Biomedical subjects

A Dimache

Publications and source records attributed to A Dimache.

7 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1997

A clinical, epidemiological and laboratory study on avoiding the risk of transmitting viral hepatitis during vaccinations with the Dermojet protected by an anticontaminant disposable device.

Jet injectors may transmit blood-borne infections, such as hepatitis B virus (HBV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). To evaluate the safety of an anticontaminant disposable device which protects the jet injector apparatus, 22,714 healthy subjects were intradermally inoculated (38,162 inoculations) with a variety of vaccines. All the subjects were systematically followed-up clinically and epidemiologically for 6-18 months after inoculation; blood samples from 1619 subjects, before and 60-75 days after inoculation, were examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for HBV, hepatitis C virus (HCV) and HIV. Before vaccination 212 (13.09%) subjects were positive: 204 positive for HBV markers and eight for the HCV marker. None of the subjects were positive for the anti-HIV marker. During the clinico-epidemiological surveillance and the laboratory investigations mentioned above no clinical viral hepatitis B or C case and no seroconversion to positivity for HBV or HCV markers among the susceptible persons in the group were reported. Considering that in similar situations there is a theoretical risk of transmission as high as 1 per 388 to 1 per 3367 injections and that in our case 38,162 inoculations were performed in 22,714 subjects with the same Dermojet protected by the same type of anticontaminant disposable device, no contamination risk being reported, the conclusion can be reached that jet injectors can be safely used in the medical practice if they are protected by the sterile anticontaminant disposable device.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Experimental study on intradermal antitetanus antityphoid immunization.

A new type of concentrated unadsorbed Tetanus vaccine was administered in animals by intradermal route, associated or not with Typhoid vaccine. The results of the laboratory tests demonstrated that this vaccine is innocuous and produces minimal reactions. A single doses of Tetanus vaccine inoculated in guinea pig or rabbit resulted in a relevant titer which increased when the Typhoid vaccine was associated. Also, in such immunized guinea pigs, a remarkable resistance to tetanic toxin was achieved. The levels of the active or passive typhoid-protective power as well as that of the agglutinating antibodies were not influenced by the association of the Tetanus vaccine to the Typhoid vaccine. Therefore, when the Typhoid vaccine suspended in Tetanus vaccine was administered intradermally to the animals by Jet injector, it had not a negative effect for none of the two components, had a beneficial effect upon the levels of determined antibody production and allowed an easier and more rapid administration of these vaccines.

Agglutinins↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Antityphoid and antitetanic intradermal vaccination of chronic neuropsychic patients in a typhoid fever outbreak.

Intradermal immunization of 229 chronic neuropsychic patients in Gura Ocnitzei Sanatorium, Dîmbovitza County, where a typhoid fever outbreak burst, was performed with a freeze-dried typhoid vaccine, suspended in purified and concentrated tetanic anatoxin. Adverse reactions were minimal and immunologic response, evaluated by laboratory tests, was good, reaching the level of that obtained as a result of classic vaccination methods (subcutaneous antityphoid and intramuscular anti-tetanic). Both after vaccination and also booster O and H agglutinating titers increased 4-7 times and anti-S. typhi. seroprotecting effect reached and maintained a high level. Moreover, antityphoid vaccination permitted epidemic focus limiting and its complete extinguishing after booster. Antitetanic vaccination resulted in protecting titers settlement (greater than or equal to 0.01 IU/ml) in all previously non-protected persons (1/3 of all subjects) and in the increase of protecting titers, existing before vaccination in the other persons.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Intradermal antitetanic-antityphoid booster by jet injection.

The immunogenicity and the reactogenicity of an unadsorbed Tetanus vaccine, intradermally administered in man as a booster immunization associated or not with lyophilized Typhoid vaccine, were comparatively studied. There were no differences in postvaccinal reactions between the Tetanus vaccine administered alone or associated with Typhoid vaccine as well as between the unadsorbed and adsorbed Tetanus vaccine. The booster inoculation carried out with Tetanus vaccine by i.d. route with doses of 10 Lf/0.1 ml proved to be effective, inducing to all the subjects a definite protective titre, maintaining for at least one year.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Intradermal antityphoid-antitetanus vaccination by jet injection.

A lyophilized, heat-killed, phenol preserved typhoid vaccine (5 x 10(8) cells) suspended in 0.1 ml unadsorbed concentrated tetanus vaccine (10 Lf) was administered in man by intradermal route. This association of the two vaccines resulted in milder postvaccinal reactions: moreover, the immunological properties of typhoid vaccine, as certified by the passive protection test of the mouse with sera of the vaccines and the H and O agglutinin titres found in these immune sera, were perfectly conserved. Consequently, the mixed typhoid-tetanus vaccination in man by intradermal route is possible and advantageous for practical and economical reasons.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Experimental study upon the efficacy of some accelerated vaccination schedules in tetanus prophylaxis.

In an attempt to accelerate the antitetanic vaccine-induced immune response necessary particularly in subjects with tetanigenic wounds, groups of guinea pigs or rabbits were i.d. or s.c. immunized with a nonadsorbed purified and concentrated toxoid. Concomitantly, lots of control animals were i.m. immunized with tetanic vaccine adsorbed on aluminium phosphate. The immune response was estimated by testing the serum antitetanus antitoxic titre and the resistance of guinea pigs to tetanic intoxication. The results obtained revealed a variety of responses to vaccination in which differed terms of the species of animals and the applied immunization schedule. When single vaccine doses were used the protective antitetanus limit was reached in seven days in rabbits and after ten days in guinea pigs; the adsorbed vaccine induced a stronger immune response than the non-adsorbed vaccine. When multiple immunization doses were used the non-adsorbed tetanus vaccine induced, especially in rabbits, a more rapid response that the adsorbed vaccine. The vaccination schedules used in laboratory animals and which have yielded the best results in this experiment will be analysed and checked on human subjects in a further study.

Adsorption↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Experimental study of the mixed (oral-intradermal) vaccination method in enteric diseases.

Enteric vaccines are currently administered in man either orally or parenterally, each vaccination route having its advantages and disadvantages. In an attempt to cumulate the favourable effects of the two immunization methods a combined (oral-intradermal) anti-S.typhimurium and anti-S.typhi vaccination scheme was applied in mice. For comparison reasons, the oral (one or two immunization cycles) and the parenteral (one or two vaccine doses intradermally administered) vaccinations were used. The results obtained showed that mixed (oral-intradermal) vaccination induces a higher protective effect to infection with S.typhimurium or S.typhi, as compared to the single oral vaccination (one or two cycles) and a protective effect which does not differ from that obtained by intradermal vaccination.

Administration, Oral↗