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Biomedical subjects

A Codina

Publications and source records attributed to A Codina.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Cluster headache. A clinical study].

The personal experience with cluster headache in 108 patients is reported. Significant clinical findings included a clear male predominance, with a male/female prevalence ratio of 4.7/1, the persistent homolateral character of pain during the attacks, seen in 100% of cases, and the tendency to repeat the attacks on the same side (96%). The cluster headache predominated during spring and the painful crisis, in our experience, had a clear nocturnal predominance. Regarding the signs and symptoms accompanying pain, our series was similar to those in the international literature, except for a smaller prevalence of Horner's sign in our cases. The association with tenderness of the carotid territory ipsilateral to pain is reported here for the first time. The importance of a correct anamnesis of all parameters associated with pain is emphasized in the present study, as in many patients only a detailed investigation permits an adequate clinical definition.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Polyneuropathy associated with human immunodeficiency virus infection].

We report five patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in stages IV-C1, IV-C2 and IV-D who developed peripheral polyneuropathy (PNP). Two patients had invalidating PNP with a demyelinating predominance, while in the remaining three axonal component predominated. However, both components were present in different degrees in all patients. We have observed two cases with transition from one type of PNP to the other during the course of the disease. Inflammatory polyradiculoneuropathy usually develops in the initial stages of the infection, while the distal axonal type is more commonly seen in patients with advanced infection. The possibility that PNP could have, in these patients, a common etiology and pathogenesis with variable clinical and electrophysiological expression is discussed.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1990

Cisternographic pattern of spontaneous liquoral hypotension.

We describe five cases of headache due to spontaneous liquoral hypotension, the syndrome comprising sudden, intense and oppressive orthostatic holocranial headache. The headache improved in the recumbent position and was accompanied by nausea and sometimes vomiting. There was no history of lumbar puncture or previous trauma. CSF tension was low or negative. The CSF showed a raised protein content and increased red and white cell counts. CT scan was normal or showed a slit ventricular system. Improvement was complete three to eight weeks from onset. The treatment consisted of bed rest and oral and parenteral fluid replacement. An isotope cisternography carried out in all patients while the headache was present showed a cisternographic pattern characterized by a combination of premature elimination and failure to detect the isotope at the cerebral convexity. Scan images did not show CSF leakage at any site. This stereotyped reaction pattern suggests that CSF hyperabsorption is the most likely pathophysiological mechanism of this entity.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Ischemic stroke in young adults. II. Analysis of risk factors in the etiological subgroups.

A prospective study on 386 consecutive patients affected of ischemic stroke (IS) has been analysed in relation to etiologies, comparing them with a control group of 100 people. The atherotrombotic etiology subgroups are associated with family history of stroke, risk factors, atheromatosis, occlusive peripheral arteriopathy, previous of stroke, high levels of hematocrit and hemoglobin, impaired lipid fractions and high levels of uric acid. The cardiac embolism etiology subgroups are associated with the presence of personal history of stroke, just as the mitral valva prolapse (MVP) patients group. The migraine group is significantly related with the intake of oral contraceptives.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Multi-infarct dementia associated with antiphospholipid antibodies. Presentation of 2 cases].

Two patients with positive antiphospholipid antibody and early multi-infarction dementia as a presenting feature of their illness are reported. One was included in the so called primary antiphospholipid antibody syndrome, while the second one met the criteria for systemic lupus erythematosus. We point out to the presence of aortic regurgitation in one of the patients and its possible relation with these antibodies. Although the precise mechanism of thrombosis is incompletely known, the recognition of this type of dementia is of paramount importance as it is a potentially treatable condition.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Symptomatic cluster headache? Apropos of 4 case reports].

Four patients were referred to our headache unit with characteristic clinical features of cluster headache which was subsequently attributed to other underlying conditions. To the previously reported occurrence of meningioma of the lesser wing of the sphenoid and cerebral arteriovenous malformation, we may now add for the first time two cases of maxillary sinusitis. In addition to accurate history taking, some factors are relevant for the diagnosis of these symptomatic forms of cluster headache, such as the occurrence of neurological abnormalities during or between the attacks; these should prompt the clinician to carry out neuroradiological studies, in spite of the low prevalence of these symptomatic forms in our series of 100 patients. We review the several etiologies reported in the literature, and we discuss the pathogenetical mechanism whereby these conditions may result in a type of headache of such peculiar chronological features.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Migraine-related stroke: brain infarction in superior cerebellar artery territory demonstrated by nuclear magnetic resonance.

We report 4 cases of migraine-related stroke in young females. Two patients were taking oral contraceptives and one was pregnant. The results of the computerized tomography of the brain were negative in 3 patients and partially positive in one, while NMR showed ischemic lesions in the posterior fossa in each case. We would like to highlight the value of NMR in the assessment of migraine associated with prolonged focal neurologic deficiencies when the clinical examination revealed brain stem or cerebellar signs and the peculiar localization of the ischemic lesion that corresponded in all 4 cases to the area irrigated by the superior cerebellar artery. An hormonal factor is suspected as the precipitating event of this complication in 3 of these patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Ischemic stroke in young adults. I. Analysis of the etiological subgroups.

An ischemic stroke (IS) group including 386 patients under 50 years old is analysed taking into account different etiological subgroups and comparing risk factors against a control group of 100 people. The series points out the presence of 66.1% patients included in the inconclusive-atherothrombosis group, of which 22.7% had defined criteria of atheromatosis, while 11.6% were diagnosed of lacunar infarct. 13.5% of cases were considered as cardiac origin embolisms, and 14.1% were affected of mitral valve prolapse. The migraine group includes 4.9% of the patients while 17.6% belong to the miscellaneous group. The comparison of each of these groups with the control group showed significant differences for family history of stroke, personal history of peripheral arteriopathy, tobacco, arterial hypertension and previous IS.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Carotid artery disease induced by irradiation].

We have evaluated 39 patients with ischemic strokes secondary to atherosclerotic disease of the extracranial carotid artery. Seven of them had been treated in the past with cervical radiotherapy for neoplastic diseases (radiotherapy group); the remaining 32 patients had not received radiation therapy (non-radiotherapy group). When the prevalence of risk factors was compared between the two groups, there was a significantly higher prevalence of peripheral arterial disease (p less than 0.05), hypertension (p less than 0.05) and atherogenicity index lower than 21.5% (p less than 0.05) in the non-radiotherapy group. Regarding angiographic data, the radiotherapy group showed a significantly higher occurrence of localized findings than the non-radiotherapy group (p less than 0.005). It is concluded that radiation-induced carotid disease is a clinical condition which may be individualized from the remaining patients with atherosclerotic carotid artery disease.

Carotid Artery Diseases↗