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A Ducasse

Publications and source records attributed to A Ducasse.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

[Immunohistochemistry in ophthalmic pathology: applications and limitations].

We evaluate the applications of immunohistochemistry (IHC) in ophthalmic cytology and pathology. The principles of the techniques used in IHC are described. Recent improvements are highlighted, such as the polymeric labeling two-step method, tyramine signal amplification, rabbit monoclonal antibodies, and labeled nanocrystals. The results of the immunohistochemical methods are collected in bacterial and viral diseases and in tumors of the eye and its adnexa, the pathology of which varies greatly. The results in lymphomas, melanomas, and palpebral tumors were more details for practical reasons. There are widespread applications of IHC in ophthalmic pathology, extending from viral ocular and general diseases to the diagnosis of tumors. In some conditions, this technique needs to be associated with molecular biology investigations. Automation helps establish standard protocols, but IHC is a multistep diagnostic method requiring proper selection, fixation, processing, and staining procedures. From a general standpoint, good communication between pathologists and ophthalmologists is the best guarantee of satisfying results.

Eye Neoplasms↗
PubMed2006

[Ocular melanoma: immunohistochemical evaluation of the potentially predictive markers of prognosis. Preliminary results].

PURPOSE: To study the characteristics of certain biological parameters, many of which have been recently discovered, to assess their possible contribution to the prognosis of ocular melanoma. MATERIAL: and methods: 25 patients with ocular and orbital melanoma treated at the Reims Regional Hospital since 1993 were included in the retrospective study. The surgical specimens were put in formalin 10%, then in paraffin. Five proteins were analyzed retrospectively: topoisomerase I, topoisomerase IIalpha, ICBP90, Ki67, and P53 on 200 cells per case. RESULTS: Of the 25 tumors from 14 men and 11 women, 15 were iris and ciliary body melanomas and ten choroidal melanomas. Histopathologic analysis showed 12 spindle-cell-type melanomas, seven epithelioid-cell-type melanomas and six mixed-cell-type melanomas. The immunohistochemical study found a significant difference in distribution between the cellular types for the topoisomerase IIalpha and Ki67 antibodies. Eight patients had metastasis, six of whom died. The metastasis came from three mixed-cell-type melanomas, three epithelioid-cell-type melanomas, and two spindle-cell-type melanomas. On the other hand, six cases of sclera infiltration were discovered among these eight patients. CONCLUSION: Several prognostic factors seem to be involved in the progression of melanoma: sclera infiltration seems to be essential in our study. Its rate seems to increase with the tumor size and in epithelioid-cell-type melanomas. The correlation between the different immunomarkers and the appearance of metastasis has not yet been verified.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

[Pathology in the diagnosis and treatment of palpebral tumors].

UNLABELLED: The authors stress the role and place of pathology in the diagnosis and treatment of eyelid tumors. After a brief report on the main histological characteristics of eyelid tumors and their classification, the pathological methods are described, with particular attention paid to the technical aspects of frozen sections in palpebral surgery. AIM: This study reports the main pathological techniques available for use in eyelid tumor surgery. The advantages of frozen sections are reported from a retrospective study of basal-cell carcinomas of the eyelid. MATERIAL AND METHODS: All basal-cell carcinomas treated at the Reims Hospital from 1985 to 1999 were retrospectively studied. The pathological aspects are reported. Most of the tumors (155/193) were examined with frozen sections. Recurrences are considered. CONCLUSION: Pathology in eyelid tumor surgery must be taken into consideration. Frozen section examination may eliminate recurrences and limit healthy tissue taken at resection. This method is a very useful tool in this type of surgery. The benefits of the classic Mohs technique can be completed by a technique that is more precisely adapted to the control of the lateral limits of the excision in reconstructions which are often complex.

Adenocarcinoma, Sebaceous↗
PubMed2002

[Factors of recurrence of basal cell carcinomas of the eyelid].

