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Biomedical subjects

A Czyzyk

Publications and source records attributed to A Czyzyk.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Health behaviour and its determinants among insulin-dependent diabetics. Results of the diabetes Warsaw study.

Health behaviour of a group of insulin-dependent diabetics and some factors influencing it have been described and analyzed. Aspects of health behaviour measured were: adherence to diet, insulin injection technique, urine self-testing and the pattern of action adopted in response to hypo- and hyperglycemia. Data were collected in 1975, from 170 insulin-dependent diabetics, aged 18-41, with known diabetes of from 6 months to 12 years duration. A standard questionnaire included items on health behaviour, knowledge of the disease and other factors. Of the subjects studied only 40% stated that they adhered to diet prescription. Occasional insulin injections were missed by 15%. Half the patients restricted diet or increased insulin dose in hyperglycemia but only 18% regularly tested urine for sugar. An important determinant of health behaviour was the level of understanding of the disease, which was found to be low among 58%. The present health education system for diabetic patients in Poland is discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Mortality from cardiovascular diseases among diabetics.

A retrospective analysis of a cohort of 5210 diabetic patients revealed a mortality rate 1.3 times higher than in the general population of Warsaw. The higher death rate in the cohort under study was mainly due to an excess mortality from coronary heart disease and cerebrovascular disease. The excess mortality was greater in men than in women. Th risk of death from cardiovascular diseases was higher among the patients with early onset diabetes. Mortality from cerebrovascular disease was highest in patients treated with insulin, intermediate in the group treated with oral drugs, and lowest in the group treated only with diet. The mortality ratio from coronary heart disease in men was not related to the method of hypoglycaemic therapy given at the onset or during the course of the diabetes. In women, the highest mortality was in the group treated with insulin, intermediate in the group treated with oral agents, and lowest in the group treated with diet only.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Is cigarette smoking more frequent among insulin-treated diabetics?

During epidemiologic investigations of vascular complications of diabetes in Warsaw the habit of cigarette smoking was analyzed in the subjects studied (4,530 diabetics). It was found that in the group of diabetics the number of ex-smokers was much greater (p less than 0.01) and that of present smokers lower (p less tan 0.01) than in a representative sample of the Warsaw population. Furthermore, it was observed that in the subgroup of insulin-treated diabetics the number of smokers was highest and the number of ex-smokers and nonsmokers was lowest in relations to other treatment subgroups.

Diabetes Complications↗
PubMed1975

The effect of phenformin on amino acid-induced insulin secretion in diabetics.

Twenty-one patients with mild maturity-onset diabetes were given introduodenal infusions of an amino acid mixture (0.5 g amino acids per kg body weight). In 9 other patients L-arginine was infused intravenously in a constant dose of 25 g. Alpha-amino nitrogen, blood glucose and plasma insulin levels were assayed under control conditions and after three days of treatment with phenformin, 150 mg daily, plus the same 150 mg dose 60 min before the second loading. Intraduodenal infusion of the amino acid mixture provoked a greater increase in plasma insulin than intravenous infusion of L-arginine, this increase being significantly inhibited by phenformin only in the first case. Since no evident influence of phenformin on the intestinal absorption of amino acids could be demonstrated, this effect may be explained by a local action on the intestinal wall exposed to high concentrations of the drug, resulting in the inhibition of the insulin secretion stimulating activity of the gut.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

The effect of phenformin upon the plasma pancreatic and gut glucagon-like immunoreactivity in diabetics.

Five patients with mild maturity-onset diabetes were given 250 ml of a 20% glucose solution by intraduodenal infusion and eight other patients similarly received an amino acid solution in a dose of 0.5 g amino acids per kg body weight. The pancreatic and gut glucagon-like immunoreactivity (pancreatic GLI and gut GLI) in plasma were measured before and after the application of the two stimuli. Each person was tested twice; the first (control) test was followed by a second test after three days of treatment with phenformin 150 mg daily, plus the same 150 mg dose taken 60 min before the intubation. The plasma pancreatic GLI increased slightly during both infusions, but was not affected by phenformin. Intraduodenal infusion of both glucose and the amino acid solution induced a greater rise in plasma gut GLI. After treatment with phenformin, the fasting plasma gut GLI was higher than the control value in eleven of thirteen patients. In most cases higher gut GLI plasma levels were also found after duodenal administration of glucose and amino acids. These data furnish further evidence of the local action of antidiabetic biguanides on the intestinal wall, including its hormonal activity. The hypothesis is advanced that the phenformin-induced increase in gut GLI secretion may bring about competition of the latter with pancreatic glucagon for receptors in liver cell membranes, reducing the effect of glucagon on the liver, and thus contributing to a decrease in glycaemia.

Adult↗