Biomedical subjects

A Del Nero

Publications and source records attributed to A Del Nero.

9 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1992

Inter-individual differences in radiation response shown by an in vitro micronucleus assay: effects of 3-aminobenzamide on X-ray treatment.

Among the methods of biological dosimetry of ionizing radiation, we propose the cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay for the measurement of the individual dose absorbed. The dose-response curve was determined for in vitro-irradiated lymphocytes from 25 individuals. The dose-response relationship, fitted by the linear-quadratic function, was F(MN) = 0.015 (+/- 0.0016) + 0.043 (+/- 0.0075).D + 0.083 (+/- 0.0045).D2. Our results are compared with those of other authors. 3-aminobenzamide (3AB) combined with X-rays were used to evaluate the micronucleus dose-response relationship in blood from 14 individuals. While it is known that 3AB inhibits poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase activity in vitro, we demonstrate that it also increases the X-ray-induced micronucleus yields. The resulting dose-response relationship varies from subject to subject. The possibility of using this approach to identify the individual radiosensitivity level is discussed.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

Prognostic significance of prostate-specific antigen in endocrine treatment for prostatic carcinoma.

We have studied the prognostic significance of prostate-specific antigen (PSA), monitored monthly, in 24 patients with prostatic cancer (5 D1, 19 D2) on endocrine therapy. The pretreatment levels of PSA were high in all patients (mean value 41 ng/ml). It was found that PSA levels at the end of the first and sixth months of treatment were reliable prognostic indicators. At the first month evaluation PSA had decreased more than 50% from the initial values in the 16 patients with stable disease, while it had decreased less than 50% in those with progressing disease. At the end of 6 months, patients with stable disease had PSA levels within the normal range, while 8 of the patients who had progressing disease had levels higher than 10 ng/ml. Respectively 6 and 2 patients had also had increases in PSA levels at 3 and 6 months before scintigraphic demonstration of increased bone metastases.

Aged↗

PubMed1992

[Metastasis and markers].

Tumor markers are antigens which can be associated with certain malignancies. A variety of markers have been demonstrated in genitourinary tumors. The best known examples are human chorionic gonadotropin (bHCG) and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) for testicular tumors, prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP) and prostatic specific antigen (PSA) for prostatic cancer. The plasma levels of these substances are influenced by the tumor mass and therefore by the tumor stage. Markedly elevated plasma levels can be demonstrated when metastases are present, although a few patients without metastases may elaborate abnormal amount of markers. The removal of the primary tumor leads to a fall to normal levels: a still increased level indicates residual primary tumor or the presence of metastases. Measurements of markers are also of value in estimating the effects of medical treatment and in detecting local or distant recurrences.

Acid Phosphatase↗

PubMed1992

[Medical treatment and impotence].

After having emphasized the importance of interdisciplinary diagnostic approach to the sexual impotence as a symptom and having made some comments about the erection's physiology, the Authors, according to their experience, take drugs into consideration for elective treatment of sexual intercourse.

Erectile Dysfunction↗

PubMed1992

[Current knowledge about metastatic neoplasms].

The best knowledge of the biological and genetic mechanism involved in the process of metastasizing must determine the attempt of elaborating new therapeutical modalities. The authors show the sequential events of the metastasizing process based on the most recent theories, underlining the way the organotropism of the neoplastic cells can be the explanation of the otherwise inexplicable metastases.

Animals↗

PubMed1992

[Clinical and prognostic significance of metastases].

The authors briefly illustrate some biological and epidemiologic characteristics of the malignant urologic tumors; then they describe the modalities of metastasizing underlining that this process is determined not only by hematic and lymphatic dissemination but also by sequential and complex events "metastatic fall", involving multiple guest-tumor intersections to the organotropism of the neoplastic cells and to their intrinsic aggressiveness and to the histological type of tumor. Afterwards the authors analytically analyze the most important malignant neoplasms of the urogenital apparatus either as clinical importance or as statistic incidence.

Adult↗

PubMed1991

[Adjuvant chemotherapy].

The authors treated 10 advanced renal cell carcinoma with circadian venous continuous infusion of 5-Fluoro 2-Deoxyuridine (FUDR). The drug was delivered by Medtronic Synchromed implantable pump in 14-day cycles alternating with 14-day intervals of physiologic saline infusion. Of the patient observed for at least 8 months (range: 8-32, median: 22.1) 1 showed progression. Circadian continuous central venous infusion of FUDR is minimally toxic. The FUDR can be delivered safely and conveniently in this way for long spans. This therapy is administrated in on entirely out patient setting, and associated with a normal quality of life.

Adult↗

PubMed1990

Circadian continuous chemotherapy of renal cell carcinoma with an implantable, programmable infusion pump.

The authors treated 42 metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) patients who had received no previous chemotherapy or radiation therapy with circadian venous continuous infusion of 5-fluoro-2-deoxyuridine (FUDR). The drug was delivered by Medtronic Synchromed implantable pump (Medtronic, Inc., Minneapolis, MN) in 14-day cycles alternating with 14-day intervals of heparinized physiologic saline infusion. In the course of 24 months 444 cycles of therapy have been given for a total of 12449 days of pump function. Of the patients observed for at least 3 months (range, 3 to 23 months; median, 7 months) three showed complete response (7%; 95% confidence interval, 0% to 15%), three partial response (7%; confidence interval, 0% to 15%), 18 stable disease, and 18 showed progression. Eighteen patients, all with advanced disease at the time of implantation, were living 6 months after treatment started. Circadian continuous central venous infusion of FUDR is minimally toxic. The FUDR can be delivered safely and conveniently in this way for long spans. This therapy is as active as any currently available treatment, is administered in an entirely outpatient setting, and is associated with a normal quality of life.

Adult↗

PubMed1990

[Complications and limitations of pelvic ureter endoscopy].

We report complications and general limits of low ureteroscopy in relation to the use of ureteroscope in a normal or pathologic urinary tract and during rigid ureteroscopy for diagnostic purpose or instrumental procedures. It is plain that limits are represented by anatomic or pathologic urinary tract alterations whereas complications only depend on instrumental procedures. Complications are less frequent in the pelvic ureter and seem to give few negative results.

Endoscopy↗