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Biomedical subjects

A Dyas

Publications and source records attributed to A Dyas.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Staphylococcus aureus still colonizes the untreated neonatal umbilicus.

Two different neonatal umbilical cord treatment regimens were studied prospectively. Although a greater proportion of cords had separated by the seventh day in those babies not treated with topical antiseptics (47% vs. 26%), there was a significant excess (53% vs. 30%) of umbilical colonization by Staphylococcus aureus compared to those neonates whose cords were treated with alcohol wipes and hexachlorophane powder. The main purpose of treating cords is to prevent significant S. aureus colonization, and therefore current proposals to stop antiseptic treatment of umbilical cords should be disregarded.

Anti-Infective Agents, Local↗
PubMed1989

Fungal contamination of mini peak flow meters.

Sixteen peak expiratory flow meters from the Outpatient Department of Solihull Hospital were dismantled for inspection and washing. Fungal contamination was found in all 16 machines with visible contamination in four.

Equipment Contamination↗
PubMed1986

Ten years' experience of Haemophilus influenzae infection at Birmingham Children's Hospital.

A survey of serious infections due to Haemophilus influenzae, in the years 1973-1984, was made at the Birmingham Children's Hospital. Eight-three cases were recorded, comprising 42 of meningitis, 18 of septicaemia, 16 of epiglottitis and seven of septic arthritis or osteomyelitis. The mortality rate for meningitis and septicaemia was 5%, but no child with epiglottitis or septic arthritis died. The data are compared with those of American studies. The incidence of severe haemophilus infection in the inner city area of Birmingham was estimated to be at least 1 in 950 children during the period of the study.

Arthritis, Infectious↗
PubMed1985

The activity of glutaraldehyde against Clostridium difficile.

The sporicidal activity of 2% glutaraldehyde against Bacillus subtilis var. globigii and Bacillus stearothermophilus was compared with that against Clostridium difficile. The aerobic species, normally chosen for test purposes, survived for 2 h but Cl. difficile was killed in under 10 min. In view of the impractical and lengthy immersions required to satisfy standard tests using non-pathogenic spores, a less stringent standard would probably be more appropriate.

Aldehydes↗
PubMed1985

Hospital-acquired infection with Streptococcus pneumoniae.

A prospective survey was carried out in the winter of 1983-84 to determine the incidence of hospital-acquired pneumococcal chest infection in a district general hospital. Twenty-one patients (of a total of 103 infected with Streptococcus pneumoniae) were assessed as having hospital-acquired infection. The implication of this and the need for further studies are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Prophylaxis in bacterial meningitis.

A questionnaire about the use of prophylactic antibiotics in bacterial meningitis was sent to medical officers of environmental health and microbiologists in England. There was broad agreement that prophylaxis should be offered to close contacts of acute meningitis due to Neisseria meningitidis but not to contacts of meningitis caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae. Overall 28% of those who replied said they could consider giving prophylaxis to contacts of meningitis due to Haemophilus influenzae. Rifampicin was the most common choice of drug. The indications for prophylaxis in bacterial meningitis are discussed.

Anti-Infective Agents↗
PubMed1983

The intraperitoneal penetration of temocillin.

The intraperitoneal penetration of temocillin was studied following a 1 g iv injection in 28 patients undergoing elective gastrointestinal surgery. Temocillin penetrated rapidly and during the first hour post administration the peritoneal level was 48% of the serum level. The mean peritoneal level of temocillin over the period of the study (3.5 h) was 49.1 mg/l. It was concluded that 1 g of temocillin twice daily would achieve sufficiently high intraperitoneal levels to inhibit susceptible pathogens.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Reproducibility study of the pharmacokinetics of amikacin, gentamicin and tobramycin; a three-way crossover study.

The hypothesis that the pharmacokinetics of amikacin are more predictable than those of gentamicin or tobramycin was studied. In a three-way crossover design 58 volunteers received 7.5 mg/kg amikacin by iv infusion and either 1.5 mg/kg or 1 mg/kg gentamicin and tobramycin. The mean half-life and mean serum concentration at 1 h for each drug was determined. No consistent significant difference was found between the pharmacokinetics of amikacin and the other two drugs.

Amikacin↗