Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to A Cornil.
After a retrospective study of 17 cases of caustic intoxication in the intensive care unit, the epidemiologic, pathophysiologic, clinic and therapeutic aspects are reviewed. The following procedure is suggested: early endoscopies, abstention of any gastric lavage, corticosteroids and empiric antibiotic therapy and the most early possible introduction of a parenteral nutrition.
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We report the case of a 25-year-old woman who voluntary swallowed mercuric oxycyanide and presented an anuric acute renal failure. The treatment was classically based upon the use of chelating agents and haemodialysis. Recovery of renal function was excellent. We discuss then more widely the clinical, physiopathologic and therapeutic aspects of acute intoxication with inorganic mercury salts.
Bronchial tumors invading the mediastinum are no longer systematically regarded as inoperable. Curative surgery has produced a significant survival rate and led to the adaptation of the TNM classification. The degree of invasion of the pulmonary artery is a criterion of operability. The authors are trying to assess the role of MRI with regard to CT and DSA for the measurement of invasion. Their study deals with the prospective assessment of ten patients. The MRI examinations have been carried out with a 0.5 and 1.5 T supraconductive magnet (Philips Gyroscan). Cardiac gating has been used for acquisition. The planes of section are axial, transverse or oblique along the greater axis of the pulmonary arteries. CT examinations in 9-mm thick sections with and IV contrast injection demonstrate the contact of the tumor with the mediastinum. The digital angiograms have been taken with an intravenous injection into a vein of the bend of the elbow or into a femoral vein. Six cases have been verified at surgery. In all cases, the invasion predicted with MRI proved to be correctly assessed. In three cases, MRI provides additional information to the combined findings of CT and DSA. MRI is a good complement for the preoperative assessment of patients with large tumors invading the mediastinum but for which curative surgery is indicated.
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The thermal effects of Nd:YAG, argon, and CO2 laser beams are observed on enamel, dentin, and dental pulp by means of computerized infrared thermography and thermocouple. This study shows that the Nd:YAG laser beam deeply diffuses through the enamel and dentin to the pulp. The argon laser effects are inconsistent depending on whether the enamel surface is cleaned, but after cleaning, the superficial and deep temperatures are low. With the CO2 laser, the enamel and dentin surfaces reach very high temperatures, but only low temperatures are measured in the pulp chamber.
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A 24 year old woman with pulmonary embolism and a past history of echinococcal disease underwent echocardiography which detected two cysts in the right ventricle which became more solid after treatment with mebendazole. The surgical and pathological findings confirmed the presence of the two cysts and the hydatid nature of the lesion.
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This report describes a patient who presented with coma and acute pulmonary edema after severe carbon monoxide poisoning. Hemodynamic evaluation revealed elevated systemic and pulmonary arterial, pulmonary wedge and right atrial pressures, together with an increased cardiac output. These findings are compatible with the hypothesis that a neurogenic mechanism plays a role in the pulmonary edema of carbon monoxide poisoning.
Three cases of central nervous system complications of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infections are reported. There were several atypical findings: the first patient presented with an acute disseminated encephalitis with normal cerebrospinal fluid and hypogammaglobulinaemia. The second patient presented with a left sixth nerve palsy followed six weeks later by choreoathetoid movements and an acute psychosis. The third patient presented with an acute encephalitis associated with acute renal failure secondary to rhabdomyolysis and was the only patient who did not completely recover; he was discharged akinetic and mute, but with normal renal function. The diagnosis of complications of Mycoplasma pneumoniae may be difficult. In two of the three cases a raised red blood cell volume secondary to a high titre of cold agglutinins rapidly led to the correct diagnosis.