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Biomedical subjects

A Dvilansky

Publications and source records attributed to A Dvilansky.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Classical haemophilia in a girl.

A three-year-old white girl from a haemophiliac A family was a symptomatic carrier. The clinical and laboratory data concur with the form of a heterozygous symptomatic carrier state.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1979

Erythrocyte agglomeration and survival studies in citrate-phosphate-dextrose (CPD) units.

We have previously reported increased tendency to agglomeration in CPD-stored erythrocytes. In the present study we investigated the deterioration pattern of fresh units, as detected by agglomeration, free hemoglobin levels, ATP levels, osmotic fragility, and certain enzymatic activities. When the negative test was converted to a positive one, the 24-h survival values of these units were determined by autotransfusion. A positive agglomeration occurred while viability was still above 70%. Fresh units had high ATP levels and negative agglomeration while old units had low ATP levels and positive agglomeration. However, in intermediate-storage units, no definite correlation between ATP and agglomeration was found. Agglomeration seems to reflect the degree of changes in stored erythrocytes. However, further studies are needed before this test may serve for prediction of post-transfusion viability.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1979

Effect of beta-blockers on sodium and potassium content of human erythrocytes.

Recently, hyperpotassemia was reported in patients treated with propranolol, but the mechanism has not yet been delineated. We have investigated the effects of various beta-adrenergic blockers and of D-propranolol on the Na+ and K+ distribution intra- and extracellularly in human erythrocytes. K+ loss and Na+ gain by cells was demonstrated at drug concentrations of 10(-4) M or greater. D-Propranolol was more effective than L-propranolol, whereas pindolol was ineffective. Practolol increased Na+ content but did not influence K+. The results suggest that electrolyte redistribution across cell membranes is not a likely explanation for hyperpotassemia in patients treated with propranolol, or for the local anaesthetic effect of this drug.

Dose-Response Relationship, Drug↗
PubMed1979

Hematologic values in healthy older people in the Negev area.

Of 1,500 volunteers aged 65 or more selected at random in the Negev area, 224 were found to be healthy and available for further examination. The population represented broadly the various ethnic groups among Jews in Israel. The mean hemoglobin level, hematocrit, red and white blood cell counts and differential count showed no differences other than those due to chance when compared with the corresponding values in a younger (20 to 48 years of age) group. The differences between men and women were similar to those found in the comparison group, with men having higher mean values for hemoglobin, hematocrit, and red blood cell count; in the study group, serum iron, total iron-binding capacity and percent saturation were higher in men in all age groups. No differences were found in mean values of white blood cell count and differential count within the study population. However, mean serum iron was lower, and mean platelet count, higher than in the younger comparison group. This survey supports the use of normal standards for adults when elderly patients are examined, regardless of different ethnic origin. However, the higher than normal platelet counts in subjects from Asia, Africa and Eastern Europe should be taken into account.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1978

Hepatitis B antigen and antibody among staff members of an Israeli hospital and a kibbutz population.

Until recently, hepatitis type B was thought to be transmitted parenterally. However, much evidence has appeared regarding non-parenteral transmission. Hospital personnel are exposed both ways to this disease. We compared the incidence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and antibody (anti-HBs) among 388 workers at a major medical center in Israel with 203 kibbutz residents, using radioimmunoassay procedures. Of the hospital personnel, 1.8% were found to carry the antigen and 23.9% the antibody. In contrast, 0.5% of kibbutz personnel were antigen-positive and 11.8% carried the antibody. The highest incidence of antibody was found among people born in middle-eastern countries outside of Israel. These results show a significant increase in the exposure of hospital personnel to hepatitis B virus. A marked increase in the frequency of sera positive for anti-HBs occurred after the first year of hospital work.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1977

Plasma constituent (s) inhibiting platelet adhesiveness.

Adhesiveness in citrated whole blood is critically pH dependent at hydrogenion concentrations close to the physiological range. While platelets in platelet-rich plasma (PRP) adhere poorly in glass-bead columns, washed platelets and particularly gel-filtered platelets (GFP), prepared from PRP, are adhesive, Separation of PRP on a Sepharose 2B column revealed the presence of an inhibitor of adhesiveness of GFP. The inhibitory compound is thermostable and nondialyzable. It is inactivated completely by pronase digestion and partally by trypsin digestion. It is distinct from any one of the known platelet factors. Washed erythrocytes and erythrocyte membranes attenuate the potency of the inhibitor. Following separation by isoelectric focusing, the inhibitory activity is limited primarily to a single fraction with an isoelectric point of 5.1 containing equal amounts of proteins and lipids. Two protein bands are revealed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-gel electrophoresis of the purified fraction. It is concluded that PRP contains a compound, apparently a lipoprotein, which inhibits platelet adhesiveness.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Sickle cell thalassemia in an Israeli family.

Sickle cell thalassemia in an Israeli family of Indian extraction is described. The family demonstrates the segregation of the betaS- and beta-thal genes and the interaction phenomenon known to exist in this condition is demonstrated clearly in the propositus.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Blood coagulation status of small-for-dates and postmature infants.

In a prospective study of blood coagulation status in small-for-dates and postmature infants there was often evidence of intravascular coagulation. Abnormal coagulation findings correlated with the degree of growth retardation and with the degree of postmaturity. Macroscopical placental infarction and neonatal polycythaemia were associated with coagulation abnormalities; asphyxia, however, was not. Intravascular coagulation may be an additional hazard to small-for-dates and postmature infants.

Asphyxia↗
PubMed1975

Chronic eosinophilic leukemia complicated by epidural myeloblastoma.

Epidural myeloblastoma, which compressed the spinal cord, was the first evidence for chronic granulocytic leukemia, eosinophilic type, Ph chromosome negative. This manifestation was preceded by 3 years follow-up of a patient with persistent eosinophilia of 60% mature eosinophils. The only clues for the diagnosis of leukemia were splenomegaly and high serum vitamin B12, most of which was bound to transcobalamin I. The latter finding presents a useful diagnostic criterium in myeloproliferative disorders.

Adult↗