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A Debure

Publications and source records attributed to A Debure.

29 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

[Complications of infections attributed to cytomegalovirus in a group of 52 kidney transplant patients].

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection after renal transplantation was studied over a one year period in 52 patients receiving immunosuppressive drugs. During the infectious episodes, viral shedding was systematically detected in the blood and urines by culture on MRC5 cells and CMV antibodies were titrated in the serum by ELISA (IgG: M. A. Bioproducts, IgM: immunocapture Wellcome) and compared to the initial antibody titer determined the day of transplantation. Primary CMV infection was observed in 6 of 22 seronegative patients, attested by CMV shedding from urine and/or blood and by the emergence of CMV IgM antibodies. This primary infection was severe, including at least 4 of the following features: fever greater than 38 degrees C, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, cytolytic hepatitis, pneumonia, impaired renal function, neurological syndrome, usually occurring about 6 weeks after transplantation. Reactivation was found in 12 of 30 seropositive patients, as shown by excretion of CMV in the urine and significant rise of specific antibodies. This reactivation occurring about 9 weeks after surgery was symptomatic in 5 patients with severe illness and associated with the presence of IgM antibodies in 2 cases. Rise of CMV antibodies was observed in 10 seropositive patients without excretion of virus. It coincided with symptomatic infection in only three patients who displayed severe symptoms, with presence of CMV IgM antibodies in one case. As previously reported, we confirm that CMV infection is a frequent complication of organ transplantation. It may be clinically silent in renal transplant patients or cause problems ranging from fever to pneumonia or retinitis.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

[Preventive treatment of rejection by the prolonged administration of OKT3: decrease of the immune response of the host].

Clinical use of OKT3 for the treatment of ongoing rejection episodes has already been demonstrated as being highly effective. This work shows for the first time that combining azathioprine and OKT3 was able to delay as well as to decrease both the intensity and the quality of the anti-OKT3 immunization, allowing a 1-month prophylactic use of the MoAb. It also proves that OKT3 used prophylactically during one month can lead to 4-year first cadaver graft and patient survival rates better than those ever reported with any other immunosuppressive regimen. These results were obtained with lower doses of steroids and other immunosuppressive agents than in conventionally treated control patients. After the first two injections of OKT3, tolerance was perfect allowing out-hospital administration, and side effects consisted only in an increased number of viral infections instead of the bacterial infections observed in the conventional treatment groups. The prophylactic use of OKT3 should give even better results if it were possible to reach a 1-month administration schedule in all patients by modulating the dose of OKT3 according to the T3+ cell count and the monitoring of serum OKT3 levels.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1986

[Role of the digestive tract immune system in the control of bacterial translocation in gnotoxenic mice].

The aim of this work was to study the role of gut associated lymphoid tissue in the control of bacterial translocation. Two strains of Escherichia coli were orally inoculated to 71 axenic mice. Ten days after, the 2 initial strains and 2 others, resulting from plasmidic exchanges, were present in the digestive tract of the mice which were divided in two groups: the first group (n = 41) received one intraperitoneal injection of cyclophosphamide 100 mg/kg; the second control group (n = 30) received isotonic saline. The following parameters were studied 3, 5 and 9 days after the injection: the population level of the 4 strains in the caecum, their translocation to mesenteric lymph nodes, liver, spleen and circulating blood, the density per unit surface of lamina propria plasma cells and intraepithelial lymphocytes in duodenal and caecal mucosae. The population in each strain found in the caecum was different from the 3 others but similar within the two groups of animals and remained unchanged with time. In the control group, bacterial translocation to the mesenteric lymph nodes decreased (p less than 0.01), while the density of plasma cells increased (p less than 0.01) from the 3rd to the 9th days. In the cyclophosphamide treated group, translocation to the mesenteric lymph nodes increased (p less than 0.01), while the density of intestinal plasma cells decreased (p less than 0.05) from the 3rd to the 9th days. Density of intraepithelial lymphocytes did not vary with time in each group and from one group to another. Bacterial translocation to liver, spleen and systemic blood was weak and did not increase in the treated group.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Translocation of strictly anaerobic bacteria from the intestinal tract to the mesenteric lymph nodes in gnotobiotic rodents.

Viable cells of some strictly anaerobic strains belonging to Bacteroides, Clostridium and Fusobacterium genera were present in mesenteric lymph nodes of gnotobiotic rodents harbouring these strains. Various parameters were found to affect the incidence of translocation, including the caecal population level, the length of association with the host and the nature of the strains and host.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Detection of human cytomegalovirus DNA in liver biopsies from patients with cytomegalovirus-related liver disease.

Infection with human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) has been associated with severe diseases in immunologically impaired patients. Cytomegalovirus hepatitis has been frequently described in this population, but this diagnosis is still difficult. Molecular hybridization with the V EcoRI restriction fragment of human cytomegalovirus strain AD 169 has been tested upon DNA extracted from liver samples to assess the usefulness of this technique for cytomegalovirus hepatitis diagnosis. This probe was shown by the Southern technique not to hybridize with DNA extracted from cells infected with other herpesviruses or with DNA of non-infected normal liver. The sensitivity was estimated to be 2 x 10(5) genomes. Twenty-five renal transplant recipients under immunosuppressive therapy and three patients having the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome were studied. In 9 out of 10 renal transplant recipients with normal liver, previous exposure to cytomegalovirus, as defined by serological tests, was not sufficient to allow positive detection by the probe. Out of 11 patients with abnormal liver, cytomegalovirus DNA sequences were shown in 5. In 2 patients with histological evidence of cytomegalovirus hepatitis, a very strong signal showed the presence of viral genomes. These results show that the Southern technique with the V EcoRI probe can be useful for the diagnosis of HCMV hepatitis and might be proposed for the detection of this viral genome in human tissues.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Antibiotic-lock technique: a new approach to optimal therapy for catheter-related sepsis in home-parenteral nutrition patients.

During a cumulated survey of 286 months, covering 11 gastroenterological patients under nocturnal-cyclic home parenteral nutrition, 24 cases of catheter-related sepsis were observed (one/11.9 months). None of these were associated with focus of infection at the cutaneous entry point or at the subcutaneous tunnel of the catheters. In this study attempt was made to control sepsis without removal of the surgically implanted siliconed lines (Vygon code 180-20 with an internal filling volume of 1 ml). The first two catheter-sepsis were conventionally treated with systemic antibiotics for 3 weeks which meant a 1-month hospital admission each time. Consequently, we used a new antibiotic therapy consisting of locking 12 hr/day 2 ml of highly concentrated antibiotic solution within the catheter. After identification of bacterial strains by blood cultures, the antibiotic lock-technique was daily applied either alone for 16 days (group I, n = 11) or for 12 days following a 3-day course of systemic antibiotics (group II, n = 11). After starting antibiotics via the infected line, the time taken for fever abatement and for obtaining negative in-line blood cultures were 2 and 4 days, respectively, and identical in group I and II. Failure of antibiotic treatment leading to catheter withdrawal was observed once in each group (9%) and was due to secondary candida catheter-sepsis. The time for hospital stay was shorter p less than 0.02 in group I (4 days) than in group II (7 days). Antibiotic-lock technique was then applied by trained patients at home.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Optic neuritis and sarcoidosis (author's transl)].

Case report of a sarcoidosis in a young west-indies feurale: ganglio-mediastinal and lung lesions, liver and salivary glands right optic nerve with retrobulbar optic neuritis. This lesions were quickly and totally reversible with tetracosactide and prednisone therapy.

Adult↗