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Biomedical subjects

A Deja

Publications and source records attributed to A Deja.

13 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1999

[Peritonitis determined by the site of intra-abdominal surgery].

The aim of this study was to determine bacterial flora infecting the peritoneal cavity during intraabdominal surgery by site of operation. Three groups of patients were examined. 29 patients who underwent surgery on the stomach, duodenum, biliary tract or pancreas, 15 patients operated on because of acute appendicitis and 63 patients operated on because of colon or rectum tumours. At the end of the operation but before closure cultures were obtained by swab from the completed anastomosis site. Samples were placed into transport medium and transported promptly to the laboratory. The results of the bacteriological examinations showed that the peritoneal cavity of all patients operated on were infected with bacteria characteristic for the digestive tract, especially by Enterobacteriaceae spp., Enterococcus spp. and Bacteroides spp. From patients operated on because of rectum or colon tumours 3 or 4 bacterial species were isolated most often and they were often infected with P. aeruginosa and C. albicans. This was in contrast to patients from the other groups. In patients infected with polymicrobial flora, B. fragilis and E. coli or enterococci and E. coli and enterococci were most often seen.

Anastomosis, Surgical↗
PubMed1997

[Evaluation of bacterial flora in patients after intraabdominal surgical procedures throughout a 12 year period].

UNLABELLED: The aim of this study was to analyse the composition of the bacterial flora in 295 patients who underwent surgical treatment in our clinic throughout the period of 12 years. 448 specimens were bacteriologically examined. Bacterial pathogens were isolated from 390 (87.1%). Among aerobic bacteria, Enterococcus faecalis was the most often isolated (35.6% - from the peritoneum, 17.8% from the wound). Among anaerobic bacteria, Bacteroides fragilis - 44.9% were the most often isolated. 530 aerobic bacterial strains from Enterococcus, Enterobacteriaceae, Staphylococcus and the nonfermentable rods were carefully analysed. Special attention was paid to the development of the resistance to 3 antibiotics (cefoperazone, ciprofloxacin and gentamycin) in 3 time periods: from 1984 to 1987, from 1988 to 1992 and from 1993 to 1996. Resistance of the bacterial strains to cefoperazone was 38.7% in the first time period; 39.5% in the second; and later increased to 53.8%. Resistance to ciprofloxacin was identical in the first two periods - 10.3%; and subsequently, it increased to 22.6%. The increase of resistance to gentamycin was the most significant--it went up from 24.5% to 44.8 and then dropped to 40.3%. CONCLUSION: Constant monitoring of the bacterial flora enables rational antibiotic application, which is essential due to the observed increase of bacteria strain resistance.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1995

Influence of a rat kidney perfusion using the anti-MHC class II monoclonal antibody and reduced dose of 15-deoxyspergualine on the allogeneic graft survival.

One of the main factors inducing rejection of the allogenic graft are the donor MHC-class II antigens. In this study, the allogenic rat renal graft survival after the blockage of MHC-class II positive cells was analyzed and compared with the effectiveness of the recipient treatment with 15-deoxyspergualine (15-DOS). It was found that the DA (RT1 a) rat kidney perfusion with the anti-MHC class II monoclonal antibody (MoAb 29A1--Kiel) allowed to prolong survival of the graft in the LEW (RT1 1) recipient (9.6 +/- 0.8 vs. 7.7 +/- 0.5 days). Our another study demonstrated that the 14 day treatment of the LEW recipient with 15-DOS at the dose of 0.5 mg/kg body weight can induce tolerance to the grafted kidney from the DA strain. The dose of 0.2 mg/kg body weight of 15-DOS prolonged the graft survival only to a small extend (16.5 +/- 0.5 days). In contrast, the combination of the graft pretreatment with MoAb 29A1 with the application of the reduced dose of 15-DOS to the LEW recipient allowed to further prolong the graft survival (97.4 +/- 59.0 days, n = 5). In 3 cases, the long-time (close to 150 days) graft survival was obtained. The above presented results suggest that the blockade of the MHC-class II antigens can reduce the immunogenicity of the graft. Although this procedure was not sufficient to induce tolerance, it allowed to minimize the immunosuppressive treatment.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

The influence of MHC class II antigen blockade by perfusion with a monoclonal antibody on rat renal graft survival.

To decrease immunogenicity of the rat kidney, grafts were perfused with an anti-MHC class II monoclonal antibody (mAb). How effectively this procedure blocked class II-positive cells, which were mainly dendritic in appearance, was checked by immunostaining renal sections after perfusion and comparing them with in vitro stained sections. Optimum conditions were applied for graft pretreatment before transplantation. This procedure prolonged graft survival, though not satisfactorily from the biological point of view (9.6 +/- 0.8 versus 7.7 +/- 0.5 days in the control group; P less than 0.02). The dendritic cells were not killed but blocked. Several hours after transplantation, the mAb dissociated from these class II-positive cells. It was also shown that donor cells migrate into the recipient's spleen early after transplantation. The number of these cells was smaller when the transplanted organ was perfused with the mAb. Further studies are suggested to deplete the graft of donor dendritic cells more adequately. They should also combine graft perfusion with anti-class II mAb and recipient immunosuppression at reduced doses.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Comparative evaluation of tensile strength of absorbable threads Dexon and Maxon. Experimental studies].

