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Biomedical subjects

A E Giuliano

Publications and source records attributed to A E Giuliano.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

Serum-mediated immunosuppression in lung cancer.

Immunosuppression in 45 patients with lung cancer was studied by examining delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity reactions to DNCB and by analyzing the effect of the patient's serum on the proliferative response of normal donor lymphocytes. Both diminution of DNCB reactivity and inhibition of the proliferative response of normal donor lymphocytes to mitogens were associated with the stage of the disease and the presence of unresected tumor. Suppressive sera were associated with poor prognosis. The suppressive effects of patients' sera on lymphocytes from a normal donor suggest that the immunosuppression seen in lung cancer may be mediated by serum factors. The significant association of clinically evident tumor with this serum-mediated immunosuppression further suggests that the tumor itself could account for the appearance of these factors in the host. The clinical implications of these findings may be useful for designing new clinical trials.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Multiple primary melanoma.

From a series of 712 patients with melanoma, 38 patients (5.3%) had more than one primary melanoma. Twenty-four patients had two primaries, 11 patients had three, 2 patients had four, and 1 patient had eight. Twelve patients (32%) had one or more synchronous primaries. Forty-five percent of all multiple primaries were diagnosed within the first year. Microstaging by level and depth was determined prior to treatment and in patients with nonsynchronous primaries, 83% had a subsequent melanoma equal or less advanced than the original. Twenty-six patients with Stage I primaries were skin-tested with DNCB prior to therapy. No significant differences in delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity reactions were found between multiple primary and matched controls with only a single melanoma. Four of 10 patients with multiple primaries treated with adjuvant BCG or BCG-tumor cell vaccine developed subsequent melanomas suggesting that immunotherapy with BCG will not prevent the development of a new primary melanoma. Survival in patients with Stage I and II multiple primary melanomas was improved compared to Stage I and Stage II patients with a single primary. This study suggests that prognosis in multiple primary melanomas is better reflected by the most advanced primary based on microstaging and the presence or absence of regional lymph node metastases than by multiplicity.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Rheumatoid factor in melanoma patients: alterations of humoral tumor immunity in vitro.

Rheumatoid factors (RF) were associated with alterations of antibody reactions to melanoma cells in vitro by two serologic assays. Removal of RF from melanoma patients' sera by absorption with Cohn's Fraction II coated latex particles enhanced seroreactivity in the Immune Adherence (IA) assay and diminished IgM detection by the Indirect Membrane Immunofluorescence (IMI) assay. The addition of serum with high titers of RF to these assay systems led to diminution of IA reactivity and enhancement of IgM detection by IMI. Since these factors are found in cancer patients' sera and can alter humoral immune reactions directed against antigens on the membranes of tumor cells, their presence should be recognized when performing assays with tumor target cells. RF may be of significance in the host-tumor relationship in vivo.

Antibodies, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1979

Oncofetal antigen: a tumor-associated fetal antigen immunogenic in man.

Oncofetal antigen (OFA) has been defined with the use of human natural antibodies as a membrane antigen of human cancer cells that cross-reacts with human fetal brain tissues. The immunogen that elicits the antibody is unknown. The present study was undertaken to examine the immunogenicity of the OFA found on tumor cells. Postoperative melanoma patients were immunized with OFA-positive melanoma cells. Anti-OFA reactivities in the immunized sera were titrated by the immune adherence assay with the use of a known OFA-positive cultured melanoma cell line, M14, as target cell. Alloantibodies were excluded by absorption with lymphoblastoid cells autologous to M14. Anti-OFA antibody then was identified by absorption with fetal brain. In 6 months of immunization, 19 of 23 patients produced increased anti-OFA antibodies. The peak titers ranged from 1:16 to 1:2,048. Sera from 18 patients who were not immunized also were tested for 6 months postoperatively, and none had significant increases in antibody titers. The increase of anti-OFA antibody titer in response to the immunization with OFA-positive tumor cells suggests the immunogenic capability of tumor-related OFA in man.

Antibodies, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1978

Breast cancer presenting as renal colic.

A unique case of breast cancer presenting as renal colic due to ureteral obstruction is presented. Although antemortem diagnosis has been uncommon, ureteral metastases frequently are found in autopsy studies. Improvements in the management of patients with disseminated breast cancer may lead to more frequent recognition of this problem. Therapy should be directed against the tumor in general, and not specifically against the ureteral lesion unless renal function is jeopardized. Hormonal manipulation is the treatment of choice in patients with estrogen receptor-positive tumors. Ureteral catheterization or urinary diversion should be attempted only in combination with systemic injury.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1977

Postoperative treatment of patients after liver resection for trauma: a follow-up study.

In the last ten years, 89 hepatic resections were performed for trauma. Thirty-three patients survived and were followed up for one month to seven years: 15 patients had right lobectomy, nine left lobectomy, and nine left lateral segmentectomy. Complications were primarily pulmonary. All patients had transient derangement of liver function tests, but only three patients had liver dysfunction. Long-term follow-up showed no ill effects from the liver resection. Important postoperative treatment includes (1) adequate dependent drainage, (2) maintenance of blood volume, (3) intravenous albumin and glucose, (4) adequate nutritional support, and (5) selective use of intravenous glucagon.

Adolescent↗