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Biomedical subjects

A Ducolone

Publications and source records attributed to A Ducolone.

16 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

Phase II randomised trial comparing docetaxel given every 3 weeks with weekly schedule as second-line therapy in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

BACKGROUND: Taxotere (docetaxel) at the dose of 75 mg/m(2) every 3 weeks is a standard therapy for pretreated non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety profile of two schedules of docetaxel administration (every 3 weeks versus weekly) in patients with pretreated NSCLC. PATIENTS AND METHODS: From February 2000 to February 2001, 125 patients with locally advanced or metastatic NSCLC were randomised after failure of a previous platinum-based regimen to receive either docetaxel 75 mg/m(2) administered every 3 weeks (Dq3w) or docetaxel 40 mg/m(2) given weekly for 6 weeks followed by 2 weeks of rest (Dqw). Safety evaluations focused on grade 3-4 neutropenia, febrile neutropenia, nausea-vomiting and asthenia. RESULTS: Patients' characteristics were well balanced between arms. The most common National Cancer Institute Common Toxicity Criteria (NCI-CTC) grade 3-4 toxicity was neutropenia, which occurred in 48.4% of Dq3w patients versus 15.9% of Dqw patients (P=0.001). In addition, febrile neutropenia were observed in 6.5% of patients in Dq3w versus 0% in Dqw. Grade 3-4 asthenia was more frequent in Dqw. Other non-haematological toxicities were very rare. Regarding efficacy, there was a trend towards a better disease control rate in Dq3w: 32.2% versus 25.4% in Dqw. Median time to progression and survival were rather similar in both arms, respectively: 2.1 months (range 2-3.2) and 5.8 months (range 4.0-7.0) in Dq3w and 1.8 months (range 1.6-2.3) and 5.5 months (range 3.7-6.6) in Dqw. CONCLUSIONS: While both schedules had a favourable safety profile, a significant lower rate of severe neutropenia was observed in the weekly arm. Both regimens had similar efficacy. The weekly regimen could be considered as a good alternative for patients at risk of severe neutropenia.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Randomised, multicentre phase II study assessing two doses of docetaxel (75 or 100 mg/m2) as second-line monotherapy for non-small-cell lung cancer.

BACKGROUND: The survival benefit associated with first-line chemotherapy in advanced lung cancer led to the need for second-line chemotherapy. Docetaxel (Taxotere) has proven efficacy in both settings. This study evaluated the safety and efficacy of two doses of docetaxel in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer who had failed first-line platinum-based chemotherapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In total, 182 patients from 24 French centres were randomised and treated with either docetaxel 75 mg/m(2) (arm A) or 100 mg/m(2) (arm B) every 3 weeks. Baseline characteristics were well balanced, except more patients in arm A had metastatic disease (91.4% versus 78.7%) and therefore the median number of sites involved for arm A was three compared with two for arm B. RESULTS: Median time to treatment failure was 1.34 months [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.28-1.64] for arm A and 1.64 months (95% CI 1.34-2.62) for arm B. Median overall survival was 4.7 months (95% CI 3.8-5.9) for arm A versus 6.7 months (95% CI 4.8-7.1) for arm B. According to a blinded expert panel, disease control was achieved in 35 (43.8%) patients in arm A and 39 (49.4%) patients in arm B. More patients in arm B experienced grade 3-4 neutropenia (B: 72.7% versus A: 44.0%), asthenia (B: 20.2% versus A: 10.8%) and infection (B: 6.7% versus A: 2.2%). Three treatment-related deaths were reported in each arm. CONCLUSIONS: The optimal docetaxel dosage in this second-line setting is 75 mg/m(2), as it has a more favourable safety profile and on balance a similar efficacy to the 100 mg/m(2) dose.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Is chemotherapy with cisplatin useful in non small cell bronchial cancer at staging IV? Results of a randomized study].

The benefit of chemotherapy for patients with disseminated non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is controversial. The introduction of cisplatinum in the combination chemotherapy for NSCLC gave rise to higher response rates. To study the question of the usefulness of cisplatinum-based chemotherapy in disseminated NSCLC we conducted a prospective randomized trial comparing best supportive care to vindesine + cisplatin. Between December 1985 and March 1988, 49 patients with stage IV NSCLC were enrolled. Of the 46 eligible patients 24 were in the chemotherapy group and 22 in the best supportive care group. The treatment groups were not significantly different in terms of age, performance status, histology. Toxicity on the chemotherapy arm grade 3 or more was observed in 17.5% for neutropenia, in 8.75% for vomiting. There was one death related to treatment. The overall response rate in the chemotherapy group was 41.7%. Patients of the chemotherapy group had a median survival time of 199 days and the patients of the best supportive care group had a median survival time of 73 days. The difference in survival is highly significant (p less than 0.001).

