The importance of EEG and variability of MRI findings in acute hemorrhagic leukoencephalitis.
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Adult↗
Biomedical subjects
A Demirci
Publications and source records attributed to A Demirci.
Evaluation of agar diffusion bioassay for nisin quantification.
The agar diffusion bioassay is the most widely used method for the quantification of nisin, due to its high sensitivity, simplicity, and cost-effectiveness. This method is based on the measurement of the inhibition zone produced in nisin-sensitive microorganisms. The size of the zone is affected by many factors, such as nisin-sensitive strain, amount of added agar and surfactant, and pre-diffusion step. This research aims to evaluate the effects of nisin-sensitive strains and pre-diffusion on the accuracy and precision of nisin quantification. Three strains of nisin-sensitive microorganisms (Micrococcus luteus, Lactobacillus sakei, Brochothrix thermosphacta) were tested along with three different incubation processes. The best combination was the method using L. sakei as an indicator strain with pre-diffusion at 4 degrees C for 24 h. Compared with M. luteus and B. thermosphacta, L. sakei gave more accurate and reproducible results. Moreover, the pre-diffusion step resulted in larger inhibition zones and more precise results. Finally, the best combination was validated and compared with the method that is usually used and the result showed that the method using L. sakei with pre-diffusion gave more accurate and precise results.
Agar↗
Magnetic resonance imaging and angiography for the prerupture diagnosis of rudimentary uterine horn pregnancy.
Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and MR angiography were used for the differential diagnosis and preoperative planning of a 17 weeks of age rudimentary horn pregnancy. A 26-year-old primigravida was referred to our hospital with a preliminary diagnosis of abdominal pregnancy. After an inconclusive ultrasound evaluation we were able to identify a rudimentary horn pregnancy, extent of the placental invasion, and the vascular supply via MR imaging and time of flight sequence MR angiography. The obtained data were also used for preoperative planning, which resulted in an uncomplicated, prerupture laparotomy for pregnancy termination and a healthy female.
Adult↗
Efficacy of electrolyzed oxidizing water for the microbial safety and quality of eggs.
During commercial processing, eggs are washed in an alkaline detergent and then rinsed with chlorine to reduce dirt, debris, and microorganism levels. The alkaline and acidic fractions of electrolyzed oxidizing (EO) water have the ability to fit into the 2-step commercial egg washing process easily if proven to be effective. Therefore, the efficacy of EO water to decontaminate Salmonella Enteritidis and Escherichia coli K12 on artificially inoculated shell eggs was investigated. For the in vitro study, eggs were soaked in alkaline EO water followed by soaking in acidic EO water at various temperatures and times. Treated eggs showed a reduction in population between > or = 0.6 to > or =2.6 log10 cfu/g of shell for S. Enteritidis and > or =0.9 and > or =2.6 log10 for E. coli K12. Log10 reductions of 1.7 and 2.0 for S. Enteritidis and E. coli K12, respectively, were observed for typical commercial detergent-sanitizer treatments, whereas log10 reductions of > or =2.1 and > or =2.3 for S. Enteritidis and E. coli K12, respectively, were achieved using the EO water treatment. For the pilot-scale study, both fractions of EO water were compared with the detergent-sanitizer treatment using E. coli K12. Log10 reductions of > or = 2.98 and > or = 2.91 were found using the EO water treatment and the detergent-sanitizer treatment, respectively. The effects of 2 treatments on egg quality were investigated. EO water and the detergent-sanitizer treatments did not significantly affect albumen height or eggshell strength; however, there were significant affects on cuticle presence. These results indicate that EO water has the potential to be used as a sanitizing agent for the egg washing process.
Animals↗
Efficacy of ozone in killing Listeria monocytogenes on alfalfa seeds and sprouts and effects on sensory quality of sprouts.
