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Biomedical subjects

A De Cesare

Publications and source records attributed to A De Cesare.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

Spatial regularization of flow patterns in magnetic resonance velocity mapping.

A technique dedicated to spatial regularization of magnetic resonance (MR) velocity data has been implemented to improve flow image quality. It is assumed that neighboring flow-velocity pixels are partially correlated, although large-velocity discontinuities remain possible. Increasing MR signal magnitude due to the in-flow effect also is used to enhance further reliability of the estimated velocity. By using an eight-step Fourier-encoding approach, 162 "reference" velocity images acquired in the ascending aorta from six healthy volunteers were compared with "raw" and "regularized" images that were computed from only two gradient steps. The mean square error decreased from 0.12 m(2) x s(-2) to 0.06 m(2) x s(-2) (P < 10-9) for velocity pixel values and from 1929 ml(2) x s(-2) to 1336 ml(2) x s(-2) (P < 0.01) for instantaneous flow rates. The regularization of two-step data sets provides the same velocity image quality as that found after using three-step data sets without regularization. The method can be applied to phase-velocity data sets of any MR technique to reduce velocity noise. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 1999;10:851-860.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Spatial regularization applied to factor analysis of medical image sequences (FAMIS).

Dynamic image sequences allow physiological mechanisms to be monitored after the injection of a tracer. Factor analysis of medical image sequences (FAMIS) hence creates a synthesis of the information in one image sequence. It estimates a limited number of structures (factor images) assuming that the tracer kinetics (factors) are similar at each point inside the structure. A spatial regularization method for computing factor images (REG-FAMIS) is proposed to remove irregularities due to noise in the original data while preserving discontinuities between structures. REG-FAMIS has been applied to two sets of simulations: (a) dynamic data with Gaussian noise and (b) dynamic studies in emission tomography (PET or SPECT), which respect real tomographic acquisition parameters and noise characteristics. Optimal regularization parameters are estimated in order to minimize the distance between reference images and regularized factor images. Compared with conventional factor images, the root mean square error between regularized images and reference factor images is improved by 3 for the first set of simulations, and by about 1.5 for the second set of simulations. In all cases, regularized factor images are qualitatively and quantitatively improved.

Algorithms↗
PubMed1999

[The usefulness and limits of echo-endoscopy in the clinical staging of esophageal cancer].

Endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) is a diagnostic method of considerable value for the local staging of esophageal cancer, in particular for T and N evaluation. After an extensive review of the literature, the authors underline the possibility of using EUS to improve the treatment and prognosis of esophageal neoplasms based on the use of various stage-dependent therapeutic strategies. EUS is regarded as a gold-standard technique for esophageal cancer staging in order to select appropriate treatment options, but is currently hampered by the intrinsic difficulty and subjectivity of interpreting ultrasonographic images. In order to ensure safe and reliable data, EUS must be carried out by operators who have undergone suitable training at a specialised centre.

Carcinoma↗
PubMed1999

Small bowel schwannoma with diffuse subcutaneous lipomatosis. Case report and literature review.

A case of a small-bowel schwannoma with diffuse familiar lipomatosis is described. This case underlines the rarity of the neoplasm and its probably chance association with subcutaneous lipomatosis. The intestinal neoplasm was diagnosed preoperatively by upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and a small-bowel enema; computed tomography scan confirmed the intestinal lesion. Attention is focused on the morphological features of intestinal schwannomas and their biological behaviour.

Humans↗
PubMed1998

Neuroendocrine tumors of the gastroenteric canal. Anatomopathological and diagnostic-therapeutic definition. Description of a case with a rare cecal localisation.

The authors take the case of a neuroendocrine tumour of the cecum as the starting point for an analysis of the anatomopathological and diagnostic-therapeutic aspects of these neoplasms. Furthermore, the authors underline that neuroendocrine tumours (NET) of the colon represent an extremely rare nosological entity and that they are heterogeneous from a clinical and biochemical point of view, thus making a reliable preoperative diagnosis a problem that is still difficult to resolve today.

Cecal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1997

Primary non-Hodgkin lymphoma of the parotid gland.

The rarity of primary non-Hodgkin lymphomas of the parotid gland triggers this report on a case treated and now in the fourth year of follow-up, which offers the opportunity for a review of the literature on the subject. The paper also describes the criteria for accurate classification, the diagnostic tools available and the problems of differential diagnosis. Treatment protocols and survival are also considered.

Female↗
PubMed1997

[The experience of an outpatient service of breast pathology. I. The diagnostic procedure for screening].

