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Biomedical subjects

A E Gunders

Publications and source records attributed to A E Gunders.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1990

The susceptibility of five laboratory colonies of mosquitoes to the human nematode Wuchereria bancrofti (Cobbold).

Laboratory colonies of Anopheles gambiae, An. arabiensis, An. merus, An. quadriannulatus and Aedes aegypti formosus were artificially fed on blood containing microfilariae of Wuchereria bancrofti. The anopheline colonies all supported parasite development to the infective stage, with An. quadriannulatus being the most heavily infected. The parasite did not develop at all in the Ae. aegypti formosus colony.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Leishmaniasis in Israel: reservoir hosts, sandfly vectors and leishmanial strains in the Negev, Central Arava and along the Dead Sea.

The reservoir animals, sandfly vectors and strains of Leishmania from foci in the southern region of Israel were studied. The rodent host species are: Psammomys obesus, Meriones crassus and probably Nesokia indica. The vector species are Phlebotomus papatasi, which were caught at all collecting sites and Ph. sergenti, which were collected in the area of the Dead Sea and in the Central Arava. Strains of Leishmania major isolated from rodents, vectors and man were serologically and enzymologically identical with regard to their excreted factor (EF) serotypes, their malate dehydrogenase (MDH), glucose-phosphate isomerase (GPI) and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) enzyme variant types, but exhibited three variant subtypes of 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6PGDH). The distribution of the 6PGDH subtypes correlates with three different geographical locations. Scarcity of water is the main factor limiting the biotopes of the sandflies and the spread of leishmaniasis. The subjects discussed are the dependence of sandfly distribution on rodent-burrow depth in arid areas and the inter-relationship between the leishmanial subtypes, vectors and hosts.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Leishmaniasis in the Jordan Valley II. Sandflies and transmission in the central endemic area.

Cutaneous leishmaniasis in the Jordan Valley is maintained within the close association of the rodent Psammomys obesus and sandfly Phlebotomus papatasi, which appear to be the exclusive host and vector species. The incidence of the disease was similar to the distribution of Psammomys colonies in the region, i.e., the plains of light stoneless soil. An infection rate of 93% was recorded in the very common P. obesus. Other potential host species, except for Mus musculus, were scarce and no infection with Leishmania was found in them. The only Phlebotomus species caught in significant numbers was Ph. papatasi and this was also the only species harbouring leishmanial parasites, up to 56% in one sample. All Leishmania isolates from Psammomys and from Ph. papatasi were identical to those from local human cases. The density of Ph. papatasi populations in uncultivated areas was correlated with soil conditions favouring high humidity in Psammomys burrows. A very low rate of engorged females among the Sergentomyia species collected suggests that the common species, S. antennata and S. africana asiatica, are highly autogenous.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Systemic leishmaniasis mimicking malignant histiocytosis.

A 22-year-old man with fever, hepato-splenomegaly and severe pancytopenia is described in whom the histologic features of the spleen, liver and lymph nodes were consistent with malignant histiocytosis. Characteristic Leishman-Donovan bodies were demonstrated on a bone marrow aspirate, and the diagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis was confirmed by culturing the flagellated forms of the pathogen, and by an excellent response to sodium stibogluconate. In view of the similarity in clinical and histologic appearance, visceral leishmaniasis must be considered in the differential diagnosis of malignant histiocytosis in geographic areas where leishmaniasis is still endemic.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Disseminated echinococcosis with repeated anaphylactic shock. Treated with mebendazole.

A 46-year-old man, who was twice operated on for echinococcosis and who suffered from recurrent angioneurotic edema, was hospitalized with anaphylactic shock. Chest x-ray examination showed round lesions in the lungs; Casoni, immunofluorescence and hemagglutination tests for echinococcosis were strongly positive. With a diagnosis of disseminated echinococcosis, drug treatment with mebenzadole was given for 29 weeks (the last 22 weeks a dose of 1,200 mg daily). No side effects were observed, allergic manifestations disappeared, and the round lesions were noticeably reduced. The titer of hemagglutination fell gradually, and IgE concentration initially increased and later fell. Mebendazole is proposed as a drug of choice in the cure of disseminated hydatidosis; it may both alter the indication for operation and considerably improve the prognosis.

Anaphylaxis↗
PubMed1977

Piroplasmal sporozoites in the Argasid Ornithodoros erraticus (Lucas).

The infective forms of Nuttallia meri, a small-mammal piroplasm, first appear as spindle-shaped sporozoites in and around the salivary glands of Ornithodoros erraticus (small race) 30 days after the ticks had fed on infected blood. O. erraticus is the only soft tick so far proved to transmit a piroplasm.

Animals↗