, followed by slide projection. This was necessary because of the great divergencies of opinion noted at the first meeting at Amsterdam. These sessions gave a better understanding of the divergencies and finally indicated that general agreement could only be reached by slide presentation followed by discussion. Regarding histogenesis, agreement between pathologists was improved after discussion from 6/11 cases to 11/13 cases. Regarding the level, no initial agreement was reached (Amsterdam). At the second meeting an agreement was obtained in 4/13 cases and finally in 11/13 cases (Villejuif). Clark's classification is more difficult to use than Breslow's because it depends on a discontinuous variable, the choice of the infiltration level. Breslow's classification, on the other hand, is based on a continuous variable. Because of frequent discrepancies, the classification of patients into various therapeutic groups according to Clark's level and Breslow's thickness necessitates that all cases including in therapeutic trials be reviewed by a panel of pathologists.

Histological Techniques↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Sumatriptan suppositories for the acute treatment of migraine. S2B351 Study Group.

A randomised, double-blind, parallel-group, placebo-controlled trial was undertaken to assess the efficacy and tolerability of the sumatriptan suppository in 184 patients with acute migraine. Patients used a sumatriptan suppository (12.5 mg or 25 mg) or placebo at home for the treatment of a moderate or severe migraine attack and those who experienced headache recurrence within 24 hours of dosing had the option to repeat the dose. By 2 hours post-dose, 68% of patients in the sumatriptan 25 mg group and 47% of patients in the sumatriptan 12.5 mg group compared with 25% of placebo patients achieved headache relief. Relief rates 2 hours post-dose for nausea, vomiting, photophobia and phonophobia were similar to those reported 2 hours post-dose for headache. Post hoc review of the recurrence data showed that administration of a second suppository was effective in alleviating recurrent headache in over 80% of the sumatriptan-treated patients experiencing recurrence. No serious or unusual adverse events were reported, and the pattern and incidence of adverse events did not vary as a function of dose. These data demonstrate that the sumatriptan suppository is a well-tolerated, effective treatment for the acute treatment of migraine pain and its associated symptoms.

Administration, Rectal↗