A study was done to determine the efficacy of aqueous ozone treatment in killing Listeria monocytogenes on inoculated alfalfa seeds and sprouts. Reductions in populations of naturally occurring aerobic microorganisms on sprouts and changes in the sensory quality of sprouts were also determined. The treatment (10 or 20 min) of seeds in water (4 degrees C) containing an initial concentration of 21.8 +/- 0.1 microg/ml of ozone failed to cause a significant (P < or = 0.05) reduction in populations of L. monocytogenes. The continuous sparging of seeds with ozonated water (initial ozone concentration of 21.3 +/- 0.2 microg/ml) for 20 min significantly reduced the population by 1.48 log10 CFU/g. The treatment (2 min) of inoculated alfalfa sprouts with water containing 5.0 +/- 0.5, 9.0 +/- 0.5, or 23.2 +/- 1.6 microg/ml of ozone resulted in significant (P < or = 0.05) reductions of 0.78, 0.81, and 0.91 log10 CFU/g, respectively, compared to populations detected on sprouts treated with water. Treatments (2 min) with up to 23.3 +/- 1.6 microg/ml of ozone did not significantly (P > 0.05) reduce populations of aerobic naturally occurring microorganisms. The continuous sparging of sprouts with ozonated water for 5 to 20 min caused significant reductions in L. monocytogenes and natural microbiota compared to soaking in water (control) but did not enhance the lethality compared to the sprouts not treated with continuous sparging. The treatment of sprouts with ozonated water (20.0 microg/ml) for 5 or 10 min caused a significant deterioration in the sensory quality during subsequent storage at 4 degrees C for 7 to 11 days. Scanning electron microscopy of uninoculated alfalfa seeds and sprouts showed physical damage, fungal and bacterial growth, and biofilm formation that provide evidence of factors contributing to the difficulty of killing microorganisms by treatment with ozone and other sanitizers.
Colony Count, Microbial↗
Comparison of electrolyzed oxidizing water with various antimicrobial interventions to reduce Salmonella species on poultry.
Foodborne pathogens in cell suspensions or attached to surfaces can be reduced by electrolyzed oxidizing (EO) water; however, the use of EO water against pathogens associated with poultry has not been explored. In this study, acidic EO water [EO-A; pH 2.6, chlorine (CL) 20 to 50 ppm, and oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) of 1,150 mV], basic EO water (EO-B; pH 11.6, ORP of -795 mV), CL, ozonated water (OZ), acetic acid (AA), or trisodium phosphate (TSP) was applied to broiler carcasses inoculated with Salmonella Typhimurium (ST) and submerged (4 C, 45 min), spray-washed (85 psi, 25 C, 15 s), or subjected to multiple interventions (EO-B spray, immersed in EO-A; AA or TSP spray, immersed in CL). Remaining bacterial populations were determined and compared at Day 0 and 7 of aerobic, refrigerated storage. At Day 0, submersion in TSP and AA reduced ST 1.41 log10, whereas EO-A water reduced ST approximately 0.86 log10. After 7 d of storage, EO-A water, OZ, TSP, and AA reduced ST, with detection only after selective enrichment. Spray-washing treatments with any of the compounds did not reduce ST at Day 0. After 7 d of storage, TSP, AA, and EO-A water reduced ST 2.17, 2.31, and 1.06 log10, respectively. ST was reduced 2.11 log10 immediately following the multiple interventions, 3.81 log10 after 7 d of storage. Although effective against ST, TSP and AA are costly and adversely affect the environment. This study demonstrates that EO water can reduce ST on poultry surfaces following extended refrigerated storage.
Acetic Acid↗
Evaluation of plastic-composite supports in repeated fed-batch biofilm lactic acid fermentation by Lactobacillus casei.
