Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to A Dubiel.
This paper presents a report on a child with Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome. The clinical picture and laboratory findings are characteristic of this disease. The prevailing symptoms have included recurrent respiratory and alimentary tract infections, seborrhic dermatitis-type skin lesions, and thrombocytopenia. Humoral and cellular immunological disturbances have been noted, and the pedigree pattern is very characteristic.
The effect of exploitation and adrenergic system drugs on sexual reflexes and properties of the semen in somatically mature Polish Large White boars has been presented. At the first stage 8 males were exploited twice a week. Then, previous to semen collection, the animals were given beta-adrenolytic (Propranolol--Polfa), after 30 minutes followed by the preparation Levonor--Polfa (alpha-adrenomimetic). 15 minutes after last injection the semen was collected, this procedure having been repeated twice a week. At the second stage of the experiment the same males were exploited once a week. Like in the first stage, the animals were given the same doses of the drugs in the same sequence. 15 minutes after last injection the semen was collected once a week. At the third stage of the experiment the boars were exploited every day. Again, like in the previous stages, the animals were given the above mentioned beta-adrenolytic and alpha-adrenomimetic to collect the semen 15 minutes after last injection. In all the stages of the experiment 6-8 ejaculates were collected from each boar. Apart from preliminary assessment of concentration and morphology of spermatozoons there was determined the level of protein and activity of selected enzymes in the semen. The sexual drive as well as the time of searching reflex and ejaculation were observed. The drugs applied have been proved to be able to prolong the time of ejaculation reflex. Simultaneous application of beta-adrenolytic and alpha-adrenomimetic to animals exploited twice a week appeared to increase the number of spermatozoons in the whole ejaculate, the percentage of spermatozoons with proper movement and the activity of GGT and fucosidase. Intensive exploitation of a boar with parallel application of the preparations described bring about a gradual decrease in spermatozoons and protein in the ejaculate as well as in the activity of hyaluronidase in its plasma and in conversion to mg protein of semen plasma.
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The investigations were carried out on 6 boars aged from 10 to 12 months. Before operation, 5 ejaculates were collected from each animal. In the second stage of the investigations, the boars were subjected to the following procedures: the deferent ducts were cut and ligated, and the bulbo-urethral glands and vesicular glands were removed. Four to 28 ejaculates were collected after each operation. The ejaculates obtained at the individual stages of the experiments were subjected to the following tests: introductory assessment, concentration and morphology of spermatozoa, and biochemical investigations concerning the concentration of Mn, Co, Cd, Fe, Cr, Ni, Sr, Ag and Li. The authors proved that the secretions from the individual segments of the reproductive organ of the boar are different in respect of their biochemical composition. The secretion of the testicles and epididymides determines the concentration of Mn, Cd and Cr in the ejaculate of the animals. The level of Mn and Fe seems to be largely influenced by the secretion from the vesicular glands and deferent ducts. The secretion of the prostate and urethral glands is responsible for the level of Cr and Ni in semen plasma, and also for the concentration of Mn, Ca and Fe. The concentration of Fe in the semen of boars distinctly depends on the presence of spermatozoa and of the secretion of the bulbo-urethral glands. The AAS method failed to detect traces of Ag and Li in the ejaculates of these boars; Co was present in vestigial amounts only.
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The author's observations revealed that out of 20 female rabbits inseminated with undiluted semen, 18 animals got pregnant (90 per cent of the total). The insemination time ranged from 25 minutes to 5 hours and 30 minutes after the coitus with the sterile male. The volume of the insemination dose indispensable for pregnancy ranged from 0,2-0,6 ml, and the number of the spermatozoa with normal motility in that dose ranged from 27-30 million.
Filter-paper electrophoretic partition of the semen plasma of fertile dogs showed the presence of three fractions. These fractions arranged themselves from the starting line solely in the direction of the negative pole; as compared with an electrophoregram of the dog blood serum, they placed themselves in the area of gamma-globulins. Electrophoretic partition of the semen plasma of dogs with fecundity disturbances also showed the presence of three fractions, whose migration path and protein concentration are identical with those found in the semen plasma of fertile dogs. It should be added that ejaculate samples obtained from old dogs with azoospermia did not partition into the fractions mentioned above. In such cases, only one fraction was observed at a certain distance from the starting line, becoming diffuse towards the cathode.
Observations were carried out on 50 rabbits, from which 145 ejaculates were taken and examined. It was found that the volume of a full rabbit ejaculate ranges from 0.4 to 5.0 ml, that of the spermatozoa fraction -- from 0.1 to 3.5 ml, and that of the mucous-jelly fraction -- from 0.2 to 3.5 ml. The colour and consistency of the semen depend mainly on the concentration of the spermatozoa and lipids in the volume unit of the ejaculate; the vawy motility in most of the ejaculates is determined as +, +(+) and ++. In the majority of the ejaculates the percentage of spematozoa with normally motility reaches 60-100, and the concentration of spermatozoa ranges from 58 000 to 1 182 000 per mm3, the average being 340 000 per mm3. Secondary changes in the spermatozoa average 9.4 per cent of the whole amount observed in a preparation, and the primary changes -- up to 2.8 per cent. Three cases of fertility disturbances were found, which constitutes 6 per cent of the total number of 50 rabbits under observation. Since it is very difficult to ascertain the causes of fertility disturbances in rabbits, attention should be drawn to the examination of semen as a means of detecting the real cause.
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