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Biomedical subjects

A E Ermolenko

Publications and source records attributed to A E Ermolenko.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

[Coronary artery disease after renal transplantation: epidemiology, risk factors, and surgical approaches to treatment].

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the main cause of death in renal transplant recipients. The aim of the present study was to determine the frequency and risk factors of post-transplantation CAD and its influence on the long-term results of surgery, as well as to evaluate the efficiency of myocardial revascularization in patients with severe CAD. Analysis of the observation of 479 renal recipients (332 men and 147 women) aged 38.69 +/- 11.2 was performed. The mean follow-up period was 64.56 +/- 37.44 months. Sixty-eight patients had diabetes mellitus. CAD was diagnosed in 14.8% (71 out of 479) renal recipients; in 12.7% of patients it developed de novo and was revealed 32.4 +/- 18.6 months after the surgery. Ten-year survival of renal recipients with CAD was only 39%, while in the group of non-CAD patients it was 75% (p < 0.0001). Age more than 45, male gender, diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia, infections, pre-existing left ventricular myocardial hypertrophy, and renal transplant dysfunction were defined as significant risk factors of CAD de novo. Multi-factor Cox model found only age more than 45 (p < 0.009), male gender (p < 0.00001), and hyperlipidemia (p < 0.0058) to be independent risk factors of CAD. Myocardial revascularization was performed in 29 patients with coronary lesions: 27 patients underwent percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty with stenting and 2 patients underwent coronary artery bypass grafting (5 and 52 months after renal transplantation). However, angioplasty had to be repeated in 6 out of 27 (22%) patients within 3 to 6 months. The average follow-up duration was 23 months (2 to 74 months) after revascularization. Prolonged effect (more than 12 months) was achieved in 17 out of 29 (58.6%) patients. None of the patients developed myocardial infarction after revascularization. Two patients died 28 and 35 months after angioplasty due to extracardial complications (hepatic cirrhosis and an oncological disease); one patient died 78 months after repeated revascularization from progressive cardiac insufficiency while receiving dialysis due to a relapse of renal transplant insufficiency. Thus, CAD develops in 14.8% of renal transplant recipients; in 12.7 of patients it develops de novo. There are conventional and nonconventional post-transplantation CAD risk factors, which include renal transplant dysfunction and post-transplantation infections. Association with myocardial hypertrophy, observed in a significant number of patients, is a feature of post-transplantation CAD. Coronary revascularization, angioplasty with stenting in particular, may be considered to be an effective method of CAD treatment in renal transplant recipients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

[Hyperhydration and the cardiovascular system in patients receiving hemodialysis].

In order to evaluate the influence of volume overload on the cardiovascular system, patients on program hemodialysis were examined using ultrasonography and isotope ventriculography. The study revealed a doubtless correlation between hyperhydration, on the one hand, and arterial hypertension, an increased minute volume, and left ventricular hypertrophy, on the other. A growing left atrial contribution was shown to play an important role for the maintenance of an adequate left ventricular filling during a session of hemodialysis with ultrafiltration. The study also found paradoxal blood sequestration in the venous system during the process of ultrafiltration in patients with high parathyroid hormone levels.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Two-plane symmetry in the structural organization of man.

Manifestations of symmetry in the human structural organization in ontogenesis and phylogenetic development are analysed. A concept of macrobiocrystalloid with inherent complex symmetry is proposed for the description of the human organism in its integrity. The symmetry can be characterized as two-plane radial (quadrilateral), where the planar symmetry is predominant while the layout of organs of radial symmetry is subordinated to it. Out of the two planes of symmetry (sagittal and horizontal), the sagittal plane is predominant: (a) the location of the organs is governed by two principles: in compliance with the symmetry planes and in compliance with the radial symmetry around cavities; (b) the location of the radial symmetry organs is also governed by the principle of two-plane symmetry; (c) out of the four antimeres of two-plane symmetry, two are paired while the other two have merged into one organ; (d) some organs which are antimeres relative to the horizontal plane are located at the cranial end of the organism (sensory organs, cerebrum-cerebellum, heart-spleen and others). The two-plane symmetry is formed by two mechanisms--(a) the impact of morphogenetic fields of the whole crystalloid organism during embriogenesis and (b) genetic mechanisms of the development of chromosomes having two-plane symmetry. When comparing mineral and biological entities we should consider not the whole immobile crystal but only the active superficial part of a growing or dissolving crystal, the interface between the crystal surface and the crystal-forming environment which directly controls crystal growth and adapts itself to it, as well as crystal feed stock expressed in the structure of concentration flows. The symmetry of the chromosome, of the embrion at the early stages of cell cleavage as well as of some organs and systems in their phylogenetic development is described.