The authors underline the importance of correct screening in the female population in order to achieve as early a diagnosis as possibly of malignant breast tumours. In view of the high frequency of this neoplasia, as well as the encouraging results of numerous tested diagnostic protocols in terms of their positive influence on the progress of this disease, the authors prepared a screening protocol within a breast pathology service, and report the results achieved during the course of about seven years. Out of a total of 5000 patients aged between 30 and 90 years old, a total of 261 cases were diagnosed with pathologies requiring surgery with a 57.9% incidence of carcinoma, among which, in compliance with reports in the literature, a net predominance was found of initial stage tumours with diameter of less than 2 cm (58.3%).

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[Cystic disease of the breast. Ten-year experience].

Cystic breast disease is a relatively widespread pathological condition in the female sex, it has an incidence of around 7% and predominantly affects women aged between 40 and 50 years old. The authors report their experience based on the observation of 1046 cases taken from a series consisting of over 30,000 examinations. Patients were studied following a standardised diagnostic protocol including breast examination, breast scan and, depending on the patient's age or the presence of pathological findings, mammography. The protocol examines the distribution according to age, the number of cysts, their localization and diameter, as well as parameters concerning reproductive or sexual life, age at first pregnancy, the use of oral contraceptives, the number of abortions and menopausal status. Moreover, the efficacy of diagnostic tests, such as ecography, mammography, cytology and the assay of electrolytes using fine needle aspiration, was evaluated. The authors conclude that, when the patient follows a complete and valid diagnostic iter, breast cystic disease is an easily dominable pathology that can be simply controlled periodically without the need for therapeutic surgery.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Current trends in the treatment of flail chest].

The authors make a wide-ranging review of the literature, examine the epidemiological aspect of fail chest and underline the importance of its correct anatomopathological classification for a more qualified physiopathologist, diagnostic and therapeutic approach. They make a historical excursion on volet's treatment and underline the complementarity of surgical and resuscitation therapies.

Flail Chest↗
PubMed1993

[Surgical treatment of non-toxic multinodular goitre. Retrospective evaluation of a personal case series].

The authors base their study on a retrospective evaluation of a personal series of patients and on a review of the literature on this topic. They focus their attention on surgical problems relating to the type of treatment of non-toxic multinodular goitre. On the basis of the data obtained, they underline that in this pathology total thyroidectomy is the most appropriate form of surgery and does not entail a higher morbidity in relation to more conservative resection.

Follow-Up Studies↗
PubMed1990

[Mechanical staplers in colorectal surgery].

The results obtained with manual and mechanical suturing are compared on the basis of a review of a personal colon-rectum series. The advantages offered by staplers in this type of surgery are pointed out in agreement with reported data.

Anastomosis, Surgical↗
PubMed1990

[Mechanical endarterectomy using an original device. Preliminary experimental results].

A prototype for the performance of mechanical thromboendarterectomy was constructed following various experimental designs and applications. The study was carried out on 25 aortobifemoral segments presenting typical obliterating arteriosclerotic lesions. The equipment consists of a flexible probe whose distal end was represented by a screened helical cutter and whose proximal end by an inlet and washing chamber. At the centre of these chambers and of the probe, a steel tube sets the cutter rotating at an adjustable speed. Good recanalisation was achieved in all vasal segments treated without damaging the vessel's wall. Although encouraging, results thus far are preliminary and require verification.

Aorta, Abdominal↗
PubMed1990

[Risks and complications of total parenteral nutrition. Personal experience].

Total parenteral nutrition is now a broadly used method whose efficacy is confirmed, even if it is still not free from risk of complications. The Authors report their own clinical experience on 130 cases in the period 1981-1988. Complications were registered in 4.6% of the observed cases. They underline the problems relating to this subject.

Humans↗
PubMed1990

[Angioplasty of the deep femoral artery using a semirigid PTFE prosthesis. Experimental studies].

Underlining the importance of Profundus Femoral Artery and its capacity to make up for lower limb's haemodynamics during obliterative arteriopathy, the Authors conceive a funnel-shaped intravascular prosthesis, Goretex constructed (PTFE), to introduce, in case of obstruction, in the artery lumen with a suitable instrument. The research is performed through ten oldster dogs whose average weight is twenty-four kilograms. Isolated the deep Femoral Artery and carried out an arteriotomy of about two centimetres on the Common Femoral Artery, we bring the prothesis in Profundis Femoral Artery and we fix it to the wall of the Common Femoral Artery with 8/O microsurgical dots. After thirty days, the arteriographic test shows the patency of the endoprosthesis with normal peripheral flow in nine animals out of ten. By virtue of this preliminary experiment, the Authors point out the semplicity of this intervention, also feasible in local anaesthesia, the good tolerability of the prosthesis and its perfect integration with the surrounding arterious wall, without shifts or dissecting laminar flows between the external prosthesis wall and the vessel lumen of the animal.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Chyloperitoneum. Presentation of 2 cases].

The authors report two cases of chylous ascites recently observed. After a wide review of the literature, they point out the rarity of this disease and its particular therapeutic aspects.

Adult↗