Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to A E Nedachin.
The article is dedicated to present-day problems of sanitary-virologic monitoring of water with different degree of pollution. The authors assess some indirect indicators of viral contamination of water and present perfected methods of water monitoring such as PCR, OT-PCR, and OT-PCR integrated with tissue culture for detecting viral RNA and DNA.
Comprehensive studies of the sanitary standards provided research evidence for the maximum allowable concentrations of iodine in the drinking water by taking into account its daily allowances dose and the formation of transformation by-products due to iodine disinfection, drinking water preservation, and iodine deficiency prevention in the endemic areas. Techniques of water iodination have been devised and tested in the experimental and industrial setting, including those for packaging drinking water, as well as those by using portable water purifiers based on highly effective iodine-selective adsorptive compounds which make it possible to solve the task of administering iodine dosages into the water (with allowances born in mind), under domestic conditions as well.
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Bound chlorine in doses 0.8-1.2 mg/l does not inactivate viruses in water. Chlorine can be active against hepatitis A viruses in concentration not less than 4.2 mg/l with the virion content in water 10(5)/ml and at least 20 min exposure.
On the territory of town Perm there are some factors of hygienic, climatic and technical nature which yearly influence microbial pollution of drinking water and seasonal incidence of intestinal infections of obscure etiology. It was shown in several years investigations.
It has been found out that a coli-phage is a more reliable indirect indicator of viral pollution of drinking water that the existing indirect bacterial indicators. Coli-phages concentration in drinking water on the level of single PFU/1 is evidence of disturbances in the barrier function of water-treatment facilities with respect to viral microflora and of the possible epidemic danger of water with respect to viral infection. The absence of coli-phages in I 1 of water sample should be considered the standard level of coli-phages of drinking water.
The results of the study of the epidemiological regularities of viral hepatitis non-A, non-B with the fecal-oral mechanism of the transfer of infection in one of the regions of the Turkmenian SSR are presented. These results have been confirmed by serological and virological laboratory methods. The territories, groups of the population (age groups) and the time of the maximum epidemic risk of infection have been determined. The main (primary) role of the water route (polluted ground water) in the spread of this infection has been proved.
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The drinking water was tested for viruses in the industrial towns of Eastern Siberia. The findings suggest that extremely poor provision with good quality drinking water is seen in the town of Ust-Ilimsk where there were high levels of pathogenic viruses in the water. The high contamination of drinking water with hepatitis A virus and rotavirus is a cause of higher incidence of intestinal viral infections in the areas under study.