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Biomedical subjects

A D Goumeniouk

Publications and source records attributed to A D Goumeniouk.

4 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Prefrontal lobotomy and hypofrontality in patients with schizophrenia: an integration of the findings.

A case of a schizophrenic patient who suffered a frontal lobotomy is presented as the impetus for a discussion of an alternative neurobiologic model of schizophrenia to integrate the findings of prefrontal lobotomy and "hypofrontality". The proposal that primary temporolimbic pathology may result in secondary hypofunction in the prefrontal lobes is examined in light of current structural neuropathologic evidence. Directions for future research suggested by such a model are explored.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Antioxidant enzyme alterations in experimental and clinical diabetes.

Previous studies from our laboratory have demonstrated the presence of complex alterations in the activities of antioxidant enzymes in various tissues of rats with streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes. In the present investigation, it is shown that rats made diabetic with alloxan (ALX), an agent differing from STZ both chemically and in its mechanism of diabetogenesis, show virtually identical tissue antioxidant enzyme changes which, as is the case with STZ, are preventable by insulin treatment. The finding that the patterns of antioxidant enzyme alterations in chemically-induced diabetes are independent of the diabetogenic agent used and the presence of similar abnormalities in tissues of spontaneously diabetic (BB) Wistar rats (particularly when diabetic control is less than optimal) suggest that the changes observed are a characteristic feature of the uncontrolled diabetic state and that these may be responsible for (or predispose to) the development of secondary complications in clinical diabetes. Comparative studies involving red cells of diabetic rats and human diabetics revealed a number of common changes, namely an increase in glutathione reductase activity, a decreased susceptibility to oxidative glutathione depletion (which was related to the presence of hyperglycemia) and an increased production of malondialdehyde (an indirect index of lipid peroxidation) in response to in vitro challenge with hydrogen peroxide. In the diabetic patients, the extent of this increase in susceptibility of red cell lipids to oxidation paralleled the severity of diabetic complications. Our results suggest that increased (or uncontrolled) oxidative activity may play an important role in the pathogenesis of complications associated with the chronic diabetic state.

Animals↗