A customized stirred-tank biofilm reactor was designed for plastic-composite supports (PCS). In repeated-batch studies, the PCS-biofilm reactors outperformed the suspended-cell reactors by demonstrating higher lactic acid productivities (2.45 g l(-1) h(-1) vs 1.75 g l(-1) h(-1)) and greater glucose consumption rates (3.27 g l(-1) h(-1) vs 2.09 g l(-1) h(-1)). In the repeated fed-batch studies, reactors were spiked periodically with concentrated glucose (75%) to maintain a concentration of approximately 80 g of glucose l(-1) in the bioreactor. In suspended-cell fermentations with 10 g of yeast extract (YE) l(-1) and zero, one, two, and three glucose spikes, the lactic acid productivities were 2.64, 1.58, 0.80, and 0.62 g l(-1) h(-1), respectively. In comparison, biofilm reactors with 7 g of YE l(-1) and zero, one, two, and three glucose spikes achieved lactic acid productivities of 4.20, 2.78, 0.66, and 0.94 g l(-1) h(-1), respectively. The use of nystatin (30 U ml(-1)) subdued the contaminating yeast population with no effect on the lactic acid productivity of the biofilm reactors, but it did affect productivity in the suspended-cell bioreactor. Overall, in repeated fed-batch fermentations, the biofilm reactors consistently outperformed the suspended-cell bioreactors, required less YE, and produced up to 146 g of lactic acid l(-1) with 7 g of YE l(-1), whereas the suspended-cell reactor produced 132 g l(-1) with 10 g of YE l(-1).
Biofilms↗
Ocular hemodynamics in pseudoexfoliation syndrome and pseudoexfoliation glaucoma.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate orbital blood flow velocities by using color Doppler imaging in patients with pseudoexfoliation syndrome and pseudoexfoliation glaucoma. DESIGN: Prospective, comparative case series. PARTICIPANTS: Twenty-eight patients with pseudoexfoliation syndrome (n = 14) or pseudoexfoliation glaucoma (n = 14) and 14 healthy control participants were included. INTERVENTION: Color Doppler imaging was used with a 7.5-MHz probe. Evaluation of the ophthalmic, central retinal, short posterior nasal, and temporal ciliary arteries was performed, and peak systolic and end diastolic flow velocities were measured. Resistive indices were calculated. RESULTS: When compared with the control participants, patients with pseudoexfoliation syndrome showed statistically significant decreases in the mean peak systolic velocity of the central retinal artery (11.21 +/- 2.19 cm/second; P < 0.05), and end diastolic velocities of the central retinal artery (3.00 +/- 1.03 cm/second; P < 0.005), and short posterior temporal ciliary arteries (3.50 +/- 1.74 cm/second; P < 0.005), whereas mean resistive indices of the ophthalmic artery (0.75 +/- 0.06 cm/second; P < 0.005) and central retinal artery were found to have increased (0.70 +/- 0.05 cm/second; P < 0.01). Patients with pseudoexfoliation glaucoma, when compared with the control participants, showed statistically significant decreases in the mean peak systolic and end diastolic velocities and increased mean resistive indices in all vessels measured (P < 0.05). Compared with the patients with pseudoexfoliation syndrome, patients with pseudoexfoliation glaucoma showed statistically significant decreases in the mean peak systolic velocities of the ophthalmic artery (30.07 +/- 4.00 cm/second; P < 0.05) and short posterior nasal ciliary arteries (2.35 +/- 0.09 cm/second; P < 0.05), and in the mean end diastolic velocities of the ophthalmic artery (6.28 +/- 2.12 cm/second; P < 0.05), and short posterior nasal ciliary arteries (2.35 +/- 0.09 cm/second; P < 0.05). The differences in the mean resistive indices were not statistically significant between the patients with pseudoexfoliation syndrome and the ones with pseudoexfoliation glaucoma. CONCLUSIONS: The findings suggest that hemodynamic parameters in the retrobulbar vessels were altered in patients with pseudoexfoliation syndrome and pseudoexfoliation glaucoma; however, these alterations were more prominent in the latter group.
Aged↗
Monitoring a bioprocess for ethanol production using FT-MIR and FT-Raman spectroscopy.
