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Biomedical subjects

A Crippa

Publications and source records attributed to A Crippa.

72 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Chemoprevention of breast cancer with fenretinide (4-HPR): study of long-term visual and ophthalmologic tolerability.

BACKGROUND: Fenretinide (4-HPR) is a synthetic retinoid being clinically tested in the chemoprevention of different tumors and precancerous lesions. Though safer than many other retinoids in experimental models, in humans 4-HPR may induce adverse effects that mainly affect the eye and visual function. Such effects are thought to be caused by the reduction of plasma retinol levels, which occurs after administration of the retinoid. METHODS: A series of 826 women treated with 4-HPR was studied to quantify the incidence and temporal pattern of occurrence of visual (dark adaptation) and ophthalmologic complaints (ocular dryness, lacrimation, conjunctivitis or photophobia) and to investigate the possible association between their occurrence and plasma retinol levels. RESULTS: The cumulative incidence of visual complaints reached nearly 20% at 5 years. The occurrence of these symptoms was more frequent at the start of treatment. The probability of developing visual complaints was significantly higher in patients with lower plasma retinol concentrations following 4-HPR treatment. The cumulative incidence of ophthalmologic complaints was 8% at 5 years. The occurrence of these complaints was evenly distributed during treatment. Ophthalmologic complaints were not associated with a greater degree of reduction of plasma retinol concentrations, but rather with the patient's age, since symptomatic patients were generally older than asymptomatic patients. CONCLUSIONS: Visual and ophthalmologic complaints are common during 4-HPR treatment; their estimated 5-year cumulative incidence is close to 20% and 8%, respectively. However, the pattern of occurrence over time and the underlying mechanisms of these two types of complaints seem different.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Intraerythrocyte folates and leukocytic neutrophil segmentation in macrocytosis in patients with liver disease].

The problem of macrocytosis above all concerns deficiences and the study of these aspects is particularly important in hepatopathic patients for therapeutic purposes. A state of deficiency can also be revealed in morphological terms by the assessment of the hypersegmentation of polymorphonucleate neutrophil leucocytes. In the group of hepatopathic patients included in the study there was no significant differences in vitamin B12 concentrations in comparison to normal values, whereas mean levels of serum folates were decreased, although still within the normal range. It is worth underlining that to evaluate vitamin B12 it is necessary to measure analogous inefficient components from a metabolic point of view and the assessment of serum folates is not important as an index of normal erythropoietic activity. To overcome this limitation, we assayed intraerythrocytic folates which are vitamin-B12-dependent and these too proved to be within the normal range. Leucocyte hypersegmentation was also excluded by evaluating the mean of PMN lobes. A clearly normal RDW was also observed in macrocytic anemia in hepatopathic patients and this may represent a further difference from hepatocytic macrocytosis.

Erythrocytes↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Induction of ovulation with pulsatile GnRH: comparison between subcutaneous and intravenous administration in the same patients.

In this study we compared the results obtained during GnRH pulsatile therapy for ovulation induction in the same patients receiving successively GnRH by subcutaneous (10 mcg/90') and intravenous route (2.5 or 5 mcg/90'). Our data suggest that intravenous administration is the most effective procedure for restoring fertility, either in terms of hormonal levels (oestradiol and gonadotropin peaks) or ovulation rate (100% of ovulatory cycles on GnRH treatment versus 25% on subcutaneous administration). With regard to intravenous GnRH therapy, the dose of 2.5 mcg/90' may be more advisable and safe from ovarian overstimulation.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The portal hypertension syndrome. Limitations of medical treatment and prevention of complications].

The aetiopathogenesis of portal hypertension and the hepatic and renal haemodynamics involved in the syndrome are reviewed. Medical treatment possibilities are then considered in the light of the mechanisms underlying the condition. Modalities of diuretic treatment and the possibilities of controlling it in order to prevent the onset of a hepato-renal syndrome are discussed, particular attention being paid to the role of volaemia.

Antihypertensive Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Evaluation of the liver cell clearance fraction before and after treatment with alpha-mercaptopropionylglycine in chronic hepatopathies].

The effectiveness of alpha-MPG management was evaluated in terms of changes in the liver cell depuration fraction in patients who presented reduced a levels. There was a marked improvement occasionally to the point of normalisation, in patients with toxic hepatosis. Variations were less significant in cirrhosis, especially in patients with a very low liver metabolism flow. No conclusions could be draw in the case of subjects with chronic heaptitis of various aetiology, since their DF was normal under basal conditions. It seems reasonable to suppose that further improvements are obtainable from prolonged administration of the drug.

Amino Acids, Sulfur↗