UNLABELLED: Basal cell carcinomas of the eyelids can recur, although these recurrences are uncommon. In this retrospective study, all basal cell carcinomas treated at Reims Regional Hospital since 1985 were studied to determine the frequency of recurrence and the factors for recurrence. MATERIAL: and methods: All basal cell carcinomas treated at Reims Regional Hospital since 1985 were studied. A total of more than 200 patients had been operated on for basal cell carcinoma during this period. Those with orbital extension or a location on 2 eyelids were excluded. Epidemiological factors such as sex, age, tumor location, tumor size, and treatment were noted. Recurrences were uncommon, presenting in ten patients. These recurrences were studied in relation to the existing epidemiological data and the treatment provided, particularly the histological results. DISCUSSION: Basal cell carcinomas located on only 1 eyelid or 1 canthus can usually be treated with one surgical intervention. Extemporaneous histological study can preclude a local recurrence in most cases, but in some cases the condition may recur some years later. Factors favoring recurrence are difficult to determine. CONCLUSION: The authors report the number of recurrences after surgical treatment of basal cell carcinomas of the eyelids. The recurrences are relatively uncommon when the treatment has been done with extemporaneous histological examination of the resected edges. These recurrences arise particularly in relatively young patients with no other obvious risk factor.

Basal Cell Carcinoma↗
PubMed2002

[Retinal vein occlusion and carotid Doppler imaging].

PURPOSE: To investigate retinal vein occlusion with B-mode ultrasonography carotid and color Doppler imaging. METHODS: In 223 patients (225 eyes) presenting with retinal vein occlusion, we retrospectively investigated vascular risk factors (hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, cardiovascular history, smoking, and glaucoma), standard laboratory tests, and color Doppler imaging of the carotid artery. RESULTS: The data from 106 women (47.54%) and 117 men (52.46%), with a mean age of 65 years, were studied, with 169 patients presenting a central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) and 56 a branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO). Thirteen patients (6%) had significant carotid artery stenosis (>=70%), which was the single etiology. Forty patients (18%) had nonsignificant carotid artery stenosis (<70%) with a risk of embolism production. Such carotid artery lesions found in color Doppler imaging in the RVO investigations were significantly more frequent in older patients (>65 years) who presented at least two RVO risk factors (p<0.001). CONCLUSION: This study has shown the the advantages of carotid Doppler imaging in retinal vein occlusion.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

[Malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the eyelid].

Fibrous histiocytomas, mostly benign, have often been reported in the orbit, but only four lesions have been described on the eyelids, with only one malignant. The authors present a case of malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the eyelid in a 76-year-old woman with a difficult histological diagnosis. Characteristics of this pathology are explained from data in the literature.

Aged↗
PubMed2001

[Tolerance of orbital implants. Retrospective study on 14 years].

UNLABELLED: The authors report the results of enucleations performed from 1985 to 1998 and the different orbital implants used. MATERIAL AND METHODS: All patients undergoing enucleation from 1985 to 1998 were studied. RESULTS: 68 men and 32 women had an enucleation. The main indication was tumoral diseases, principally choroidal melanomas and ciliary melanomas (respectively, 26 and 8). More rarely the indication was orbital metastasis or eyelid carcinoma. The follow indications were traumatisms and neovascular glaucomas. The orbital implants used were mainly Allen implants, silicone implants and hydroxyapatite implants. The main complication was the expulsion of the implant, which occurred in about 20% of the cases, for the most part in the group of silicone and tunnel implants patient. These expulsions were found less with hydroyxapatite implants. For the hydroxyapatite implants we also noticed the some conjunctival erosion. The expulsion of the implant occurred most often before 2 years. CONCLUSION: The authors report on the survey of orbital implants used for 14 years. They noticed the high frequency of expulsions when they used tunnel or silicone implants and better results with hydroxyapatite implant.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

[Arterial blood supply and innervation of the rectus muscles of the eyeball].