Biological Evolution↗
PubMed2001

[New hygienic requirement in work with lead].

A project "Hygienic requirements for work with lead" is specified. The project covers principal hygienic requirements for production (including small and individual enterprises) where lead is the main occupational hazard and determines work conditions and prophylactic measures. The authors considered new prophylactic approaches--average shift MAC for the air of workplace (0.05 mg/m3) and monitoring of serum lead level in accordance with exposure grade.

Health Promotion↗
PubMed1998

[Importance of hygienic monitoring in detection of etiological mechanisms of chronic lead poisoning in battery production plants].

The authors demonstrate importance of hygienic monitoring for describing the course of chronic lead intoxication among workers of storage battery production. The authors specify and describe the principles of hygienic monitoring program, grouped and individual parameters (hygienic, medical and biologic) that are risk factors for chronic lead intoxication and subjects of control. The article contains some examples demonstrating possibilities of hygienic monitoring for matching the occupational morbidity parameters of storage battery production workers with work conditions and other parameters influencing the disease.

Environmental Monitoring↗
PubMed1998

[Materials for adjusting MAC of lead in the workplace air].

The authors present materials of clinical and hygienic study checking MAC for lead in the air of workplace. The study covered 506 workers of printing, nonferrous metallurgy plants and storage battery production. The study included examination of cardiovascular, nervous, digestive systems and laboratory values and revealed high diagnostic value of serum lead level and low one of urinary lead level. High number of the groups examined and mathematical processing of incomplete selects (Caplan--Meyer assess) proved that intoxication resulted from higher lead concentrations (0.58-0.8 mg/m3). The lead levels of 0.2 mg/m3 in 23.7% of cases induced changes of 2-3 laboratory values-first signs of lead intoxication--and in 5.2% of cases some symptoms of vegetative sensory polyneuropathy were seen. These lead levels are therefore determined as minimally acting. Calculations of probability parameters for health risk helped to set MAC for lead in the air of workplace at 0.05 mg/m3 (this value is accepted by Russian Health Ministry) with mandatory control of serum lead level.

Air Pollutants, Occupational↗
PubMed1992

[The occupational morbidity of workers in the foundry shops of Russia].

Epidemiologic studies concerning the occupational morbidity of the foundry workers were carried out for the first time within the Russian Federation. Studies revealed the causes of diseases during 13 years, helped to create the structure and prevalence of entities and analysed the parameters of development and course of diseases, which helped to define the risk groups in silicosis and vibration disease formation and establish the prophylactic measures.

Dust↗
PubMed1991

[The mechanisms of the disorder of calcium homeostasis in terminal kidney failure and the allotransplantation of a cadaver kidney].

Overall 34 patients with terminal renal failure (TRF) and 81 recipients of the allotransplanted cadaveric kidney (ACK) were examined. It has been established in in-vitro experiments with modulated by additions of EDTA to the plasma and CaCl2 hypo- and hypercalcemia that the magnitude of bound calcium (standardized at the concentration of ionized calcium-Ca++1 mmol/l) decreased in the blood plasma in 65 and 61% of cases. Besides protein-bound calcium dropped in 94 and 91% of cases; the total buffer capacity of the plasma and buffer capacity of proteins fell in 59 and 87% of cases in TRF and ACK, respectively. The rise of the Ca++ content on an empty stomach seen in 21 out of 99 patients with TRF and in 42 out of 98 recipients of the ACK was caused by a decrease of calcium binding in the blood plasma, not made for by the fall of calcium supply to the blood because of "tertiary" hyperparathyroidism. Hypocalcemia detected in 38% of TRF patients was consequence to the rise of calcium binding not made for by the increased calcium supply to the blood provoked by bone resistance to parathyroid hormone.