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Gastroesophageal reflux in asthmatic and chronic bronchitis patients].

To determine the relationship between gastroesophageal (GE) reflux and pulmonary disease, we studied 21 asthmatics, 30 chronic bronchitics, 6 patients with GE reflux and no pulmonary symptoms, and 10 control subjects; GE reflux was diagnosed by pH monitoring and GE scintiscanning. Frequency of GE reflux in the asthmatics was 57%; in chronic bronchitis it was 56%. Pulmonary function tests did not show any differences between patients with or without reflux. The GE reflux episodes were more numerous but shorter in asthmatics than in chronic bronchitis. Patients with digestive symptoms alone were no different from chronic bronchitis with respect to reflux. The mechanism whereby reflux triggers pulmonary problems was investigated using the following 2 tests: scintiscan for pulmonary aspiration, and esophageal acid infusion (0.1N HCI). Six pulmonary aspirations were detected. Only asthmatics, with or without reflux, showed any significant variations in maximal expiratory flow at 50% and 25% of VC after HCI infusion. Thus, our results show that asthmatics differ from bronchitis patients by the characteristics of their reflux.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Tolerance test to an inspiratory resistive load and resistive training of respiratory muscles. Preliminary critical study in kyphoscoliotic patients].

Is increased tolerance to an additional inspiratory load after resistive training always due to respiratory muscle endurance? To answer this question, 5 kyphoscoliotic subjects were subjected to ventilation through a Y-shaped tube 3.2 cm in diameter during 10 minutes three times a day for 3 months. The subjects were divided into 3 groups. Group 1 (n = 3) trained with a non-linear resistance placed in the inspiratory branch of the tube during the first and third months and without additional load during the second month. Group 2 (n = 2) trained without inspiratory resistance during the first and third months and with an additional load during the second month. The load selected for the initial tolerance test (R1) was an inspiratory orifice with a diameter 0.5 mm wider than that of the orifice not tolerated during 3 min (R2). In each subject, ventilatory mode and time of tolerance on R1 were determined. This time was 10.8 +/- 6.8 min for the whole group. The tolerance test was repeated after each month of resistive or placebo training on R1 and R2. By grouping together the results of tolerance tests at 2 months after placebo training (4 measurements) and after resistive training (5 measurements), we found that the gain in endurance was similar without concomitant changes in volumes, air flows, VO2 max and time of endurance at 70% of VO2 max.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed1987

[Characteristics and evolutive data of chronic respiratory diseases after respiratory intensive care. Evaluation of the Pneumology Department of the Pavillon Saint-François in Strasbourg between 1980 and 1985].

Between 1980 and 1985, 66 patients with chronic obstructive lung disease (respiratory deficit of the restrictive type) were admitted to our department after an episode of acute respiratory failure treated with assisted ventilation in an intensive care unit. These patients were in a particularly poor clinical condition, due to their previous long stay in the intensive care unit (mean 43 days), the high percentage of tracheotomies (mean 44%), the loss of autonomy of movement in 30% of the cases and the presence of an associated pathology in 45% of the patients. These data explain the high mortality observed in this group: 40% of the patients died within one year of the acute respiratory failure episode. Other prognostic factors, notably the patients' nutritional status, must also be taken into account.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

[Pulmonary tuberculosis and cutaneous anergy to tuberculin].

A negative tuberculin test in a bacilliferous subject is an apparently paradoxical situation, since the first penetration of tubercle bacilli into the human body is known to induce hypersensitivity to tuberculin and to enhance cellular immunity. These two facets of cutaneous reaction are most probably related to lymphocyte populations of two different phenotypes. The authors found that 21% of skin tests were negative in patients carrying tubercle bacilli, with a higher frequency in elderly people and in subjects with low serum albumin levels and/or biochemical hepatic alterations. Helped by the literature, they are wondering about the significance and possible mechanisms of this situation.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Training respiratory muscles in subjects with chronic obstructive bronchopneumopathy].