UNLABELLED: The authors report on the arterial blood supply and the innervation of the rectus muscles of the eyeball from human orbital dissections. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Hundred human orbits were dissected using a superior approach after arterial injection with colored latex. The different arterial pedicles for each muscle were noted and the nervous supply was studied. RESULTS: The arterial blood supply of the rectus muscles comes from different branches of the ophthalmic artery, usually the inferior muscular artery, the lacrimal artery, the superior muscular artery when it exists, and by small branches arising from the ophthalmic artery. The superior rectus is supplied by branches of the ophthalmic artery and the lacrimal artery (1 to 5 pedicles). The medial rectus is supplied by branches of the ophthalmic artery and the inferior muscular artery (5 to 9 branches). The inferior muscle rectus is principally supplied by the inferior muscular artery (4 pedicles) and the lateral muscle is supplied by the lacrimal artery or the lateral muscular artery (3 to 6 branches). For innervation, the abducens nerve supplies the lateral rectus; the other muscles are supplied by the oculomotor nerve whose superior branch supplies the superior rectus and whose inferior branch, supplies the inferior and medial rectus. DISCUSSION: The arterial blood supply is variable. The arteries which lie near the rectus muscles usually supply one or more branches to the muscles. The arteries go into the muscles through their conal side. This arterial supply is at the posterior part of the muscle. Innervation, in contrast, is very constant and fixed. CONCLUSION: The arterial blood supply to the rectus muscles is variable but always substantial. The pedicles are numerous, often 3 to 5 for each muscle. Innervation is fixed and constant.

Arteries↗
PubMed2001

[Dermis fat graft. Use of surgical reconstruction of the cavities].

Dermis fat graft is a surgical technique that is nowadays well accepted for the reconstruction of the orbital cavities. The authors report the results and the follow-up of 17 dermis fat grafts carried out at the Reims Hospital between March 1(st), 1987 and December 31(st)1999. They explain the modalities of the technique, its major indications and the possible complications. At Reims, the dermis fat graft is mainly done to resolve intraorbital implant extrusions.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed2001

[Tarsomarginal graft. Indication and results in palpebral surgery].

A tarsomarginal graft is indicated in eyelid reconstructive surgery particularly after tumor resection. We reported the results of a retrospective study during the past 13 years with 58 grafts. We found a predominance of basal cell carcinomas localised in the lateral third portion of the lid (42%) and in the lower eyelid (76%). The mean size was 14mm for the tumor and 9.81mm for the graft. Grafts were used to cover a defect larger than 5mm. Complications were rare, and mainly involved suture looseness. The Hubner technique gave good results; repairing the eyelid without having to make a tarsorraphy and providing good cosmetic results. The graft must be covered by a skin flap.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

[Orbital foreign bodies].

Orbital foreign bodies are found in a variety of instances according to the foreign body, its volume, its nature and its location. Clinical cases are variable. In an emergency, the suspicion of an orbital foreign body in case of an orbital wound is studied as well as the surgical indications for extraction of this foreign body. Later, a misdiagnosed orbital foreign body can lead to infectious complications such as cellulitis, orbital abscess, fistula, or cerebral abscess with possible mortality. The different cases are presented with their surgical indications.

Emergencies↗
PubMed2000

[Good practices in traumatic glaucoma].

We review different aspects of trauma induced glaucoma and hypertonia, discussing pathophysiology, patient management, and the main clinical presentations. One can distinguish schematically first acute hypertonia related to changes in the position of the crystalline lens or to a hyphema which requires emergency medical or surgical care and second, chronic situations generally related to definitive angle lesions. We also discuss particular presentations such as phantom cell glaucoma and glaucoma by chemical burn or siderosis.

Burns, Chemical↗
PubMed2000

[Unilateral exophthalmos revealing agenesia of the greater wing of the sphenoid].

We present the case of a 3-year-old child who had painless pulsatory left exophthalmos which revealed sphenoidal agenesis. The radiological investigations including CT scan, MRI, and scintigraphy confirmed the diagnosis and excluded other bone abnormalities. Therepeutic behavior in this case was limited to simple inspection.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1999

Late stage kinetics of a phase separation induced by a cw laser wave in binary liquid mixtures.