Buffers↗
PubMed1990

[Calcium salts retention in the skeletal muscles of patients on hemodialysis].

Deposition of amorphous calcium salts in muscle tissue is not only of pathogenic but also of compensatory adaptive character. This occurs in response to bone exclusion from the system of regulation of calcium homeostasis (aluminum or severe uremic intoxication). Apparently, amorphous depositions of calcium salts may buffer fluctuations in ion concentration. Their accumulation is a marker of the weakening of the cellular mechanisms and enhancement of the physicochemical ones by which calcium homeostasis is maintained.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1990

[Analysis of the incidence of vibration disease in machine-building industry].

A study was performed of vibration disease prevalence and morbidity dynamics for 10 years at the enterprises of the RSFSR Ministry of Machine-Building Industry. The results of the study proved that the major VD prevalence was found in automobile, heavy and energy machinery industries, machine-tool and agriculture machinery industry (80%). With regard to the morbidity rate and duration of work/D morbidity correlation, the contributors identified 8 major VD-risk professions, including those for female workers, an earlier development of the disease being more characteristic of females in some professional groups. It was established that some are less/or more liable to VD in comparison with others of the same professional group, which can be accounted for by different individual factors that influence the latent development of the disease. The revealed differences can determine the most promising techniques in VD prevention at machine-engineering plants.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Prognostication on the development of vibration disease in laborers using manual machines].

Prognosing of vibration disease (VD) is normally made both with regard to the number of the VD cases depending on the duration of work in vibration-hazardous professions, and with respect to its latent period. The results of prognosing depend to a vast extent on the methodological principles and criteria used. The data obtained from an epidemiological survey helped to determine quantitatively the interdependence between the vibration dosage and the VD latent period calculation on the average working day dosage basis. It was also shown that in case with marked high frequency and low frequency vibrations, as well as in combinations of vibration with other industrial factors, the calculated VD period can be shortened or prolonged) by 1-3 years. Further improvement of the VD prognosing techniques should be based on the evaluation of group and individual risk-factors criteria.

Humans↗
PubMed1990

[The disperse composition of the aerosols in modern foundry production].

Workers engaged in automatic moulding mixtures preparation inhale aerosols with the particles' mass-median diameter 3.5 micromicrons, whereas the main parameters of the particle inhaled in steel bar rolling mills are 17.7 and 30.8 micromicrons respectively. The highest content of coarse dust fractions (up to 40 mg/m3) with the particles' diameter above 7 micromicrons, e.i. most affecting the bronchopulmonary system, was found in the cleaners working places. Workers of some other professions inhale dust complex particles with the diameter of 7 micromicrons, and polymodal aerosols with the maximum distribution among the particles within 4.3 and 11.7 micromicrons.

Aerosols↗
PubMed1989

[Functional state of various organs in patients after replantation an revascularization of large segments of the extremities].

The authors have analysed the results of functional examinations of some organs in 26 patients after replantation (9 cases) following complete (4) and subtotal (5) avulsion and after revascularization (17 cases) of large segments following severe mechanical injuries. It has been demonstrated that 4 to 6 months after the operation the disturbances in the electric activity of the brain and in the secretory and secretory functions of the kidneys have a reversible character and regress 2 to 5 years later. No functional disturbances concern-ing the thyroid gland, the cardiovascular system and the liver have been revealed in the patients who were examined 4 to 5 months following the surgery. The authors believe that after replantation or revascularization of a large segment of an extremity which was devoid of circulation for 5 to 7 hours the patients should be under medical control for the activity of the inner organs, first of all the brain and the kidneys for at least 2 paors to be able to correct their functioning in good time.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Differential diagnosis of osteomalacia and other forms of renal osteodystrophy in terminal renal failure by dynamic scintigraphy with diphosphonate].

During osteomalacia in patients with terminal renal failure, the coefficient of diphosphonate elimination from the blood bed (K1) was less than 0.1 min-1, which was determined by the rise of the concentration of uremic toxins, inhibiting interaction of the radiopharmaceutical with the bone, in the patients' tissues. Dynamic scintigraphy permits one to study the pharmacokinetics of diphosphonate in every patient and thus can be used for differential diagnosis between osteomalacia and other forms of renal osteodystrophy.

Chronic Kidney Disease-Mineral and Bone Disorder↗