Ten subjects with chronic bronchitis with relatively severe bronchial obstruction and, in most cases, severe distension underwent strengthening of their respiratory muscles at home by an additional respiratory resistance load for 10 minutes 3 times a day for one month. All of these subjects obtained an increased endurance of the respiratory muscles without any concomitant increase in the inspiratory muscular force. For the group as a whole, the diameter of the orifice of maximal tolerated inspiratory resistance decreased from 3.15 to 2.40 mm (p less than 0.001) and the time of endurance increased from 7 to 15 minutes 34 seconds (p less than 0.001) while the maximal inspiratory muscular pressure remained virtually unchanged. This benefit was not associated with an increase in the VO2 max SL measured during maximal effort nor with any modification of the VO2, the VE or the heart rate during sub-maximal effort; the objective benefit therefore appears to be very limited.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

[Idiopathic progressive pleuropulmonary fibrosis. Apropos of 2 cases].

The authors report two cases of retractile pleuroparenchymatous disease of the upper lobes of non known aetiology. They compare their results with those reported earlier by Stradling (20), Scadding (18), Davies (10) and attempt to identify the specific characteristics of the disease: progressive weight, loss frequent haemoptysis, apical onset, most often unilateral, with pleural involvement and progressive spread of the lesions which nevertheless remain predominantly in the upper lobes and are asymmetrical. The similarity with pulmonary fibrosis which occurs in ankylosing spondylitis is remarkable.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

[Pulmonary fibrosis and ankylosing spondylitis].

The authors report two new cases of pulmonary fibrosis associated with ankylosing spondylitis. The clinical, radiological and histological characteristics of this fibrosis are described. Various pathogenic hypotheses which could explain the onset of this fibrosis are envisaged.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

[Cockett's syndrome. Clinical and radiologic aspects].

Cockett's syndrome is due to compression of the left common iliac vein by the left iliac artery. Anatomical factors and venous anomalies contribute to the venous obstruction. Clinical symptoms only develop in cases with marked compression; they consist of functional disorders predominant in the left lower limb and, frequently, recurrent oedema. The compression may be revealed by complications such as deep thrombosis of the iliac vein or veins of the calf, or pulmonary embolism. The diagnosis is made by phlebo-ilio-cavography.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Prognostic value of pulmonary artery pressure in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

In 175 patients with chronic obstructive lung disease (157 chronic bronchitic and 18 emphysematous patients) exhibiting moderate to severe airway obstruction (mean FEV1/vital capacity = 40.2 +/- 11.1%), cumulative survival rates calculated by the actuarial method were compared in subgroups according to the initial level of mean pulmonary artery pressure, pulmonary volumes, and arterial blood gases. Patients were catheterised between 1968 and 1972 and were followed for at least five years. The results emphasise the high prognostic value of PAP since survival rates after four and seven years were significantly lower in the subgroup with PAP greater than 20 mmHg (2.7 kPa). Certain other parameters ("driving" pressure across the pulmonary circulation, FEV1 and Paco2) appear to be equally good at predicting survival as PAP in these obstructed patients. The effect of age should be taken into account in prognostic studies such as ours since survival rates were significantly lower in patients over 60 years of age. In 64 patients who underwent a second right heart catheterisation at least three years after the first (average delay: 5.5 +/- 2 years), the prognostic value of changes in PAP, arterial blood gases, and pulmonary volumes was studied but with the exception of Pao2 was unremarkable. Further studies are needed in this field.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[The prognostic significance of pulmonary arterial hypertension in chronic obstructive airway disease (author's transl)].

In 175 cases of chronic obstructive airway disease (most often chronic bronchitis) with severe ventilatory deficit in the majority of cases, the prognostic value of mean pulmonary arterial pressure (PAP) and other respiratory function parameters (FEV1, blood gases) was studied by calculation of survival rates using the actuarial method. The patients were cathetherised between 1968 and 1972 and the maximum period of follow-up is 10 years. The results demonstrated the definite prognostic value of PAP : 4 and 7 year survival rates were markedly different according to whether initial PAP was above or below 20 mmHg. However other haemodynamic (motor pressure through the pulmonary circulation) and non-haemodynamic (FEV1, PaCO2) parameters also would appear to be as useful as PAP in predicting survival in such patients. The prognosis is particularly bad in patients with severe pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAP greater than 30 mmHg). In this type of study, it is essential to bear in mind the influence of age. Survival rates differed significantly according to whether the subjects were over 60 years in age initially.

Adult↗