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Biomedical subjects

A Elefterion

Publications and source records attributed to A Elefterion.

14 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Prevalence of hypertension and its treatment in a population of 26,374 workers].

The control of hypertension requires large scale epidemiological studies to determine the prevalence of the disease and to evaluate the results of therapeutic intervention. This study was based on the examination of 26,374 salaried adult patients during a 12 months period in the Tarn-et-Garonne Regional Industrial Medecine Service. The results of this study showed: 1) the prevalence of hypertension defined as greater than 165/95 mmHg was 5.9%; 2) of the 1,552 hypertensive subjects, 84% had been diagnosed previously and 74% were under treatment of which 71% were controlled. In other terms, only 44% of hypertensive subjects had normal blood pressures; 3) there was a male predominance up to the age of 55 and then the hypertensive patients tended to be women. Paradoxically, men were less treated and less well controlled, especially the young men; 4) from the therapeutic point of view, 80% of hypertensive patients were treated by monotherapy, whether the hypertension was controlled or not, which would seem to be inadequate.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Effect of sleep on blood pressure].

UNLABELLED: Seventeen normotensive subjects have their blood pressure recorded each 10 mn, at home, from 7 pm to 9 am, by Spacelabs 5200, and undergo polygraphic, recording of EEG, activity of the mylohyoid muscle and horizontal oculogram allowing in this way to specify the different sleeping stages. The analysis method using increasing rates of SBP, DBP and HR according to different sleeping stages, has showed following results: 1--the pre sleep period (one hour before sleep) is marked by a decrease in blood pressures, with SBP changing sooner than DBP. HR is the variable which fluctuates the most. 2--during the sleeping period, no correlation has been noticed between different sleeping stages and the variations of SBP, DBP and HR. 3--the wakening period is characterized by a concomitant increase of the 3 variables, however this increase occurs indifferently depending on the subjects, before, during or after wakening. Furthermore the rising slope of blood pressure is markedly greater, in absolute value, than the blood pressure fall before sleep. CONCLUSION: The organization of sleep does not seem to have a determining influence on nocturnal blood pressure evolution.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Measurement of arterial flow in the limbs: plethysmography, isotopes, electromagnetic methods].

Measurement of arterial flow is a very old practice, and intra-arterial recordings of pressure and flow have long served as a reference for experimental studies (fig. 1). The definition of a hemodynamic state is inconceivable unless these two parameters are associated. The electromagnetic method using an intra-arterial sensor measures pulsatile flow. Now, technological advances have led to the appearance of other methods providing measurement of mean (plethysmography) and nonpulsatile flow. As a result, there has been considerable confusion between mean arterial and pulsatile arterial flow (Fig. 2). Various studies have emphasized the physiological importance of pulsatile arterial flow and thus the interest in measuring it. The recording of mean flow has often proved disappointing because values are comparable in groups of normal subjects and those with arterial disease. Mean arterial flow can be measured by isotopic methods and plethysmography. Xenon-133 clearance is the isotopic method most often used. Since determination of microcirculatory flow at rest proved of no use, it was necessary to add a hyperemia test reactive to ischemia to differentiate patients with artery disease from normal subjects. Methods involving technetium and thallium have been little used since they require the presence of a nuclear medicine center and are not easily reproducible. There are numerous plethysmographic methods, but only those are studied here which allow measurement of arterial flow. Plethysmography by venous occlusion measures arterial flow by recording the increase in limb volume. The sensor is a mercury strain gauge.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Arteries↗
PubMed1983

Is osteonecrosis of the femoral head avascular? Bone blood flow measurements after long-term treatment with corticosteroids.

Since nontraumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head is usually considered primarily as an ischemic disease, blood flow has been studied in femoral segments in two groups of geese, one control group and the other treated with a high dose of corticosteroids for 5 months. There was no histologic evidence of osteonecrosis in femoral heads, and mean bone blood flow in any femoral segments was not reduced in the treated group. These results suggest that osteonecrosis of the femoral head is not caused primarily by ischemia, even if ischemia may play a secondary role in the evolution of the disorder.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

[Trial modeling of acinous structures of the rat sub-mandibular gland].

The sub-mandibular glands of rats subjected to unbalanced protein diets for six months were submitted to histomorphometric study in optical light microscopy. Protein deficiency led to slower growth although an hyperprotein diet did not alter acini distribution significantly. The results allowed an acinous structure model related to the diet protein ratio to be tested.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Photoplethysmography (PPG) or photoreflexometry (PRM): principle and reproducibility (study of the validity of the method in healthy subjects)].

Photoplethysmography, a non-invasive vascular exploratory test, has recently made great in the evaluation of venous haemodynamics. The principle of Photoplethysmography uses the cutaneous reflection of infrared light in the intradermal venous plexi. Then methods are presented for a reliable implementation of the tests. Validity of the method is verified by applying statistical tests to measurements carried out in two healthy subjects. In conclusion, Photoplethysmography may be produced, providing that the method used is strict, that three successive measurements are carried out, so that only the mean value is considered; because of the low value of the variability index of the total filling time, this parameter is used in the interpretation of the method.

Female↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Diagnostic value and significance of photoplethysmography in venous insufficiency].

In this study, including 62 patients, or 104 lower extremities, the author demonstrates first, with the chi-2 test, that the method based on Photoplethysmography has a good diagnostic value (sensitivity: 92%, specificity: 88%). Then, with the Student t-test, he demonstrates that the advantage of Photoplethysmography in venous insufficiency is to differentiate easily normal subjects from subjects affected with valve insufficiency, and to establish the differential diagnosis between superficial valvular insufficiency and deep valvular insufficiency. On the contrary, in analyzing the discrepancies between clinical examination and the results of Photoplethysmography, he demonstrates that the diagnosis obtained with Photoplethysmography is limited in the presence of edema, isolated varicose veins, Phlebitis and arterial disease, or during an ineffective compression of the reflux of the superficial venous system. Finally, the author suggests an approach in patients with chronic venous insufficiency, based on clinical examination, Doppler examination and Photoplethysmography.

Aged↗