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Biomedical subjects

A D Clarke

Publications and source records attributed to A D Clarke.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1987

Research on mental handicap, 1957-1987: a selective review.

Some of the major advances in research over the last 30 years are outlined. While primarily offering an account of the behavioural sciences as applied to this field, some attention is devoted to major biomedical findings which have revolutionized our potential for preventive action. Mental handicap research has been a powerful influence in changing practices.

Behavior Therapy↗
PubMed1986

Thirty years of child psychology: a selective review.

A selective review of the literature in child psychology over the last 30 years reveals substantial changes in methodology, in analysis and the interpretation of findings. Evidence on the multifactorial nature of development is drawn from genetic/environmental research, longitudinal studies and a consideration of potential long-term effects of early experience, including planned intervention. It is increasingly recognized that individuals play some part in causing their own development, via ongoing transactional processes. Eight themes form the basis for discussion, including the belated emergence of Piaget's theory and the changing outlook for the mentally retarded. In addition, the explosion of research upon infancy and the growing influence of behavioural psychology are noted.

Child↗
PubMed1977

Prospects for prevention and amelioration of mental retardation: a guest editorial.

The view of the President's Committee on Mental Retardation (1972) that the incidence of mental retardation can be reduced by 50 percent before the end of the century was critically examined. We concluded that only in the minority of cases, where biomedical etiologies are implicated, is this forecast support by existing trends. The major group of milder cases pose immense difficulties for prevention, and desirable social changes are unlikely to make an immediate impact. We also considered the argument that levels of functioning of most retarded persons can be substantially improved. While research gives a clear indication that this is potentially so, such knowledge is rarely applied. Implications for policy and practice were considered.

Cost-Benefit Analysis↗
PubMed1976

Acute upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage with negative barium-meal x-ray findings: follow-up investigation.

One-hundred and one patients admitted to hospital with acute upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage whose initial barium-meal X-ray examination revealed no abnormality have been followed up 5 to 14 years later. Forty-five were symptom-free, and 8 had dyspepsia, but the barium-meal X-ray findings were still normal. Disease of the lower oesophagus, the stomach or the duodenum was found in 20, 16 of whom had a chronic peptic ulcer and two had gastric carcinoma. There was a poor prognosis for those gastric-ulcer patients whose diagnosis had been missed initially.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1976

Removal of catecholamine-secreting chemodectoma. The use of neuroleptanaesthesia, adrenergic blockade and sodium nitroprusside.

A case of catecholamine-secreting chemodectoma of the neck in a 47-year-old male who also had temporal lobe epilepsy is described. Details of presentation, diagnosis and successful treatment are given. He was fully alpha blocked with phenoxybenzamine and given neuroleptic drugs but his blood pressure rose to dangerous levels when the tumour was handled and did not respond to intravenous phentolamine. Sodium nitroprusside was successfully used to achieve blood pressure control.

Blood Pressure↗
PubMed1973

The pepsinogens of human gastric mucosa.

Fundic mucosal pepsinogens reveal six major bands of protease activity on gel electrophoresis and four minor bands. Antral mucosa shows two major bands of activity; the four rapidly moving bands found in fundic mucosa are found in lesser activity in the antral mucosa. Duodenal mucosa shows only one slowly moving band of protease activity. There is a significant difference in the pepsinogen pattern when the uninvolved fundic mucosa of gastric ulcer patients is compared with that of cancer patients.A satisfactory method is described for separating the pepsinogens on column chromatography.

Chromatography, DEAE-Cellulose↗