cw laser waves can be used to locally induce phase transitions. We investigate experimentally and theoretically a laser-driven liquid-liquid phase separation in a micellar phase of microemulsion and analyze its late stage kinetics. The medium is optically quenched in composition in the metastable region of the phase diagram. Two processes can lead to these concentration variations: electrostriction and thermodiffusion. The first originates from induced dipolar couplings in a field gradient. The second corresponds to a variation in concentration driven by a small thermal gradient. Since the nucleated droplets are optically trapped by the beam, we show that it becomes possible to experimentally analyze an academic situation, i.e., the diffusion-driven growth of a single droplet in compensated gravity. The late stage of this kinetics can be divided into two parts, a bulk behavior and a regime controlled by the finite transverse size of the beam. The bulk regime is totally analogous to that observed in classical situations (R proportional, variant t(1/3), where R is the droplet radius and t the time), and the scaling of the amplitudes in terms of reduced length and time scales is in total agreement with the expected behaviors for fluids belonging to the same Ising universality class. Moreover, the Gaussian beam behaves as an optical bottle with "soft walls" in which the absence of rigid boundaries, and thus of wetting couplings, allows an intrinsic description of the influence of finite-size effects on the kinetics. The beam size breaks the dynamic universality when the growing domains start to feel it. We experimentally investigate the resulting slowing down, and a diffusion-driven model of the growth inside a laser wave is built for comparison. The good agreement observed for the bulk regime and during its modification induced by finite-size effects opens a promising field for the development of this new application of laser waves to control out-of-equilibrium liquid mixtures.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1999

[Bacillary endophthalmitis. Four case reports].

PURPOSE: Bacillary endophthalmitis occurring after penetrating ocular trauma with an intraocular foreign body is always associated with poor visual outcome. Bacilli cause fulminant infection associated with tissue damage in the intraocular structures. CASE REPORTS: Our series consisted of four patients with penetrating ocular trauma and endophthalmitis caused by B. cereus or B. licheniformis. Three eyes ultimately developed phtisis. Only on eye recovered good vision (2.5/10 P4). DISCUSSION: Recommended early treatment includes topical, subconjunctival, parenteral antibiotics. A review of the literature indicates that intravitreal antibiotic infusion is crucial for sufficient concentration to control infection. Early vitrectomy is recommended in the management of endophthalmitis. Vitreous and intraocular foreign bodies should be cultured to identify pathogens and ascertain antibiotic susceptibilities.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1999

[Main semeiologic characteristics of ptosis].

BACKGROUND: We report the main characteristics of blepharoptosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: All cases of blepharoptosis treated at the Reims University Hospital from 1992 to 1997 were reviewed. Ptosis, levator function, palpebral aperture, and the position of the upper crease were recorded as well as results of the epinephrine test, acetylcholine esterase inhibitor antibodies and computed tomography findings. RESULTS: There were 96 unilateral and 34 cases of bilateral blepharoptosis (164 cases). The cases of congenital blepharoptosis (36 cases) were usually unilateral with severe ptosis and poor levator function. In cases with Claude Bernard Horner syndrome, the blepharoptosis was unilateral with minimal ptosis and a positive response to neosynephrine. In cases with oculomotor nerve palsy (31 cases) the ptosis was moderate to severe and levator function was poor. In those with myasthenia, the prostigmine test was positive. Levator aponeurotic disinsertion was observed in 16 cases with severe ptosis, positive response to neosynephrine and a high upper crease. There were three cases of trauma-induced ptosis, 5 cases of myopathy and 26 cases of idiopathic ptosis. DISCUSSION: The clinical presentation of blepharoptosis is usually related to the etiology. Bilateral blepharoptosis is most often observed in congenital forms, levator disinsertion or idiopathic cases. Male sex predominates in congenital ptosis and oculomotor palsy, and female sex in Claude Bernard Horner syndrome. Moderate to severe ptosis is observed in congenital ptosis or oculomotor palsy. The upper crease is absent in many cases of congenital blepharoptosis and is high in case of levator disinsertion. The response to neosynephrine is positive in Claude Bernard Horner syndrome and aponeurotic disinsertion. The response to prostigmine is positive in case of myasthenia. CONCLUSIONS: Clinical aspects of blepharoptosis are related to etiology. The different features guide surgical or medical treatment of blepharoptosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

[Dermoid cysts. Epidemiology, clinical and anatomo-pathologic aspects, therapeutic management].

We retrospectively analyzed a series of 17 tumors suggestive of dermoid cysts operated on from January 1, 1991, through November 30, 1997. Mean patient age was 3.68 years. The periorbital localization predominated. Two cases of intraorbital localizations required lateral and medial orbitotomy. Surgical treatment was given in all other cases. We observed no complication nor recurrence.

Adolescent↗