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Biomedical subjects

A Elias-Jones

Publications and source records attributed to A Elias-Jones.

9 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

Resuscitation of the preterm infant against parental wishes.

Over the past 40 years, the norms on who is to make treatment decisions for newborns, and on what standards, have been significantly altered and revised. Today the standard for treatment of newborns is the "best interest" of the child. A recent ruling of the Texas Supreme Court authorizing a doctor to resuscitate a potentially viable very premature newborn over the parents' objection is a challenge to that standard.

Decision Making↗
PubMed2001

Gentamicin dosing in neonatal patients.

OBJECTIVE: To compare trough and peak serum gentamicin concentrations in neonatal patients using two dosing regimens. METHOD: A retrospective audit of gentamicin serum concentrations obtained with the current neonatal gentamicin-dosing regimen (regimen 1) was conducted. Results were then compared with the introduction of a new regimen (regimen 2). Preliminary results necessitated a change to a further dosage schedule (regimen 3), where data was again collected. RESULTS: For regimen 1, 79% of patients achieved satisfactory trough concentrations, 30% achieved satisfactory peak concentrations, and 16% achieved a satisfactory combined trough and peak concentration. For regimen 2, 80% of patients achieved satisfactory trough concentrations, 63% achieved satisfactory peak concentrations, and 48% achieved a satisfactory combined trough and peak concentration. For regimen 3, 76% of patients achieved satisfactory trough concentrations, 56% achieved satisfactory peak concentrations, and 45% achieved a satisfactory combined trough and peak concentration. CONCLUSION: Regimen 3 shows a marked improvement in serum gentamicin concentrations. However neonates in the 32-38 weeks post-conceptional age group achieved higher trough and peak serum gentamicin levels than expected. Therefore the dosage interval in this group of neonates will be increased from 18 hourly to 24 hourly dosing, and regimen reaudited.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1999

Efficacy and safety of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation of infant-formula milk: a randomised trial.

BACKGROUND: We tested whether addition of n-3 and n-6 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA) to infant-formula milk during the first 6 months promotes long-term cognitive and motor development, without adverse consequences. METHODS: We did a double-blind, randomised, controlled, efficacy and safety trial of formula with and without LCPUFAs, with an additional breastfed reference group, in four hospitals in two cities in the UK. The participants were 447 healthy full-term babies. 309 were fed formula (155 without LCPUFAs) and 138 were breastfed for at least 6 weeks. The main outcome measures were: Bayley Mental and Psychomotor Development Indices (MDI, PDI) at 18 months (primary efficacy outcome) and Knobloch, Passamanick, and Sherrards test at 9 months (secondary outcome). Principal safety outcomes were: infection, atopy, growth, and gastrointestinal tolerance. FINDINGS: Babies fed formula with and without LCPUFA did not differ in cognitive or motor development, growth, infection, atopy or tolerance. The mean (95% CI) MDI was 0.5 (-2.7 to 3.8) units and the PDI 0.6 (-1.8 to 3.0) units higher in the supplementation group. Formula-fed infants had similar developmental scores to the breastfed reference group after adjustment for higher social class and maternal education in the latter. INTERPRETATION: There was no evidence of a beneficial or adverse effect on cognitive and motor development or growth up to 18 months. Although no significant differences in safety outcomes were observed, we suggest such data should be collected in future LCPUFA trials. Our trial does not provide support for addition of LCPUFA to standard infant formula but we are now doing further follow-up of this cohort.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

The therapeutic actions of theophylline in preterm ventilated infants.

40 preterm, ventilated infants (gestational ages 24-33 weeks) were entered into a double-blind randomised trial to assess the effect of oral theophylline on lung function and ventilator dependence. Theophylline administration was associated with a significant improvement in compliance (P less than 0.05) and hastened weaning from ventilation (P less than 0.01).

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1979

The corneal reflex in elderly patients.

The corneal reflex was absent in 23.5 percent of 115 elderly patients, particularly in those with cerebrovascular disease. However, it was also absent in many of the patients without neurologic disease. Therefore, physicians should not attach too much importance to lack of the corneal reflex in elderly persons.

Aged↗