This paper submits strength tests on Dexon and Maxon resorbable sutures at the knot and without a knot, the breaking resulting from hydrolysis. The tests were performed on rats, by comparing Maxon monofilament suture with Dexon woven suture. The dissections were done 3, 7, 21 and 42 days after the implantation. What we found out was a remarkably slower process of strength loss displayed by Maxon sutures in time after the implantation. After 21 days, Dexon sutures displayed a minimal strength value, whereas Maxon sutures still retained ca 60% of the initial properties.

Absorption↗
PubMed1989

[Conservative treatment of perforation of the transverse colon caused by a catheter for continuous peritoneal dialysis. A case report].

In rare cases of intestinal perforation in patients dialysed peritoneally may be the dialyzing catheter introduced into the peritoneal cavity for repeated use. The therapeutic procedure (conservative or operative) is the matter of dispute. The authors present a female patient, aged 62, undergoing intermittent peritoneal dialysis for terminal renal failure. The perforation of the transverse colon due to the dialyzing catheter was successfully treated conservatively: the catheter was removed, antibacterial drugs, parenteral nutrition and bedrest were administered. Uraemia was controlled by haemodialysis.

Colon↗
PubMed1981

Cerebellar afferent projection to the inferior colliculus of the mesencephalic tectum. An anterograde degeneration study in the rabbit.

Studies were conducted on twelve rabbits which were lesioned in various regions of the cortex and cerebellar nuclei. The survival time, in ten animals, was found 4 to 10 days and in one animal 375 days. In the twelfth rabbit further lesions were made in the fastigial nucleus, 380 days after multiple lesions of the posterior cerebellar region. Survival time, in this case, was 9 days. Frozen sections of the cerebellum and brain stem were impregnated according to the Nauta-Gygax modified method (NAUTA 1957, Fink-Heimer 1967, Loewy 1969) and the course and termination of the nerve fibres into the inferior colliculus of the mesencephalic tectum has been studied. Degenerative fibres in this region of the brain stem were seen only after lesion of the fastigial nucleus or of its efferent fibres. The nucleus fastigii project the fibres to the inferior colliculus nuclei on both sides in the ascending ramus of the uncinatus fasciculus. These fibres reach the inferior colliculus nuclei mainly on the contralateral side and, to a lesser degree, on the same side. Results of the studies are discussed in the light of the latest neurophysiological researches.

Afferent Pathways↗
PubMed1981

The medial geniculate body afferents from the cerebellum in the rabbit as studied with the method of orthograde degeneration.

The brain stems of 10 rabbits subject to operation of several lesions of cerebellar cortex and nuclei were examined. Survival time was 4 to 10 days. The course and termination of degenerating nerve fibres into the medial geniculate nuclei (MGN) of both sides were analyzed in frozen sections of the cerebellum and the brain stem impregnated according to various modifications of Nauta method. Degenerated nerve fibres in the MGN were found only when the fastigial nucleus of heterolateral side, or fibres originating in this nucleus were damaged. Cerebellofugal fibres run in two bundles to their termination spot in the magnocellular part of the medial geniculate nucleus. The first bundle separates from the main trunk of the uncinate fascicle, and running medially to the vestibular nuclei, terminates in the MGN after passing through the lateral lemniscus and the ventral lemniscal nucleus. The second bundle separates from the ascending branch of the uncinate fascicle and after passing through the dorsal lemniscal nucleus, also in composition of the lateral lemniscus, it terminates in the same region of the MGN.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

The spinal cervical way of afferent innervation of the tongue motor apparatus. An experimental investigation in the dog.

The studies were performed on 24 young, adult dogs. In 16 of the animals sections were made of the descending ramus of the hypoglossal nerve and of the stem of the hypoglossal nerve at various levels: at the base of the skull (superior hypoglossectomy), proximally from the descending ramus (middle hypoglosectomy), and at the entrance to the tongue (inferior hypoglossectomy). Phantom operations were performed in 4 animals and material from 4 others (not operated on) was used for control purposes. The post-operative survival rate ranged from 10 to 29 days. In all 4 cases rostral spinal cervical ganglia were collected. In half of the cases the materials were stained with cresyl violet and further quantitative and qualitative studies of retrograde neuronal changes were performed. The remaining half of the material, prepared with Gomori method on acid phosphatase, was subject to statistical analysis of the degree of acid phosphatase activity. The increase or decrease in number of neurons of definite degree of activity was taken as an index of the increase or decrease of enzymatic activity. As a result of transection of the hypoglossal nerve and its descending ramus, in cresyl violet material, qualitative and quantitative degenerative changes were found in dorsal root ganglia C1 to C3 on the operated side. It was also found that corresponding to the tigrolytic changes in the neurons of the above mentioned ganglia there was an increase of activity for acid phosphatase. The same kinds of changes were found in the spinal ganglia C2 and C3 after transection of the hypoglossal nerve at the entrance to the muscles of the tongue. These results lead the authors to suggest that the tongue motor apparatus receives afferent innervation from neurons locates homolaterally in spinal ganglia C2 and C3.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1975

[Afferents of vagus nerve to intercalary nucleus].

In 11 rabbits operations of intracranial transection of IXth and Xth cranial nerves and transections of vagal nerve on its several levels were performed. After survival 271-327 days karyometric investigations of neurons, astrocytes and oligodendrocytes contained in intercalary nuclei of both sides of medulla were performed. It was stated that after transection of the vagus nerve on the levels proximally to the arising of the recurrent laryngeal nerve the volume of cross-area of neurons and nuclei of astrocytes decreases on the operated side. The authors concluded that atrophic changes found in the intercalary nucleus may be probable of transsynaptic in character. It indicated, that intercalary nucleus receives afferents from the vagus nerve.

Animals↗