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Biomedical subjects

A D Steele

Publications and source records attributed to A D Steele.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Methylcellulose for endothelial cell protection.

A randomised trial of three types of endothelial cell protection for patients undergoing posterior chamber intraocular lens implant is described. The results confirm the superiority of a viscoelastic fluid over air as a form of endothelial cell protection. No statistically significant difference was found between sodium hyaluronate and hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC). As the cost of sodium hyaluronate is prohibitive, a manufacturing technique for HPMC is given.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Early experiences with soft intraocular implants.

The author recounts his early experience with implants for the posterior chamber made of silicone. While the numbers are small the visual results appear to be satisfactory. The results, however, are marred by an as yet unacceptable rate of post-operative complications.

Evaluation Studies as Topic↗
PubMed1988

Clinical features of acute infantile gastroenteritis associated with human rotavirus subgroups I and II.

During a prospective 3-year study, clinical and epidemiological features of rotavirus gastroenteritis in black infants were investigated. Fever and temperatures exceeding 39 degrees C were more frequent in children shedding subgroup II rotaviruses, whereas vomiting was more pronounced in children with subgroup I infection. Diarrhea, dehydration, duration of illness, and the need for admission to a hospital ward were similar in both groups.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1987

Viruses excreted in neonatal stools.

Faecal specimens from 122 infants in the Neonatal Unit at Ga-Rankuwa Hospital were examined by electron microscopy for the presence of virus. In total 40% of the neonates were excreting virus. Rotavirus was the commonest, found in 33.5% of the infants, with small round viruses (SRVs) found in 12.3% and adenovirus seen in 1 baby. RNA analysis of the rotavirus genome revealed a similar electrophoretype in all specimens. Most of the babies infected with rotavirus were less than 7 days old, and very little excretion occurred after 21 days of age. Only 8% of the babies excreting virus had any clinical signs of infection. Rotavirus infection appears to be endemic and SRV infection common in the Neonatal Unit at Ga-Rankuwa Hospital.

Adenoviruses, Human↗
PubMed1987

Air, methylcellulose, sodium hyaluronate and the corneal endothelium. Endothelial protective agents.

In a randomised trial the endothelial protective agent used during extracapsular cataract extraction and intraocular lens insertion was air in 19 eyes (group 1), methylcellulose in 25 eyes (group 2) and sodium hyaluronate in 22 (group 3). The cell population densities of each eye were estimated immediately before and three months after the operations to determine the degree of cell loss. Eyes showing mechanical (touch) damage on the second postoperative day were eliminated. The numbers of eyes in each group which showed a statistically significant cell loss were compared, and the mean cell losses in each group were tested for significant differences. It appears that air actually damages the endothelium while methylcellulose and Na-hyaluronate are not harmful, and afford a high, essentially equal degree of endothelial protection.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Penetrating keratoplasty and cataract surgery: the advantages of an extracapsular technique combined with posterior chamber intraocular implantation.

The results of 28 consecutive triple procedures and 33 cases of combined penetrating keratoplasty and extracapsular extraction are presented. All the eyes with the triple procedure maintained a clear graft; 77 per cent achieved an acuity of 6/12 or better. The average time before a refractive correction could be dispensed was 8.2 months, while after a combined procedure the interval was 17.4 months, although in both groups the average time until the best visual acuity was reached was similar.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

The correction of post-keratoplasty astigmatism.

The results of refractive surgery for post-keratoplasty astigmatism in 41 eyes are presented. Thirty-nine eyes regained a functional vision of 6/12 or better. Relieving incisions and compression sutures are the most useful procedures, but more than one operation may be required.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Molecular epidemiology of rotavirus in black infants in South Africa.

The molecular epidemiology of rotavirus infections in black infants in Ga-Rankuwa, South Africa, was investigated by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Between 1983 and 1986, 14 different RNA electrophoretic patterns were observed for children with acute gastroenteritis. These electrophoretypes showed a sequential pattern of appearance, with a limited number being present at any one time. In contrast, for neonates only one RNA electrophoretype was detected, which persisted for at least 3 years.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1987

Congenital hereditary corneal oedema of Maumenee: its clinical features, management, and pathology.

The clinical and histological features of congenital hereditary corneal oedema in 23 patients are presented. The series includes cases of both recessive and dominant inheritance. Although the condition is present at birth or in early childhood, visual development appears to be little impaired, if at all. Penetrating keratoplasty carries a relatively good surgical prognosis and can produce a substantial visual gain even when carried out late in life.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Rotavirus-associated gastro-enteritis at Ga-Rankuwa Hospital. A pilot study.

During 1982 a pilot study was initiated to investigate the prevalence of rotavirus-associated gastro-enteritis among the infants and young children admitted to the Gastro-enteritis Unit at Ga-Rankuwa Hospital. The seasonal parameters of the area were included in the study. From March to December 1982 rectal swabs were randomly collected from 256 of the more than 3 000 admissions to the unit. The swabs were stored at -20 degrees C until assayed in duplicate by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Overall 32.8% of the patients tested were found to have a rotavirus-associated illness with a definite seasonal pattern emerging, which is not in accordance with other data published for the black population in the RSA.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1986

Rotavirus-associated gastroenteritis in black infants in South Africa.

From March 1983 to February 1985, rectal swabs were collected from the black infants admitted to the gastroenteritis unit at Ga-Rankuwa Hospital, Pretoria, Republic of South Africa, to investigate the prevalence of rotavirus-associated gastroenteritis. Overall, 23.1% of the patients tested were found to be positive for rotaviral illness; a definite seasonal pattern emerged, showing a marked increase in the number positive during the autumn. Other factors of importance in terms of rotaviral illness included the age distribution of the patients, the presence of vomiting, and duration of illness.

Black People↗
PubMed1985

Polysulfone corneal inlays. Adverse reactions: a preliminary report.

The use of polysulfone to manufacture a lens for insertion into the corneal stroma to correct large refractive errors has been described. Two patients are presented in whom the procedure has been associated with significant loss of vision due to development of secondary changes in the cornea.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Complications of Nd:YAG laser posterior capsulotomy.

A number of ocular complications are seen to be associated with the use of Nd:YAG laser for posterior capsulotomy after cataract surgery. We have outlined possible hazards to the cornea, trabecular meshwork, vitreous and intraocular lenses and have discussed their consequences. It would appear that the degree of severity of complications is related to the pulse energy used upon the capsule.

Adult↗