The application of Fourier transform mid-infrared (FT-MIR) spectroscopy and Fourier transform Raman (FT-Raman) spectroscopy for process and quality control of fermentative production of ethanol was investigated. FT-MIR and FT-Raman spectroscopy along with multivariate techniques were used to determine simultaneously glucose, ethanol, and optical cell density of Saccharomyces cerevisiae during ethanol fermentation. Spectroscopic measurement of glucose and ethanol were compared and validated with the high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method. Spectral wave number regions were selected for partial least-squares (PLS) regression and principal component regression (PCR) and calibration models for glucose, ethanol, and optical cell density were developed for culture samples. Correlation coefficient (R(2)) value for the prediction for glucose and ethanol was more than 0.9 using various calibration methods. The standard error of prediction for the PLS first-derivative calibration models for glucose, ethanol, and optical cell density were 1.938 g/l, 1.150 g/l, and 0.507, respectively. Prediction errors were high with FT-Raman because the Raman scattering of the cultures was weak. Results indicated that FT-MIR spectroscopy could be used for rapid detection of glucose, ethanol, and optical cell density in S. cerevisiae culture during ethanol fermentation.
Calibration↗
Enhanced organically bound chromium yeast production.
This paper describes continuous and fed-batch fermentation protocols for enhanced production of organically bound chromium yeast. During continuous fermentation, several inorganic chromium compounds were evaluated. Sodium chromate demonstrated the best chromium incorporation into yeast biomass without any precipitation in the fermentation medium. During fed-batch fermentation, several sodium chromate concentrations were evaluated at 1.1, 3.5, 5.9, 7.1, 8.3, and 10.8 g/L with continuous or single-dose addition. For single-dose addition of sodium chromate, some precipitation was observed for all concentrations, which reduced the available chromium in the fermentation medium. Adapted strain C11-1, obtained during continuous fermentation, produced higher biomass than the wild type but significantly lowered chromium incorporation. Pilot-scale fermentation demonstrated similar total chromium incorporation (2966 ppm) with lower biomass production compared to benchtop fermentation performed at the same sodium chromate addition.
Chromium↗
Multifocal bone tuberculosis presenting as a breast mass: CT and MRI findings.
Chest wall involvement is an uncommon manifestation of musculoskeletal tuberculosis. We present computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging findings in a case with multifocal musculoskeletal tuberculosis presenting as a breast mass. These radiological modalities are not diagnostic without histopathological confirmation, but they are valuable guides to surgery in defining the extent of disease involvement.
Adolescent↗
Enhanced organically bound selenium yeast production by fed-batch fermentation.
This study describes a fed-batch fermentation protocol for enhanced production of Saccharomyces cerevisiae containing organically bound selenium. Two levels of sodium selenate concentrations were applied as either a single dose or continuous addition. Fermentations with high sodium selenate (63.2 g/L in cane molasses feeding medium) demonstrated 24 g/L of biomass with 1382 microg of selenium/g of dry biomass for single-dose addition and 40 g/L of biomass with 1491 microg of selenium/g of dry biomass for continuous addition. Low selenium concentration (31.6 g/L in cane molasses feeding medium) demonstrated higher biomass concentration with higher selenium level; 37 g/L of biomass with 2846 microg of selenium/g of dry biomass and 45 g/L of biomass with 2495 microg of selenium/g of dry biomass for single-dose and continuous addition, respectively. Also, two adapted S. cerevisiae strains were evaluated in fed-batch fermentation. A single dose of low concentration demonstrated >3000 microg of selenium/g of dry biomass, but biomass concentration was lower (< or =32 g/L) for these adapted strains.
Arsenicals↗
Production of organically bound selenium yeast by continuous fermentation.
This paper describes a protocol for incorporation of sodium selenite or sodium selenate into Saccharomyces cerevisiae biomass by continuous fermentation in a medium with minimal sulfur and methionine concentrations. Selenium incorporation was followed by atomic absorption analysis and methylene blue reduction time (MBRT). Continuous fermentation at 0.2 h(-1) dilution rate and sodium selenite addition gradient up to 0.69 g/L of Na(2)SeO(3) yielded 1. 89 g/L of biomass with 1904 microg of selenium/g of dry biomass. However, MBRT was 0.1 min, which indicated that the majority of selenium was in the inorganic form. On the other hand, continuous fermentation at 0.2 h(-1) dilution rate and sodium selenate gradient up to 0.28 g/L of Na(2)SeO(4) yielded 0.76 g/L of dry biomass with 687 microg of selenium/g of dry biomass, and MBRT was 26 min, which indicated a high concentration of organically bound selenium. Overall, the results indicate a Se/S ratio of 3.9:1 and a dry biomass/Se ratio of 5.5:1 as optimal for continuous production of organically bound selenium.
Arsenicals↗
Unilateral megalencephaly associated with contralateral neuronal migration defect.
A case of unilateral megalencephaly associated with contralateral cortical dysplasia and grey matter heterotopia is reported. The corpus callosum is a genetic and the basal ganglia are dysplastic.
Abnormalities, Multiple↗
MR imaging of renal vein occlusion in dogs.
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: MR findings of renal vein thrombosis are not consistent in the literature. Our goal was to evaluate MR findings of kidneys after renal vein occlusion in dogs. METHODS: Surgical ligation of renal veins was performed in seven dogs. Of these, five dogs were examined with MRI before surgery, on the day of the renal vein ligation, and on the 1st, 4th, 8th, 15th, and 30th days. The other two dogs underwent nephrectomy on the 4th and 8th days for histopathologic correlation. RESULTS: On T1-weighted images, corticomedullary differentiation was lost in all dogs by the 15th day. On T2-weighted images, the signal intensity of the renal cortex was significantly decreased beginning on the first day. The kidneys showed no medullary enhancement in the postcontrast period. The volume of the kidney began increasing at the time of renal vein ligation, started to decrease after the 4th day, and developed significant atrophy by the 30th day. CONCLUSIONS: After renal vein ligation, the renal cortex appears hypointense on T2-weighted images, corticomedullary differentiation is lost within 2 weeks on T1-weighted images, and the kidney becomes atrophic by 1 month.
Animals↗
Laryngeal amyloidosis with laryngocele: MRI and CT.
A case of laryngeal amyloidosis associated with a laryngocele is reported. Preoperative CT showed diffuse thickening of the epiglottis, aryepiglottic folds and false vocal cords with well-defined calcific foci. MRI revealed contrast enhancement and increased signal intensity on T2-weighted images.
Amyloidosis↗
Pituitary dimensions and volume measurements in pregnancy and post partum. MR assessment.
PURPOSE: Our purpose was to clarify and further characterize the changes in height, length, width, volume, and shape in the normal pituitary gland and in width in the infundibulum during pregnancy and the first 6 months post partum. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Cranial MR imaging was performed in 78 women who were pregnant in the second or third trimester or who were post partum, and in 18 age-matched control subjects who were not pregnant. Volume measurements were performed in 2 ways; volume 1=1/2 x height x length x width; and volume 2=area (measured by trackball) x slice thickness. RESULTS: Gland volume, height, width, length, and convexity, and infundibular width increased during pregnancy. The highest values were seen during the 3 days immediately post partum. When compared with volunteers, volumes 1 and 2 showed the largest increase (120%) among the parameters. Gland height showed the best correlation (r=0.94, p<0.00001) with gestational age. The mean height of the gland was 8.76 mm in the third trimester. None of the pregnant women had a gland height of above 10 mm during pregnancy. Only 2 subjects had gland heights of 10.04 and 10.2 mm during the 0-3 days post partum. After this first post-partum period of 3 days, the gland size, shape, and volume and the infundibular width returned to normal within 6 months. CONCLUSION: The pituitary gland enlarges in three dimensions throughout pregnancy. During pregnancy, the volume of the gland shows the highest percentage of increase compared to its length, height, and width. The maximum height of the gland does not exceed 10 mm during pregnancy but it may exceed 10 mm during the 3 days immediately post partum.
Adolescent↗
Tuberous sclerosis: ultrasound, CT and MRI features of two cases with multiple organ involvement.
The cases of two patients with tuberous sclerosis with multiple sites of involvement are presented. Both patients had characteristic cerebral lesions of tuberous sclerosis associated with bilateral renal angiomyolipomas and hepatic hamartomas. Additionally there were diffuse pulmonary cystic changes in one patient and cardiac rhabdomyoma in the other.
Adult↗